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研究生: 陳柏勝
Chen, Po-Sheng
論文名稱: 802.11通訊標準下無線多媒體存取層(MAC)之DCF分析-使用SDL
Analysis of the DCF Protocol of the IEEE 802.11 Standard using SDL
指導教授: 郭文光
Kuo, Wen-Kuang
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系碩士在職專班
Department of Electrical Engineering (on the job class)
論文出版年: 2011
畢業學年度: 99
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 108
中文關鍵詞: SDL802.11DCFFSM
外文關鍵詞: SDL, 802.11, DCF, FSM
相關次數: 點閱:108下載:1
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  • Specification and Description Language的SDL標準由Z.100建議裡的ITU(International Telecommunication Union)所訂製出的標準。
    在SDL-92里,是由系統(system)包含內部區塊(blocks)的模型架構所描繪出。每一個區塊(block)內部可能包含了區塊(block)或是處理(process)。每一個處理(process)包含了一個擴充有限狀態機(extended finite state machine)。狀態機的溝通是藉由通道(channel)之間的訊號(signal)或是訊號轉換、傳遞(signal route)做聯繫。
    SDL使用圖形化的語言介面能夠提供使用者一種視覺化的的設計模型,以取代只使用文字符號的標記方式。SDL 提供圖形結構特性(區塊...等),狀態機和透過訊號來表示通訊系統內的溝通,此方式是一般程式語言,如C++或是Java所無法達到的。
    在模型建構與完成期間,因為SDL會定義完整的語意,因此SDL能夠使用手邊有力的工具快速地作確認和除錯,工具就包含有編譯器和模擬器,能夠快速地對模型做修正。
    可在執行前先找到錯誤並修正。SDL模擬器提供高能力除錯特色,從符號與符號之間依循序方式去自動模擬使用各種的對策(隨機、完整、微調、軌跡...等)做結合來自動偵測。模擬的初稿可自動對設計的內容做重新放映般的測試以及SDL模擬產生出SDL的行為,接著會有MSCs的模擬軌跡以驗證設計是否正確。
    本論文針對已較為成熟之通訊協定IEEE 802.11來做SDL軟體編輯以及將轉為一般工程常用之程式語言-C之語法;除由SDL自行轉換之外我們還將所轉換之方式修正為我們一般工程師或研究人員之設計方式以利比較其差異性。

    ITU in SDL standard of Specification and Description Language is proposed by Z.100 (International Telecommunication Union) Standards worked out.

    In SDL-92, it is by the system Include the internal block Model structural depict. Every block in the inside may include of other blocks or processes. Every process included a extended finite state machine. The communication of the state machine is with the pass the channels during signal (signals) or the signal is changed and transmitted (signal routes) to contact each other. SDL language use graphic interface to design any system model of visual by user, instead use other remark measure of any computer program languages to design it. SDL offers the structural characteristic of the figure, the state machine and communication via signals method form communication system, this way is a general program language like C ++ or Java can't to reach. During in process to finish in the model,
    Because SDL will define intact semanteme and SDL can check and debug quickly by strong tool near it, the tool includes compiler and simulator and can modify the design model fast.

    SDL can find the mistake and revise before execute the program. The fature of SDL simulator offer high performance to debug. Among in the symbols to automatic simulation sequence and use various countermeasures (random, complete, fine-tuning, trace ...etc.) to Combine them and examining to automate. The draft of simulation don't return, besides allow automatic to make content design the program and the SDL simulation show again, then produce various behavior of SDL. After simulation, there are moulds of MSCs prove trace to verify the designs correct or not.

    In this thesis is design program by SDL software, in the program is ripe communication protocol IEEE 802.11 recently, to editor on the market, and will transfer to a grammar of a program language with commonly used general project - C. Beside which we will also change except changing oneself by SDL to modify the generage program from SDL in order to compare difference between the different program for engineers or researcher.

