隨著醫療技術提高、生活水準上升，使多數人平均壽命延長；而育兒費用增加以及生活節奏加快，造成普遍速生育率降低以及社會高齡化等問題。高齡族群的快速成長，伴隨身體機能衰退而衍伸出的問題和需求，皆是現今許多科學研究的重心。
　　而智慧型手機(smart phone)的普及亦帶動社會生活型態的改變。在此其中，智慧型手機在高齡族群間的普及率於近三年中節節攀升。此外，智慧型手機更能有效得幫助高齡者的生活，如全球定位系統(GPS)的使用，能增加高齡者戶外活動的意願，或用於醫療照護；智慧型手機已然成為高齡者日常生活中不可分割的一部分。
　　然而，許多研究皆顯示智慧型手機，尤其是在觸控介面上，基於生理機能的退化：肢體運動能力、視覺能力、觸覺能力、認知能力等，對於沒有使用經驗的高齡者是一大挑戰。
　　其中，現有之相關研究多屬探討介面之視覺能力以及認知能力等方面，而少有針對觸控操作層面，探討肢體運動能力和觸覺能力之研究。有鑑於此，本研究欲針對55歲以上高齡者對於智慧型手機之手部觸控操作，透過文獻回顧、問卷調查和焦點團體發想，提出一新手部觸控操作模式，包含:針對肢體運動能力退化之，適用高齡者的觸控螢幕操作手勢設計；以及針對觸覺能力退化之，增加高齡者手部觸控觸覺回饋的螢幕質感設計，並以操作效率、滿意度、易學性評估和動作分析以及柏格尺度評估，驗證手勢操作時在使用性上之易學性、滿意度，手勢操作時上肢的不舒適程度，手指和眼睛的疲勞度差異；不同螢幕質感操作下之滿意度及操作效率，作為評估該模式之依據。
　　本研究除了提出了一套適於高齡者操作的「放大、縮小、旋轉」手勢設計之外，更發現智慧型手機上，單指操作的手勢優於多指及雙手操作的手勢；而改變螢幕粗糙度質感對操作效率和滿意度無顯著影響，其結果有助於日後發展利於高齡者使用之觸控螢幕操作方式及規範。

Along with improvements in medical technology and in the standard of living, people are living longer, and increases in childcare cost have caused a reduction in the birth rate. The problems and needs brought out by an increasingly aging society are an important target of scientific study.
The smartphone penetration rate in Taiwan quickly increased in the last three years, and many studies have indicated that smartphones can effectively help the elderly. For example, the Global Positioning System (GPS) can increase the willingness of the elderly to participate in outdoor activities. Nowadays, smartphone are necessary for the elderly.
However, many studies have shown that it is a big challenge for elderly people to use smartphones, especially touch-screens. Because of factors related to aging in the areas of visual acuity, tactile perception, cognitive ability and motor ability, the use smartphones may not be conductive for the elderly.
Current studies focusing on the use of smartphones by the elderly have placed an emphasis on visual components and screen size, phone keypad operation, and the effort required to learn, all of which are related to visual and cognitive aspects of smartphone use. Few studies have been focused on aging as it relates to motor ability and tactile perception.
Given this, this study develops an innovative smartphone operating model including both smartphone operating gesture design and smartphone touch-screen rough texture design for the elderly aged 55 up. Motion analysis, usability evaluation, and a Borg-Scale evaluation are used to evaluate gesture design. Satisfaction evaluation and efficiency evaluation are used to evaluate the screen rough texture design.
The result of this study indicated single-finger operating gestures to be better than two-handed and multi-finger operating gestures in regard to both satisfaction and degree of comfort for the elderly. In regard to efficiency and satisfaction, changing the screen texture have no significant difference for the elderly. These results also contribute to further study intended to develop an elderly touch-screen user interface.

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