背景：人口高齡化使得失智人口增加，許多居住於鄉村的失智症家庭較難取得資源。因此，探知鄉村失智家庭照顧需求及提供支持照護策略顯得重要。
研究目的：旨在瞭解(1)鄉村地區失智家庭各層面照顧問題，並檢驗失智嚴重程度與照顧需求之差異；(2)介入家庭照顧者失智症複合式支持計畫，並測試其可行性。
研究方法：採混合式研究法於南臺灣鄉村地區進行兩階段研究，第一階段為使用方便取樣調查失智家庭的照顧需求，使用失智照顧需求量表進行橫斷性研究；第二階段提供為期六周的複合式照顧者支持計畫(交錯進行各三次之支持團體及個別諮詢)，並於個別諮詢前參考第一階段收集之照顧需求資料以快速了解需求。以照顧者負擔量表、支持團體及諮詢服務滿意度量表，以及非參與觀察法與焦點團體訪談法進行可行性測試，分別於介入前(T1)、介入後(T2)、介入後三個月(T3)進行資料收集。量性資料使用描述性統計、無母數檢定及單因子變異數分析進行資料分析；質性結果則使用內容分析法進行分析。
研究結果：第一階段共收集84對失智家庭，發現：1.失智者照顧問題以精神行為症狀頻次最高(88.1%)，其次依序為危險狀況(81%)、睡眠問題(72.6%)與進食問題(65.5%)，且問題多集中於中重度失智階段；缺乏足夠的活動安排，以健腦活動最為缺乏。2.家庭照顧者之照顧需求為照顧知識與技巧、心理情緒與社會資源運用。3.不同失智階段照顧者之「照顧負荷」與「溝通技巧需求」有顯著差異(p<.05)。第二階段共有24位家庭照顧者參與研究，其中實驗組8位、控制組16位。支持計畫之可行性測試後發現：鄉村地區失智家庭有獲得支持服務之必要性(需求面)，雖執行複合式支持計畫過程遇到某些困境(執行面)，照顧者對於支持團體之接受度較侷限(可接受性)，但個別諮詢為較可行的服務方案。此外，本研也發現複合式支持計畫能為照顧者帶來額外的收穫(實用性)。
結論：本研究發現鄉村失智家庭有多面向的照顧需求，但因為較封閉故不易介入照護服務。建議未來於鄉村地區實施支持計畫前，能找到當地的「關鍵人物」，成為照顧者可信賴的溝通橋梁，並透過教育來強化照顧者對疾病的認知；也建議可提供個別諮詢服務及視需要進一步介入支持團體。

With the population aging, there were growing numbers of PwDs. However, many family with PwD had difficulty accessing resources in rural areas. Therefore, it is important to identify care needs and provide support strategies for rural family with PwD. The study aims to: (1) identify care problems of family with PwD and examine the differences between care needs and dementia stages, and (2) investigate the feasibility of the multicomponent support program. A two phases mixed methods study was conducted in rural southern Taiwan. A cross-sectional study was conducted using care needs of family with PwD in phase I. A six-week support program including support group and individual consultation based on the findings of needs in Phase I was alternately held in phase II. Data were collected using quantitative questionnaire (CCBI and satisfaction), nonparticipant observation and focus group interview. 84 dyads of care recipients and informal caregivers were recruited in phase I. The results showed: 1. PwDs had multi‑dimensional care problems, of which BPSD was the most common problem (88.1%). 2. Caregivers had diverse needs including dementia knowledge, mental support and social resources. 3. "Caregiver burden" and "communication skills needs" were significantly different at different dementia stages (p< .05). In addition, 24 FCGs participated in phase II. The feasibility test revealed that it was necessary to provide support services to meet diverse demands of family of PwD (Demand). Although there were multiple barriers (Implementation) and caregivers were not preferred support group (Acceptability), individual consultation was still feasible. Besides, caregivers had additional benefits except for "caregiver burden" (Practicality). This study provided preliminary evidence for the feasibility of implementing support program in rural areas. Further studies are needed with larger samples.

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