    目錄 第1章 緒論 1 1.1、背景 1 1.2、研究動機 1 1.3、論文架構 2 第2章 802.11通訊架構 3 2.1、IEEE 802.11概論 3 2.2、無線網路服務 4 2.3、802.11 無線區域網路技術 5 2.3.1、基礎架構無線網路 5 2.3.2、媒介存取控制層(MAC) 6 2.3.3、協調式功能機制(Coordination Function) 7 2.3.4、訊框傳送層級技術 9 2.3.5、後退機制(Back-off Windows) 11 2.3.6、RTS/CTS(Request To Send/Clear To Send) 14 第3章 SDL(Specification and Description Language)規格描述語言 16 3.1、通訊系統生效 16 3.2、掌握複雜系統開發之SDL語言 18 3.2.1、SDL之架構 18 3.2.2、SDL之優勢 19 3.3、模擬系統之生命週期 20 3.4、SDL之概觀 24 3.5、SDL語言之指令與功能 27 3.5.1、SDL架構系統(System)、區塊(block)與處理(process) 27 3.5.2、SDL之宣告範圍 29 3.5.3、處理(Process) 29 3.5.4、程序(Procedure) 31 3.6、SDL之內部通訊 32 3.6.1、訊號(Signal) 32 3.6.2、通道(Channel) 33 3.6.3、訊號路徑(Signal Route) 34 3.7、SDL之內部行為 35 3.7.1、轉換之架構內容 35 3.7.2、開始(Start) 36 3.7.3、狀態(States) 37 3.7.4、輸入(Input) 39 3.7.5、儲存(Save) 40 3.7.6、變數(Variable) 42 3.7.7、停止(Stop) 43 3.7.8、任務(Task) 43 3.7.9、建立(Crate) 44 3.7.10、輸出(Output) 45 3.7.11、判別(Decision) 48 3.7.12、計時器(Timer) 49 3.8、資料型態 50 3.8.1、陣列(Array) 50 3.8.2、同義字與同型態陣列(Array) 51 3.8.3、自定資料型態 51 3.8.4、原意(Literals) 51 3.8.5、結構(Struct) 52 3.8.6、運作特性(Operator signature) 52 3.9、模組與一般化之建構 53 3.9.1、封裝(package) 53 3.9.2、型態(types)、請求(instances)與閘道(gates) 53 3.9.3、區塊型態(Block type) 54 3.9.4、處理型態(process types) 54 3.9.5、特別化(Specialization) 55 第4章 轉換結果 56 4.1、802.11傳輸流程 56 4.2、SDL實作802.11通訊協定 59 4.3、DCF內之SDL內部傳送、接收與控制架構 62 4.3.1、DCF之FSM(Finite State Machine) 63 4.3.2、區塊圖 68 4.3.3、程式分析 84 4.4、軟體操作介面 102 4.4.1、轉換介面 102 4.4.2、SDL轉換之程式架構關係 105 第5章 結論 107 參考文獻 108

    [1] Matthew S.Gast, 「802.11 Wireless Networks: The Definitive Guide, 2e」, O'Reilly Media Inc.Taiwan Branch Jan.2007

    [2] George Wai Wong, 「Quality of Service Enhancements in IEEE 802.11 Wireless LANs」

    [3] LAN/MAN Standards Committee of the IEEE Computer Society, 「IEEE Standard for Information technology-Telecommunications and information exchange between systems-Local and metropolitan area networks-Specific requirements Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications」

    [4] Jing Deng, Zhiguo Zhang, Sreekanth Pagadala, and Pramod K. Varshney 「Protecting MANETs from Spurious CTS Attacks with Randomized Carrier Sensing」

    [5] 王昱淇,林政翰,梁浩銘,謝錫堃, 「IEEE 802.11無線網路倒退機制演算法之公平性探討」

    [6] Constantin Werner, Xiaoming Fu, and Dieter Hogrefe, 「Modeling route change in soft-state signaling protocols using SDL: a case of RSVP」

    [7] Astrid Nyeng, 「The CCITT Specification and Description Language-SDL」

    [8] Laurent Doldi, 「Validation of communications systems with SDL: the art of SDL simulation and Reachability Analysis」

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