疫情影響人類活動由戶外更改為室內，而室內活動的增加對於室內空氣品質影響甚大，使換氣更顯得重要，換氣能提高室內空氣品質與降低空氣傳播感染疾病，自然換氣與機械換氣設備使用成為評估的主要議題。然而，評估自然換氣常使用二氧化碳示蹤氣體法，需耗費大量時間成本。而當前市售機械換氣設備控制僅有開與關、定時與調整風量大小 (強、中與弱)，無法根據當下的環境資料與人數進行有效的控制。因此，本研究依演講廳與實驗室作為研究對象，先行評估自然與機械換氣機制，並訂定出一套適用於亞熱帶氣候的策略。
快速評估自然換氣換氣次數，使用了巨集資料分析的常用方法 ─ 主成分分析、K-平均與線性迴歸分析講廳基本資料，探究變量與換氣效益的關係。分析結果顯示目標37間講廳分成2群，實測的11間講廳提供了64.65%的貢獻度。各別分析兩群時，開口面積與其換氣次數為線性關係，同時模型誤差介於6% ~ 12%，證明講廳基本資料推算出講廳自然換氣次數。
機械換氣在本研究分為兩種控制方式，智慧型為一種結合了物聯網與物件偵測的空間解析方法控制換氣設備開關，實驗結果表明，室內二氧化碳濃度始終低於1000 ppm，也驗證了增加室內使用人數可以更精準判斷換氣設備的開啟時機，並減少了換氣設備70%的使用時間。簡易型為一個分群方法找出切換不同風量的二氧化碳界限值，並運用既有的全熱交換機控制器進行界限值的設定。實驗結果表明，所訂定的界限600與700ppm 確實能有效的控制全熱交換機運轉風量大小，並驗證了全熱交換機二氧化碳濃度界限訂定能降低11%的能源消耗。
在不同季節使用策略，本研究建議夏季以機械換氣設備作為主要的換氣方式，二氧化碳濃度則是控制機械換氣的主要方法，如遇換氣不足可採用自然換氣之對角開口方式降低二氧化碳濃度。在冬季以自然換氣為主機械換氣為輔，於自然換氣不足時可使用機械換氣彌補，但目前實驗結果而言，自然換氣之對角開口是足夠當前使用，但受限於空間配置問題，對角開口在講廳空間較為常見，對一般公寓或民宅是較難有的配置方式，因此，機械換氣設備顯得更為重要，可用性廣且限制性相較自然換氣少，是目前社會風氣與本研究建議之方式。

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a shift in human activities from outdoor to indoor settings. The increase in indoor activities has a significant impact on indoor air quality, making ventilation more crucial. Ventilation can improve indoor air quality and reduce the transmission of airborne infectious diseases. Natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation systems have become the main focus of evaluation. However, the assessment of natural ventilation often relies on the use of CO2 tracer gas concentration decay method, which is time-consuming and costly. On the other hand, currently available mechanical ventilation systems only offer basic controls such as on/off, timed operation, and adjustable airflow rates (high, medium, low), lacking effective control based on real-time environmental data and occupancy. Therefore, this study focuses on auditoriums and laboratories as research subjects to evaluate natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation mechanisms and develop a strategy suitable for subtropical climates.
A rapid assessment of natural ventilation air change per hour was conducted using commonly used big data analysis methods, including principal component analysis, K-means clustering, and linear regression analysis of basic lecture hall data, to explore the relationship between factor and ventilation effectiveness. The analysis results showed that the 37 lecture halls could be divided into two clustering, with the 11 tested lecture halls contributing 64.65% of the variance. When analyzing each clustering separately, the opening area showed a linear relationship with ventilation airflow rates, and the model error ranged from 6% to 12%, indicating that the basic lecture hall data could estimate the natural ventilation air change per hour.
Mechanical ventilation in this study was divided into two control methods. The intelligent control method combined internet of things and object detection to control the operation of ventilation facilities. The experimental results showed that the indoor CO2 concentration remained below 1000 ppm, validating that increased occupancy could more accurately determine the timing of ventilation facilities activation, resulting in a 70% reduction in facilities usage time. The simplified control method employed clustering to determine the threshold values for switching different airflow rates based on CO2 concentration. Existing energy recovery ventilation controllers were used to set the threshold values. The experimental results demonstrated that the set thresholds of 600 ppm and 700 ppm effectively controlled the airflow rates of the energy recovery ventilation and reduced energy consumption by 11%.
Regarding seasonal strategies, this study suggests that mechanical ventilation should be the primary ventilation method during the summer, with CO2 concentration as the main control parameter. If insufficient ventilation occurs, cross opening natural ventilation can be used to reduce CO2 concentration. During the winter, natural ventilation should be the main method with mechanical ventilation as a supplement. When natural ventilation is insufficient, mechanical ventilation can be used to compensate. However, based on the current experimental results, cross opening natural ventilation is sufficient for current usage. Due to space configuration limitations, cross openings are more common in auditorium spaces and may be less feasible in general apartments or houses. Therefore, mechanical ventilation systems are more important, as they offer broader applicability and fewer limitations compared to natural ventilation, aligning with the current societal trends and the recommendations of this study.

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