全球進入太陽能「新時代」，各國紛紛提出各種減量策略，而太陽能具備低度環境衝擊的潔淨特性，故各國皆積極推動，台灣政府也致力於推廣再生能源，希望再生能源比率可以佔總發電量的20%。台灣地處亞熱帶地區日照充足且地勢廣闊的環境條件及相關技術發展逐漸成熟，加上近年來政府以政策支持鼓勵太陽能及儲能的設置，非常適合微電網系統開發。但由於太陽能及儲能初期建置成本較高，如何選擇規劃最佳太陽能容量以及儲能配置將是影響微電網規畫主要因素之一，並利用經濟誘因影響民間投資微電網儲能，持續刺激微電網的發展，將是十分重要的推動模式。
利用一套太陽能模組、儲能系統與柴油發電機之小型再生能源發電系統，本論文研究各式不同設備設置情境下，如何在臺灣防災型微電網規劃出最佳的再生能源發電系統配置狀況，並探討其系統運轉後之經濟效益。以個案公司實際在牡丹鄉建置小型太陽能儲能系統案例，透過蒐集偏鄉用電資料與分析，與專家進行相關評估，如饋線、遮陰、發電量及歷史資料定義出環境與社會、技術及經濟相關參數、決策變數及限制式建立一套數學模型，不但可滿足該地區每月平均負載及發電量下取得含儲能及柴油發電設備之太陽能發電系統，計算最佳太陽能系統儲能系統建置成本。若能控制好各項因子，則具有投資效益。經本研究模擬結果，以牡丹鄉的太陽能光電儲能實際案例比較，以數學規劃法取得最佳解並節省21.03%建置成本。透過社會回饋經濟效益敏感度分析，顯示社會回饋顯著影響微電網建置經濟效益，若未來太陽光發電設備及儲能技術進步而提升設備效率且降低成本，使微電網建置更具經濟效益。本文所進行之分析步驟與方法，可供本公司微電網開發案以及防災型微電網相關業者做為參考與借鏡，有助於微電網系統之發展。

關鍵字: 太陽能系統，儲能，數學規劃法，經濟效益

Photovoltaic (PV) energy is becoming mainstream markets since it is a comparably clean energy with low environmental impact. By using a set of photovoltaic system with energy storage and diesel generator, a small renewable energy generation system could be developed. However, due to the high initial construction cost, how to choose suitable photovoltaic energy capacity and storage configuration are major concerns in planning of micro-grid. The use of economic incentives to influence private investment in micro-grid storage is an important issue.
The purpose of this research is to propose a holistic framework to design an optimal configuration of renewable energy system in the hazard mitigation micro-grid under different circumstances, We then investigate the economic benefits/cost analysis for the system after operation. A case study in MUDAN county, Taiwan, to implement a small photovoltaic energy storage system is discussed. By collecting and analyzing data of electricity consumption, feeder, shading, power generation and historical data in the rural areas, a mathematical model is developed to calculate the optimal set-up cost of the system. For the case study, the optimal solution obtained saved 21.03% comparing to the real case. Through the sensitivity analysis of social feedback and economic benefits, it shows that social feedback significantly affects the economic benefits of micro-grid construction.

Keyword: Photovoltaic energy system, energy storage, mathematical method, economic efficiency

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