本研究分為兩部分，第一部分為加入線性高分子雙離子甲基丙烯酸磺基甜菜鹼(PSBMA)至帶有正電荷四級銨根的單體 META、帶有負電荷磺酸根的單體 AMPS及交聯劑PEGDA所聚合成之半互穿網絡高分子雙離子電解質(ZSIPNE)與未添加PSBMA之雙離子高分子電解質(ZPE)進行比較。PSBMA的添加能使高分子電解質內的非自由水比例增加及半互穿網絡的結構形成，使其在低溫下仍有離子通道供離子傳輸及分子間作用力的增加，造就ZSIPNE在低溫下仍有良好的比電容及離子導電度表現與機械強度的增強。材料分析的部分透過DMA分析，ZPE及ZSIPNE之韌性為9.53 MPa及11.76 MPa，楊氏模數為0.784 MPa及0.154 MPa，結果顯示ZSIPNE擁有較好的機械性質；透過拉曼分析可得知，ZSIPNE中非自由水的比例比ZPE高出了14%；利用DSC分析，ZSIPNE能有效將非自由水的結冰溫度自ZPE的-14.3 ℃延後至-21.2 ℃，證實了ZSIPNE結構中之非自由水比例較高，增加水膠電解質的抗凍能力，與拉曼結果相符。電化學的部分，從Arrhenius plot可以看出，ZSIPNE折點的產生從原本的-10 ℃延後至-20℃，此現象的產生是因為ZSIPNE結構中之非自由水比例較高，亦與DSC及拉曼的結果相符。超級電容部分，當溫度從25 ℃降低至-40 ℃時，C-ZPE及C-ZSIPNE的電容保存率分別為18 %及43 %，在-40 ℃下離子導電度則分別為8.16 mS cm-1及28.5 mS cm-1，儲能表現方面，在-40 ℃以6 A/g的充放電下C-ZPE及C-ZSIPNE的比電容分別為30 F/g和108 F/g，比能量密度分別為16.7 Wh/g及90.4 Wh/g，在低溫下C-ZSIPNE的各項表現皆較為優異。
第二部分則是為了解決羧甲基纖維素(CMC)黏著劑在低溫下會結凍的問題，因此將CMC改植為CMC-SBMA並以ZSIPNE作為電解質並進行低溫電化學分析，在-40 ℃下的電容保存率從原先的43%大幅提升至66%，最後選擇以ZSIPNE作為電解質，CMC-SBMA作為黏著劑組裝之超級電容在-20 ℃下進行循環充放電測試，在進行3000圈充放電後仍有90.2%之電容維持度。本研究證實了使用雙離子型高分子電解質及黏著劑，可有效增強超級電容在低溫下之表現及機械性質。

This study was divided to two parts. In the first part, zwitterionic semi-interpenetrating network electrolyte (ZSIPNE) was synthesized by negative charge monomer (AMPS), positive charge monomer (META) with the addition of a linear zwitterionic polymer PSBMA. Both the electrolytes are soaked in 17M NaClO4. DMA showed that ZPE and ZSIPNE had a toughness of 9.53 MPa and 11.76 MPa, Young’s modulus of 0.784 MPa and 0.154 MPa. Raman showed that ZSIPNE had 14% proportion of non-freezable water higher than ZPE. For electrochemical test, when the temperature was lowered from 25 ℃ to -40 ℃, the capacitance retention of ZPE and ZSIPNE were 43% and 18%, and the ion conductivity at -40 ℃ were 28.5 mS cm-1 and 8.16 mS cm-1.PSBMA addition resulted in the increasing in the proportion of bound water in the polymer electrolyte and the formation of a semi-interpenetrating network structure, which maintained ion channels for ion mobility and increased intermolecular interactions at low temperature, resulting in improved capacitance, ion conductivity, and mechanical strength of ZSIPNE.
In the second part, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) adhesive was modified to CMC-SBMA to address the problem of CMC adhesive freezing at low temperature. ZSIPNE was used as the electrolyte for electrochemical analysis at -40 ℃. The capacitance retention rate increased significantly from 43% to 66%.

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