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研究生： 陳捷昇
Chen, Chieh-Sheng
論文名稱： 三軸試驗下口罩加勁砂土力學行為之研究
Study on Mechanical Behavior of Face mask Reinforced Sands under Triaxial Compression Tests
指導教授： 洪瀞
Hung, Ching
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 土木工程學系
Department of Civil Engineering
論文出版年： 2022
畢業學年度： 110
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 97
中文關鍵詞： 口罩 、土壤加勁 、三軸壓密不排水試驗
外文關鍵詞： face mask, soil reinforcement, CU test
相關次數： 點閱：32  下載：0 
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    • 在新冠病毒(COVID-19)大流行期間，許多國家強制要求人民在公共場合必須配戴口罩。使用口罩對於防堵疫情傳播確實具有很高的保護力，卻也帶來了嚴重的環境問題以及汙染。為了賦予疫情期間產生的大量廢棄口罩嶄新的工程利用價值，並且提供一種安全的再利用方式，本研究嘗試探討其使用於土壤加勁之可行性。
    本研究採用實驗室級渥太華砂(OS)以及台南市安平地區海砂(SS)探討口罩碎片(FM)加勁之成效差異。通過裁切口罩收集碎片後，考慮不同長寬比和添加量與試驗砂土混和。使用靜三軸試驗儀器，通過壓密不排水(Consolidated Undrained Test)試驗施加三種不同有效壓密應力(p'"=100、200及300kPa")檢視加勁土壤之力學行為。
    本研究結果顯示兩種基本試驗材料(OS及SS)，不論是與長寬比2或4以及添加量0.3%或0.5%的FM混合後都能夠有效改善其力學行為。除了能夠有效提高兩種砂土的剪力強度外，FM還有助於試體在壓縮過程中增加其膨脹性。但是兩種試驗基本材料有著不同的最佳添加量，而影響兩者最佳添加量的因素可能為顆粒形狀以及中值粒徑。在試驗基本材料中加入FM能夠使其在受剪階段觸發其拉伸應力及有效提高砂土結構與FM之間的互鎖效應，導致加勁試體的剪力強度上升且應力-應變行為變得更具膨脹性。從超額孔隙水壓(Δu)與軸向應變之關係圖結果顯示，不管有效壓密應力為多少，使用長寬比較大的FM加勁試體有著更大的膨脹行為。此外，從超額孔隙水壓(Δu)的結果還可得知，FM加勁後的試體結構會變得更加緊密。最後，實驗結果表明，加勁成效隨著長寬比增加而上升，惟其可能存在極限值，需更多的實驗去驗證。

    During the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries have made it mandatory to wear masks in public to prevent the epidemics. To create a new engineering value and provide a way to safely reuse the large number of face masks produced during the epidemic, this study investigated the potential use of masks for soil reinforcement.
    To investigate the reinforcement effect between Ottawa sand (OS) and sea sand (SS) with shredded face mask (FM), a series of triaxial compression tests were conducted. FMs were mixed with sands by different aspect ratios and addition percentages. The influence of effective mean stress was examined in consolidated undrained test to investigate the mechanical behavior of soil reinforcement effects.
    Stress paths and stress-strain behaviors indicated that the inclusion of FM improved the overall sand strength. Additionally, the inclusion of FM results in a change from brittle to ductile behavior. Notably, OS and SS had different optimal addition percentages, likely due to the different median grain sizes (D50) of the OS and SS. The excess pore water pressure and axial strain behavior showed that the Δu of all samples first increased to a peak value and then decreased rapidly. This reduction in Δu indicates that the samples tended to be ductile.
    The experiment results demonstrate that the reinforcement effect increases with aspect ratio, but there may be limitation that may require further experiments for verification.

    摘要 i Extended Abstract ii 致謝 xiii 目錄 xiv 圖目錄 xvii 表目錄 xx 第一章 緒論 1 1.1研究目的與動機 1 1.2研究方法及內容 2 1.3研究流程 3 第二章 文獻回顧 5 2.1 前言 5 2.2 土壤加勁 5 2.2.1 土壤加勁發展歷史 5 2.2.2 土壤加勁分類 6 2.2.3 土壤加勁優點 7 2.2.4 土壤加勁機制 7 2.3 加勁材料種類 14 2.3.1 地工合成材料 14 2.3.2 隨機分佈之纖維 16 2.3.3 廢棄物再利用 19 2.4 影響土壤加勁性能因子 22 2.4.1 土壤種類 23 2.4.2 加勁材料添加量 25 2.4.3 加勁材料種類 27 2.4.4 加勁材料長寬比 29 第三章 試驗儀器與設備 32 3.1 三軸壓縮試驗 32 3.2 儀器介紹 32 3.2.1 三軸壓縮試驗設備 32 3.2.2 底座與三軸室 34 3.2.3 控制面板與加壓系統 36 3.2.4 軸向加載系統 38 3.2.5 試驗量測儀器 38 3.3 其他相關設備 40 3.3.1 除氣水系統 40 3.3.2 橡皮膜 40 3.3.3 橡皮環與支撐器 41 3.3.4 透水石與濾紙 42 3.3.5 重膜固定器 43 3.3.6 電子秤 44 3.4 土壤材料 45 3.4.1 現場取樣 45 3.4.2 篩分析試驗 46 3.4.3 相對密度試驗 47 3.4.4 XRF試驗 49 3.4.5 SEM試驗 49 3.5 加勁材料 50 第四章 研究方法及試驗步驟 52 4.1 研究方法 52 4.2 試驗步驟 52 4.2.1 試驗設備準備 52 4.2.2 試體製備及架設 57 4.2.3 試體飽和階段 61 4.2.4 試體壓密階段 63 4.2.5 試體剪切階段 63 4.3 試驗數據整理 64 第五章 試驗結果分析與討論 65 5.1 穩態(Steady state) 65 5.2 應力路徑 66 5.3 20%應變時之剪力強度(q20) 73 5.4 20%應變時之剪力強度增加量(∆q20) 74 5.5 尖峰強度 76 5.6 超額孔隙水壓 78 5.7 臨界狀態(Critical state) 81 第六章 結論與建議 84 6.1 結論 84 6.2 建議 85 參考文獻 86

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