隨著全球對環境永續議題的日益重視，蘊含碳已成為鋪面工程設計中的關鍵考量。然而，國內市區道路設計仍多依賴傳統經驗法，普遍缺乏對鋪面結構力學行為及蘊含碳的綜合評估。鑑於市區道路因其龐大的總量體與高頻率的維護需求，在減碳方面具備顯著潛力，本研究旨在建構一套適用於台灣市區道路的整合性設計評估架構，在設計階段即導入結構性能與環境衝擊的雙重考量。為此，本研究結合本土化參數與力學分析工具（MultiSmart3D），並應用AASHTO MEPDG 之績效預測模型，進行鋪面長期績效（含疲勞裂縫、車轍與國際糙度指標）的力學-經驗模擬分析。同時，採用生命週期評估方法，彙整國內外文獻資料，以量化不同鋪面材料與結構組合之蘊含碳。進一步利用複雜系統響應法，建立一組連結關鍵設計參數（如交通量、行車速度、鋪面厚度與材料類型）與總體碳排放的預測模型。
鋪面結構研究結果顯示，鋪面厚度與行車速度是影響結構性能的關鍵因子，其中增加面層厚度可以有效降低應變與裂縫的產生；而車轍與 IRI 則對總厚度變化更為敏感。此外，低速行駛將顯著加劇鋪面劣化。在碳足跡方面，溫拌瀝青因其較低的製程溫度，相較於傳統熱拌瀝青可減少碳足跡；再生瀝青因其使用再生粒料也可減少碳足跡；而水泥處理底層雖具較高結構剛性，但其蘊含碳高於其他材料，凸顯了材料工法選擇在低碳設計中的重要性。
研究根據模擬結果，建立了台灣市區道路鋪面之碳排放基線，可作為未來設計方案的評估基準。同時，利用複雜系統響應法開發出一組連結關鍵設計參數與碳排放的預測回歸公式。此一整合性評估方法與量化工具，不僅能協助設計者在規劃初期即取得結構性能與環境衝擊的平衡 ，更為推動台灣道路工程的永續發展提供堅實的參考依據。

With growing concerns over global climate change and environmental sustainability, carbon emissions have become a critical consideration in pavement design. Urban roadways, characterized by their dense layout and frequent maintenance requirements, represent a key target for emission reduction. However, current pavement design practices still primarily rely on empirical methods and lack a comprehensive integration of structural response and environmental performance.
This study presents an integrated methodology that incorporates both pavement performance and carbon emission assessment into the early stages of urban roadway design. A localized mechanistic–empirical analysis framework was established by integrating the MultiSmart3D with empirical performance models from the AASHTO MEPDG. key pavement responses, including cracking, rutting, and the International Roughness Index (IRI), were simulated under various combinations of vehicle speed, traffic loading, and structural layer stiffness.
To quantify the environmental impact, carbon emissions associated with various pavement structures were estimated using life cycle assessment (LCA), referencing Taiwan’s localized carbon footprint database along with literature-based emission factors from other countries. A carbon baseline was established for typical urban pavement cross-sections. Subsequently, the Complex System Response (CSR) method was employed to construct a regression model incorporating key design variables such as layer thickness, traffic load, material type, and vehicle speed. The proposed approach offers a decision-support tool that facilitates the integration of environmental considerations into the pavement design process. By combining structural performance simulation with carbon emission analysis, the results enable a more sustainable and optimized approach to urban pavement planning.

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