研究背景
氣管內插管(endotracheal intubation)是臨床常見且重要的處置，插管失敗帶來的後遺症可能會相當慘烈。所以能在插管前利用病人的基本資料、外觀跟解剖學的構造，搭配簡單的理學檢查來判別病患插管可能花費的時間及是否為困難插管，提早做更萬全的準備，是增進插管成功率和病人安全的重要手段。

研究目的
以台灣人口為主的族群，找出與插管花費的時間有高度相關的預測因子，並嘗試建構預測模型。

材料與方法
這是一個前瞻性觀察型研究(prospective observational study)，於2011年11月至2014年12月之間，觀察需要插管全身麻醉的病患，於手術前收集他們的基本資料及呼吸道評估資料，作為插管時間的預測因子，並於執行插管過程中詳實記錄插管所花費的時間，之後分析其之間的關聯性，找出相關性高的預測因子。

研究結果
整個研究收集了1095位受試者，女性占了715位(65.3%)，有1045個(95.4%)病患是第一次插管就成功的，而有21位(1.9%)是需要嘗試3次或以上的插管，並沒有完全插不上的個案。其中年齡、張口(mouth open)大小、Modified Mallampati Score、chin-chest test和頸椎穩定度都對插管時間有顯著的影響。

研究結論
研究結果可以提供臨床醫師在氣管插管前對病患做一個簡單且快速的評估，找出耗時且困難插管的高危險群，並做好充分的準備，減少非預期困難插管的發生跟可能的傷害。

SUMMARY

This is a prospective observational study to search some reliable and important factors that could predict the difficulty or duration of intubation. We recruited patients who were scheduled to undergo surgery with tracheal intubation and general anesthesia. Thereafter we collected their airway-related information and intubation time, then regression models were created to identify which factor has significant effect with intubation time. We have proved some airway factors has its impact on the time delayed during tracheal intubation, including mouth open distance, Modified Mallampati Score, chin-chest test, and cervical spine stability. These predictive factors will facilitate the development of strategic plans for airway management later.

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