情境式理論認為工作滿意是源自於工作特性，最著名的是Hackman & Oldham的工作特性模式，相反地氣質式理論提出工作滿意是僅與人格特質相關，與工作特性無關，互動式模式則認為人與環境的配合都會影響到員工的工作滿意。企業經營目的在於追求利潤，但在整體營運活動本質上是以人為中心，因此員工的人格特質都可能會影響到工作上的表現，而各職務的特性與各階層主管的領導也可能對員工的工作滿意有一些影響。本研究目的是要以實證測試互動式理論是否合用，即是探討對工作特性模式而言，工作人員的人格特質、認知風格是否可以當成適當的調節變數。
本研究以台灣中油公司煉製研究所及探採研究所為對象，其員工包含技術操作、研究發展及行政管理層面等，藉由層級分配然後隨機抽樣問卷回答，取得有效樣本120份，利用複廽歸分析取得各參數來分析。最終發現單獨以工作特性構面難以當成工作滿意構面的預測者，但如果以人格特質或(及)認知風格為調節變數時，工作滿意可以被一個多變量模式適當地來表達。

Situational theory assumed that job satisfaction was derived from job characteristics. The most notable one was the Hackman & Oldham’s Job Characteristics Model. On the other hand, dispositional theory described that job satisfaction was influenced only by the personality and was irrelevant to the job characteristics. Interactional theory stated that person-environment fit should be considered in job satisfaction study. While the primary objective of the enterprise operation is to pursue profit, it has to be reminded, however, that the overall activity is indeed people-oriented. Employee’s personal traits, therefore, are likely to affect work performance, and job characteristics, leadership and other factors may also have impact on job satisfaction. The objective of this study is to test whether the dispositional theory is applicable. In other words, this is to confirm whether personality and cognitive style could be adopted as moderator variables in the Job Characteristics Model.
In this study, we asked a sample of staff from two research institutes of Taiwan's CPC, a major oil giant in the island, to fill up adequate questionnaire. This was done by stratified sampling and then random sampling. Engineers and technicians in technical services, research development and administrative levels were included. A valid sample of 120 responses was collected and analyzed by multiple regressions. It was found that job characteristics dimension alone was not an effective predictor for the job satisfaction dimension. With personality and/or cognitive style as moderators, job satisfaction could be reasonably presented by a multivariable model.

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