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研究生: 簡源杉
Chien, Yuan-Shan
論文名稱: 以單應性變換為基礎之汽車全景系統
A Homography Transformation-based Car Surround View System
指導教授: 王明習
Wang, Ming-Shi
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 工程科學系碩士在職專班
Department of Engineering Science (on the job class)
論文出版年: 2016
畢業學年度: 104
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 61
中文關鍵詞: 單應性變換鳥瞰轉換相機校正汽車環景補助系統
外文關鍵詞: homography transformation, aerial image, Camera calibration, car surround view system
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  • 汽車產業經過一百多年來的發展,最重要的引擎科技已大致驅近於完美階段,很難再有快速的進步。因此很多車廠皆將焦點放在,行駛的主動與被動安全之上。汽車環景補助系統是近年來頗受關注的行車安全輔助系統。汽車環景補助系統,是借由安裝環繞在汽車周圍四個到六個攝影機,將這些攝影機所取得的影像接合成一個能顯示汽車周圍環境的環景圖。希望提供駕駛人一個沒有視線死角的汽車周遭景物資訊,對於狹路會車,避免碰撞,以及停車的方便性,皆提供了適當的幫助。本研究的目標為探討,如何將裝在汽車周圍的攝影機所拍攝的廣角或魚眼影像,接合成一個汽車環景影像。並在環景影像上標記距離刻度,讓駕駛人可以參考車身與週遭之物件之間的距離。為實驗方便,本研究使用一個由角鋼組成的台車,其上裝四個魚眼攝影機,以模擬一台裝設四個攝影機的汽車,實作一個環景行車補助系統。駕駛者可借由本系統提供的環景影像,辦別汽車周圍的環境。

    Under hundred year’s development, the engine technology of auto industry is very difficult to have substantial improvement. Today, most of the vehicle industries are concerned about the active and passive safety systems. Car surround view system is one of the passive safety systems recent years concerned to provide the driver with the information around the car. A car surround system usually uses 4 to 6 cameras installed around the vehicle, the images from these cameras are stitched to obtain a 360° surround view which can show the environment around the vehicle. The goal of this study is to develop a car surround view system based on homography transformation. The system is consisted of four fish-eye cameras each with 170 degrees of field of view, which are installed around the car. The four distorted images are corrected and then stitched to obtain a 360° surround view around the car to provide the driver with the environment information around the vehicle. A scale system is also marked to provide the distance information for the driver.

    中文摘要 I 英文摘要 II 致謝 IV 圖目錄 VII 第一章 緒論 1 1. 1 前言 1 1. 2 研究動機與目的 3 1. 3 論文架構 4 第二章 文獻探討與背景理論 5 2.1 相關研究與文獻探討 5 2.2 比較與改進 9 2.3 攝影機模型 9 2.3.1 攝影機內參數 10 2.3.2透鏡畸變 10 2.4 相機校正 13 2.5 全景相機校正 14 2.5.1.全景相機校正工具 14 2.5.2. OCamCalib 相機校正簡易模型 16 2.6 單應性變換 18 2.7 影像匹配 20 第三 章汽車環景補助系統 23 3.1 影像校正 24 3.2 鳥瞰圖轉換 25 3.3 影像匹配 27 3.4 投影變換以及影像匹配同時進行 31 3.5 鳥瞰座標系棋盤格座標 34 3.6 全景影像接合 37 3.7 距離校正 40 第四章 實驗結果與討論 42 4.1 實驗環境 42 4.2 實驗結果 47 4.3 鳥瞰轉換與影像接合分析 56 第五章 結論 58 5.1 結論 58 5.2 未來展望 58 參考文獻 60

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