番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）屬於茄科，是全球產量排名第三的蔬菜作物，同時具有生長期相對較短且產量較高的作物。但是全球暖化造成的衝擊，尤其是熱逆境(Heat stress)，對番茄的產量和品質產生嚴重負面影響。為了解決番茄對高溫敏感的問題, 本研究以一功能未知R2R3-MYB轉錄因子SolyR2R3MYBS10-X為研究對象，從基因共表現網絡分析，推斷這新穎轉錄因子可能參與調控次級代謝黃酮類化合物合成相關基因，黃酮類化合物已知對植物生長發育及抵抗環境逆境扮演重要角色。本實驗藉由SolyR2R3MYBS10-X大量表現及基因剃除轉植株的建構，探討SolyR2R3MYBS10-X是否參與查耳酮-黃烷酮異構酶chalcone-flavanone isomerase基因調控，參與柚皮素naringenin生合成增加番茄在生殖生長期間耐熱能力。柚皮素也是合成其他類黃酮素關鍵中間產物，利用外源噴灑柚皮素，實驗結果證明柚皮素可顯著提升耐熱品種CLN1621L的花粉活力、萌發率及結實與種子數，然而，對熱敏感品種CA4則未觀察到明顯改善，顯示其效應依基因型而異。於熱逆境下，攜帶外源基因載體的農桿菌存活與生長優於空載體，顯示外源基因可能對熱逆境有潛在效益。在植物再生方面，子葉能成功誘導形成癒傷組織與不定芽，但根誘導及完整植株重建仍須進一步優化。本研究結果不僅提供番茄熱逆境分子及生理調控的新見解，也為耐逆境品種育種及外源黃酮類調控的應用提出具體發展方向。

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) belongs to the Solanaceae family and is the third most widely produced vegetable crop worldwide. It is also a crop with a relatively short growth cycle and high yield. However, the impacts of global warming, particularly heat stress, have severely affected tomato yield and quality. To address tomato sensitivity to high temperature, this study focuses on a functionally uncharacterized R2R3-MYB transcription factor, SolyR2R3MYBS10-X. Based on gene co-expression network analysis, this novel transcription factor is predicted to regulate genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis. Flavonoids are known to play critical roles in plant growth, development, and tolerance to environmental stresses. In this study, transgenic plants overexpressing and knocking out SolyR2R3MYBS10-X were generated to investigate whether this gene regulates chalcone–flavanone isomerase (CHI) and contributes to the biosynthesis of naringenin, thereby enhancing heat tolerance during the reproductive growth in tomato. Naringenin is also a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of other flavonoids. Through exogenous application of naringenin, our results demonstrated that naringenin significantly improved pollen viability, germination rate, fruit set, and seed number in the heat-tolerant cultivar CLN1621L. In contrast, no significant improvement was observed in the heat-sensitive cultivar CA4, indicating that the effect is genotype-dependent. Under heat stress conditions, Agrobacterium carrying the exogenous gene construct exhibited better survival and growth than those with an empty vector, suggesting that the introduced gene may confer potential benefits under heat stress. In terms of plant regeneration, cotyledons successfully induced callus formation and adventitious shoot development; however, root induction and complete plant regeneration still require further optimization. Overall, the findings of this study provide new molecular and physiological insights into tomato heat stress regulation and offer promising directions for stress-tolerant breeding and the application of exogenous flavonoid regulation.

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