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| 研究生： |
施廷潤 Shih, Ting-Ruen |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱： |
微流體元件技術與其在奈米顆粒合成之應用 Development of Microfluidic Devices and Their Applications to Nanoparticle Synthesis |
| 指導教授： |
鍾震桂
Chung, Chen-Kuei |
| 學位類別： |
博士 Doctor |
| 系所名稱： |
工學院 - 機械工程學系 Department of Mechanical Engineering |
| 論文出版年： | 2009 |
| 畢業學年度： | 97 |
| 語文別： | 英文 |
| 論文頁數： | 124 |
| 中文關鍵詞： | 奈米粒子 、毛細力 、田口法 、混合器 、混合 |
| 外文關鍵詞： | nanoparticle, Taguchi method, capillary, micromixer, mixing |
| 相關次數： | 點閱：133 下載：2 |
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微流體系統中，流體的混合與驅動是最基本且重要的技術，本論文分別針對微型混合器與流體自驅動晶片做探討。雖然微混合器已被廣泛的研究，但大部分混合器採用複雜的多層流道結構，導致製程步驟繁瑣且不利於微流體元件間的整合。為了改善傳統混合器複雜的多層結構，本研究著重於平面式被動微混合器，可分成擋塊混合器與菱形混合器兩部份。研究方法為利用數值模擬分析幾何參數對流場與濃度場的影響，再藉由流體混合實驗進一步驗證微混合器之混合效能。在擋塊混合器方面，田口法顯示擋塊高度與混合單元數目對混合有顯著的影響性，擋塊寬度與混合室大小對流體混合相對比較不重要。當混合器流道結構為間隙比為1/8、3混合單元、擋塊寬度80微米、混合室長寬比為1時，混合效率在雷諾數低於0.1和高於40時，可達90%的混合效率。本文另一平面式微混合器為菱形流道混合器，由數值模擬結果可知，菱形數目愈多、噴嘴喉部尺寸愈小或菱形轉角尺寸愈小皆有助於流體混合。當菱形混合器為四菱形、流道寬度200微米、噴嘴喉部寬度100微米、具菱形截角結構時，混合器在總流量為1987.2 μl/min時，可達85%的混合效率。
本論文第二部份為毛細驅動流體晶片製作。傳統毛細力驅動之微流體晶片一般以高分子材料(例如SU-8或PDMS)製作流道，常採用表面改質方式增進材料親水性達到流體驅動目的。但其缺點為材料表面隨時間增加親水性將迅速消失。本論文主要貢獻為直接選用高親水性之材料(玻璃與液晶高分子)製作自驅動晶片，達到長時效親水與驅動目的，可避免親水性隨時間衰減或消失，而導致無法驅動流體之缺點。將本研究所製作的玻璃、液晶高分子晶片以去離子水、血漿、全血做流動測試，其平均流動速度分別為9.52、4.88和1.89 mm/s，去離子水流動速度最快，全血流動速度最慢。
本論文第三部份為利用溶膠-凝膠法，在連續式合成系統中合成二氧化矽奈米粒子。此合成系統因整合了擋塊型微混合器，可快速且均勻的混合反應流體。此連續式系統更採用直徑為毫米等級之反應流道，改善連續式合成晶片低產量之缺點。本研究分別針對不同的氨濃度、水濃度與反應溫度等因子做探討。結果顯示，當氨濃度愈小、水濃度愈高與反應溫度愈高將可合成粒徑較小且粒徑分佈較集中的奈米粒子。
In microfluidic systems, mixing and driving are two basic and important techniques. In this thesis, author focus on the researches of planar micromixers and capillary-driven chip. Most of proposed micromixers are multilayer structure and complex fabrication process. They are difficult to be integrated with others microfluidic devices. In order to improve above disadvantages, obstacled micromixers and rhombic micromixers with planar structures are proposed. Results show an obstacled micromixer with gap ratio of 1/8, three mixing units, obstacled width of 80 μm and square chamber can achieve high mixing efficiency over 90% at Re > 40. Much improved mixing can also be obtained at low Reynolds number (Re < 0.1) by molecular diffusion. The other planar design is the rhombic micromixer. Simulation results show higher mixing efficiency can be achieved by more rhombus, smaller throat width, and smaller turning width. In the combination of 4 rhombi, throat width of 100 μm, rhombic channel width of 200 μm and turning width of 100 μm, mixing efficiency of 85% can be obtained at Re 119.
Second part in this thesis is the fabrication of the capillary-driven microfluidic chip with long-term hydrophilic property. In general, micropumps are often integrated to microchip to drive high-viscosity liquids, such as whole blood and blood plasma. However, a moving part in the micropump results in complex design and difficult fabrication. Hence, the capillary-driven microfluidic chip without moving parts is long-awaited because of simpler design and power-free operation. In this research, glass slide and LCP film were used to fabricate the capillary-driven chip because of the high hydrophilic property without using any surface modification treatments. Flow behavior of various viscosity fluids had been tested. Average moving velocities of DI water, blood plasma and whole blood are 9.52 mm/s, 4.88 mm/s and 1.89 mm/s, respectively. This chip can actuate high-viscosity blood which is generally driven by external syringe pumps or micropumps.
Third part in this thesis is the nanoparticle synthesis by a continuous-flow system. An mm-scale aging channel and obstacled micromixer were combined as a high-throughput silica synthesis system for overcoming the disadvantage of low production rate in micro-scale synthesis systems and non-homogeneous mixing in the batch system. Synthesis experiments were carried out for getting narrower size distribution under different recipes and reaction temperatures. Results show smaller nanoparticle and narrow size distribution can be obtained under lower ammonia concentrations, higher water concentration and higher reaction temperature. Larger inner diameters of ageing tubes can give smaller nanoparticles and narrower size distribution.
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