本論文探討了珍妮特．費祺的《白色夾竹桃》中多元的母職樣貌，著重在單身母親和寄養母親身份，以及兩者對主角個人成長和藝術發展的影響。首先，本文透過分析雅絲卓·梅紐辛與她被監禁的單身母親英格莉的關係，並借鑒美國單親母職理論來理解母女關係的複雜性。接著，探究雅絲卓在寄養過程所接觸的寄養母親們，檢視不同的母職形象如何影響她的自我認知和韌性。最後，總結這些母職表現對雅絲卓個人成長和藝術抱負的影響，引用了藝術發展和女性藝術身份的理論。本文旨在闡明多元的母職樣貌如何深刻地塑造青少年自我認同和藝術成就等各個面向的發展。

This thesis explores the multifaceted theme of motherhood in Janet Fitch’s White Oleander, examining both single motherhood and foster motherhood, and their impacts on the protagonist Astrid Magnussen’s personal growth and artistic development. The first chapter analyzes Astrid’s relationship with her incarcerated, single mother, Ingrid, drawing on theories of American single motherhood to understand its complexities. The second chapter examines Astrid’s relationships with foster mothers, assessing how different maternal figures influence her self-perception and resilience. The final chapter delves into the maternal influence on Astrid’s personal growth and artistic aspirations, considering theories of artistic development and female artistic identity. This thesis endeavors to contribute to the understanding of how diverse manifestations of motherhood significantly impact the multifaceted development of adolescents, particularly in regard to self-discovery and artistic fulfillment.

Ambrosini, Alessandra, and Giovanni Stanghellini. “Myths of Motherhood. The Role of Culture in the Development of Postpartum Depression.” Annali Dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanità 48 (2012): 277-286.
Bergson, Henri, Nancy Margaret Paul, and W. Scott Palmer. Matter and Memory. Courier Corporation, 2004. Print.
Boyd, Carol J. “Mothers and Daughters: A Discussion of Theory and Research.” Journal of Marriage and the Family (1989): 291-301.
Callanan, Laura. “‘Three Cheers for Eve’: Feminism, Capitalism, and Artistic Subjectivity in Janet Fitch's White Oleander.” Women's Studies 37.5 (2008): 495-518.
Chodorow, Nancy J. The Reproduction of Mothering: Psychoanalysis and the Sociology of Gender. Univ of California Press, 2023. Print.
Christensen, Victoria. “Women Artists: The Formation of Identity as Self-Created and Socially Constructed.” Femspec 19.2 (2019): 25-36.
Eyre, Gayner. “Back to Basics: The Role of Reading in Preparing Young People for the Information Society.” Reference Services Review 31.3 (2003): 219-226.
Finn, Janet L. “Contested Caring: Women's Roles in Foster Family Care.” Affilia 9.4(1994): 382-400.
Fitch, Janet. White Oleander. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1999. Print.
Fitch, Janet. Interview by Laura Miller, Salon, 1 Jul. 1999. Web.
Fitch, Janet. “Oprah Talks to Janet Fitch.” Interview by Oprah Winfrey. O, The Oprah Magazine, Sep. 2006. Web.
Firestone, Robert W. “The Mother-Daughter Bond.” (1993): 1-12.
Frydenberg, Erica. Adolescent Coping: Advances in Theory, Research and Practice. Routledge, 2008. Print.
Harrison, Colin. American Culture in the 1990s. Edinburgh UP, 2010. Print.
Heise, Donalyn. “Fostering Resilience Through Art.” Stand up for a Change: Voices of Arts Educators, Ed. Tavin, K. & Morris, C.B, 2013, 112-120.
Johnson, Allan G. The Gender Knot: Unraveling Our Patriarchal Legacy. Temple UP, 2005. Print.
Kleinberg, Jay S. “The No-Win Mom: Motherland in Twentieth-Century America.” Women's History Review 8.2 (1999): 387-395.
Kelsky, Jaime L. What Happened to Mother?: Patriarchy, Oppression, and Reconciliation in Janet Fitch's White Oleander. Diss. Florida State U, 2004.
Meyer, Carol H. “A Feminist Perspective on Foster Family Care: A Redefinition of the Categories.” Child Welfare 64.3 (1985): 249-258.
Myers, Barbara J., et al. “Children of Incarcerated Mothers.” Journal of Child and Family Studies 8 (1999): 11-25.
Merrad, Lynda, and Ghania Abboud. White Oleander (1999) by Janet Fitch and The Memory Keeper’s Daughter (2005) by Kim Edwards: A Psychoanalytical Reading. Diss. Mouloud Mammeri U of Tizi-Ouzou, 2022.
Smith, Brenda, and Tina Smith. “For Love and Money: Women as Foster Mothers.” Affilia 5.1 (1990): 66-80.
Stanton, Howard R. “Mother Love in Foster Homes.” Marriage and Family Living 18.4 (1956): 301-307.
Stewart, G. B. “Mother, Daughter, and the Birth of the Female Artist.” Women's Studies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 6.2 (1979): 127-145.
Stiffler, Deborah, Sharon L. Sims, and Phyllis Noerager Stern. “Changing Women: Mothers and Their Adolescent Daughters.” Health Care for Women International 28.7 (2007): 638-653.
Tao, Zhengwei. “Exploring Memory—An Exploration of the Relationship between Childhood Experience and Artist's Art Creation.” Childhood 5.4 (2023): 12-15.
Vandenberg-Daves, Jodi. Modern Motherhood: An American History. Rutgers UP, 2014. Web.
Withers, Josephine. “Artistic Women and Women Artists.” Art Journal 35.4 (1976): 330-336.