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研究生： 陳冠宇
Chen, Guan-Yu
論文名稱： 呼吸式燃料電池控制系統最佳化之研究
Studies on the Air-breathing Fuel Cell Control System Optimization
指導教授： 賴維祥
Lai, Wei-Hsiang
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 航空太空工程學系
Department of Aeronautics & Astronautics
論文出版年： 2018
畢業學年度： 106
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 149
中文關鍵詞： 呼吸式質子交換膜燃料電池堆 、燃料電池系統控制最佳化 、最佳排水週期 、最佳操作溫度 、緊急關機
外文關鍵詞： Air-breathing proton exchange membrane fuel cell, Fuel cell control system optimization, Optimal purge period, Optimal stack temperature, Emergency shutdown
相關次數： 點閱：71  下載：1 
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    • 本研究中，主要是使用Arduino Mega 2560當作主控制板，並且結合周邊系統(BOP)，來開發出一套完整控制系統，用在5級呼吸式質子交換膜燃料電池堆，能使電堆正常運作。當電堆在不同負載下所對應的排水週期和操作溫度也會有所不同，電堆溫度過高時，風扇轉速會變快，使電堆能在一穩定操作溫度，最終達到水熱管理。在10 A、20 A、30 A、40 A、50 A和60 A不同負載下，找出所對應最佳排水週期為150 秒、120 秒、105秒、90秒、50秒、40秒，找出所對應最佳電堆操作溫度為35 ℃、40 ℃、45 ℃、50 ℃、55 ℃、55 ℃，為最佳參數，能使電堆有最佳輸出性能。因此找出最佳排水週期和電堆操作溫度，來達到水熱管理。

    從實驗中已找出最佳排水週期與最佳電堆操作溫度，在50A操作下，氫氣消耗率為154 L/hr，發電效率為29.9 %，沒有使用陽極排水法，氫氣消耗率為188 L/hr，發電效率為24.3 %。因此有使用陽極排水法比沒有使用陽極排水法還要來得節省氫氣，並且大幅提升發電效率。最終能使5級呼吸式燃料電池控制系統最佳化長時間穩定運轉。另外在60 A操作下及排水週期為40 秒，有最佳輸出性能為188.3 W，功率密度達248 mW/cm^2。

    In this study, the Arduino Mega 2560 was used as the main control board. A control system was combined with a 5-cell air-breathing proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The purge period and stack temperature were chosen as main control parameters and were optimized with different loads as 10 A, 20 A, 30 A, 40 A, 50 A, and 60 A. The corresponding stack temperatures at different loads were referred to commercial air-breathing fuel cell system. The stack temperatures were controlled at 35 ℃, 40 ℃, 45 ℃, 50 ℃, 55 ℃ and 60 ℃ at 10 A, 20 A, 30 A, 40 A, 50 A, and 60 A constant current load, respectively. The optimized purge period time were found as 150 s, 120 s, 105 s, 90 s, 50 s, and 40 s, respectively, according to the referred temperatures. The stack temperature optimization experiments were conducted based on the optimal purge period at each constant current load. The stack optimal operating temperature was 35 ℃, 40 ℃, 45 ℃, 50 ℃, 55℃, and 55 ℃ at 10 A, 20 A, 30 A, 40 A, 50 A, and 60 A constant current load, respectively. The method of fuel cell water and heat management is accomplished by controlling the purge air period and cooling fan speed.

    Under the 50 A constant current load, the hydrogen consumption rate was 154 L/hr. The power generation efficiency was calculated as 29.9% with optimized purge period. The hydrogen consumption rate was 188 L/hr at 1.5 stoichiometry ratio, and the power generation efficiency was calculated as 24.3%. Therefore, the use of the hydrogen dead-end mode saves quite a few hydrogen. In other words, the power generation efficiency is greatly improved. Finally, a 5-cell air-breathing fuel cell control system is optimized and can be operated stably for a long time with an optimized control parameters. The best performance is obtained under 60 A and purge period 40s condition, the output power reaches 188.3 W, and its power density is 248 mW/cm2 accordingly.

    中文摘要................................I 誌謝....................................V 目錄...................................VI 表目錄..................................X 圖目錄................................XII 符號................................XXIII 第1章 緒論............................1 1-1 前言............................1 1-2 研究動機與目的...................6 1-3 文獻回顧.........................7 第2章 質子交換膜燃料電池簡介............13 2-1 質子交換膜燃料電池運作原理.........13 2-2 質子交換膜燃料電池基本構造.........16 2-3 質子交換膜燃料電池控制系統理論......17 第3章 實驗設備..........................19 3-1 1kW燃料電池測試機台................19 3-1-1 操作面板介紹.......................19 3-1-2 電子負載機.........................20 3-2 燃料電池系統控制硬體設備............21 3-2-1 Arduino Mega 2560.................21 3-2-2 溫度感測器和熱電偶..................22 3-2-3 壓力感測器.........................23 3-2-4 電流感測器.........................24 3-2-5 常閉型電磁閥.......................25 3-2-6 常開型電磁閥.......................26 3-2-7 控制開關...........................27 3-2-8 風扇..............................28 3-2-9 調壓閥............................29 3-2-10 繼電器............................30 3-2-11 電源供應器.........................31 3-2-12 負載線.............................32 3-2-13 電腦...............................32 3-3 燃料電池系統控制軟體.................33 3-4 5級呼吸式質子交換膜燃料電池..........34 第4章 研究方法...........................35 4-1 周邊系統(BOP)建置..................37 4-1-1 氫氣供應系統.......................37 4-1-2 空氣供應系統.......................37 4-1-3 監控系統...........................38 4-1-4 排水系統...........................38 4-1-5 散熱系統...........................39 4-2 燃料電池系統控制模式................39 4-2-1 開機模式...........................39 4-2-2 正常運轉模式.......................40 4-2-3 正常關機模式.......................41 4-2-4 緊急關機模式.......................42 4-3 實驗方法...........................43 4-3-1 排水週期最佳化控制..................44 4-3-2 燃料電池堆溫度最佳化控制.............46 4-3-3 緊急關機...........................49 4-4 發電效率...........................49 第5章 結果與討論.........................52 5-1 排水週期對性能影響結果比較...........52 5-1-1 定電流10 A性能測試..................52 5-1-2 定電流20 A性能測試..................60 5-1-3 定電流30 A性能測試..................67 5-1-4 定電流40 A性能測試..................78 5-1-5 定電流50 A性能測試..................89 5-1-6 定電流60 A性能測試..................97 5-2 燃料電池堆溫度對性能影響結果比較.....105 5-2-1 定電流10 A性能測試..................105 5-2-2 定電流20 A性能測試..................111 5-2-3 定電流30 A性能測試..................117 5-2-4 定電流40 A性能測試..................123 5-2-5 定電流50 A性能測試..................129 5-2-6 定電流60 A性能測試..................135 5-3 緊急關機............................141 5-4 發電效率............................143 第6章 結論................................144 第7章 未來工作............................146 參考文獻....................................147

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