「文化遺產管理」（Cultural Heritage Management）是當前全球文化遺產研究範疇中最重要的課題之一。它不僅涉及到文化遺產價值的保存、維護與傳承，同時在全球氣候變遷逐漸威脅文化遺產實質部份的情況下，更加突顯影響文化遺產價值的變化因子必須藉由完善的監控機制方能有效的控制。其中，部份具有動態特質的變化因子對於文化遺產場所的發展具有決定性的影響，這些動態變化的出現不僅扮演了文化遺產場所內管理成效優劣與否的關鍵，同時也意謂著文化遺產管理的工作必須仰賴遺產組織對於管理對象價值體系的掌握以及維護管理計畫文本的建立。

因此，本論文嘗試從管理功能與遺產維護的觀點，分別就遺產組織的組織結構、策略規劃、人力資源以及監控機制等四項管理功能為主要論述依據，藉由探討「管理觀念」、「國際維護文獻」以及「文化遺產管理組織」的不同角色，尋找出文化遺產管理過程中具備動態特質的變化因子，並且嘗試將管理動態變化的概念整合在文化遺產維護管理模式之中。

Cultural Heritage Management is one of the most impartment issues in global cultural heritage studies. It has always involved the preservation, conservation and inheritance of the value of heritage. Now, the importance of well-designed mechanisms for controlling over the factors influencing the value of cultural heritage becomes more prominent because of increasing threats from global climate change. Among all, some factors are dynamic in nature and are critical to the development of heritage sites. These dynamic factors are not only critical to the success of heritage site management, but also informative to the need to control over the value system of heritage organizations and to draw the plan for conservation management.

Therefore, this dissertation analyses organization structure, strategic planning, human resources and control mechanisms from the perspectives of function management and heritage conservation. By exploring the roles of management concept, international conservation documents and organization of cultural heritage management, this dissertation identifies the dynamic factors during the process of cultural heritage management, and tries to incorporate the concept of dynamic variation management into the models of cultural heritage conservation.

▓ 繁體中文文獻
丁育群（2006）〈台灣建築類文化資產人才培育〉《2006文化資產保存政策國際研討會暨座談會》。
內政部（2003）《內政部九十二年度古蹟促參及經營行銷研討會》，高雄：高雄縣政府。
王明蘅（1995）〈續維楚維斯「建築十卷」首卷：建築師之教育〉，《賀陳詞教授紀念文集》，臺南：成大建築文教基金會。
司徒達賢（1999）《非營利組織的經營管理》，台北：天下遠見出版。
李俊融（2008）《中國大陸參與世界遺產建制之研究》，台北：政治大學東亞研究所博士論文。
沈玄池、洪德欽（主編）（1998）《歐洲聯盟：理論與政策》，台北：中研院歐美研究所。
佘瑞瓊（2004）《古蹟再利用結合休閒產業發展之研究：以前清打狗英國領事館為例》，嘉義：南華大學旅遊事業管理所碩論。
林柏志（2005）《從資源基礎論探討閒置空間再利用之經營策略：以台北之家為例》，中壢：中央大學企管所碩論。
林蕙玟、傅朝卿（2007）〈戰爭紀念性意義之差異性研究：以金門與美國蓋茲堡之役紀念物之設置意涵為探討〉《中華民國建築學會建築學報》，第62期，第23-48頁。
胡寶林（2003）〈古蹟、歷史建築及閒置空間再利用的脈絡：借屍還魂或廢物利用？利用軀殼或是脈絡延續？〉《建築雜誌》，第69期，pp. 50-57，台北：美兆文化。
夏鑄九(1998)〈台灣古蹟保存：一個批判性的回顧〉《國立台灣大學建築與城鄉研究學報》，第9期，第1-9頁。
徐裕健 (2005)《融合文化資產保存與民間參與公共建設結案報告》，台北：行政院公共工程委員會。
高雄市議會（2006）《高雄市議會公報》，第50卷，第6期，pp.2549，高雄：高雄市議會。
張苙雲（1986）《組織社會學》。台北：三民書局。
莊芳榮（1983）《古蹟管理與維護》，台北：台灣學生書局。
許仟（1999）《歐洲文化與歐洲聯盟文化政策》，台北：樂學。
郭依蒨（2005）《由歷史建築再利用之使用後評估檢視委外經營機制》，中壢：中原大學室內設計所碩論。
陳政榮（2006）《全球化下的文化治理個案：「台北之家」的古蹟保存與再利用》，台北：台大城鄉所碩論。
陳國慈（2005）《故事裡的故事：再生古蹟台北故事館》，台北：天下雜誌。
陳國慈、侯幸佑、葉益青（2007）〈古蹟再生：台北故事館的故事〉，No.144, pp.96-99，《Dialogue建築雜誌》，台北：美兆文化。
陳德如（2006）《建築的七盞明燈：淺談羅斯金的建築思維》，台北：臺灣商務印書館。
陳麗娟 編譯（1999）《阿姆斯特丹條約解讀》，台北：五南圖書。
傅朝卿（2002）《國際歷史保存及古蹟維護：憲章、宣言、決議文、建議文》，台南：台灣建築與文化資產出版社。
黃仁志（2005）《消費社會中的古蹟再利用：台北市的案例》，台北：台大城鄉所碩論。
黃萬翔（2001）〈從活化文化資產到城鄉生命重現：21世紀城鄉規劃之新思惟〉《北縣文化》，70: 101-106，台北：台北縣政府文化局。
溫金豐（2007）《組織理論與管理》。台北：學貫行銷。
經濟部國際貿易局（1993）《認識馬斯垂克條約(歐洲聯盟條約)》，台北：經濟部國際貿易局。
榮芳杰（2000）《從英、美二國古蹟組織探討台南市公有古蹟經營管理策略之研究》，台南：成功大學建築系碩士論文。
榮芳杰、傅朝卿（刊載日期未定）〈世界文化遺產的監測機制對文化遺產經營管理的影響與啟示〉《中華民國建築學會建築學報》。
榮芳杰、傅朝卿（刊載日期未定）〈古蹟委外經營制度對文化遺產管理功能之影響：以R.O.T.與O.T.模式為例〉《中華民國建築學會建築學報》。
漢寶德（1999）《古蹟的維護》，台北：行政院文化建設委員會。
臧振華、顏亮一、牛宏仁、林煥盛與林志宏 等人編著（2000）《英美日法文化資產保存法規與制度簡介》，台北：行政院文化建設委員會。
歐洲聯盟研究協會（2001），「文化歐洲專題報導」：歐洲整合中的文化概念（林信華 著），民95年4月10日，取自：歐洲聯盟研究協會網頁：http://eusa-taiwan.org/06Publication/Understanding%20Europe/Understanding%20Europe02%20Cultural%20Europe/UE0901歐洲整合中的文化概念.doc
潘玉芳（2003）《台北市古蹟保存歷程的回顧與探討》，中壢：中原大學室內設計所碩論。
蔡佳峰（2003）《古蹟再生的新文化現象：文化消費的觀點》，台北：淡江大學建築所碩論。
鄭華清（2002）《管理學：一個變動中的世界》，第二版，台北：新文京開發出版。
簡聰敏、吳光庭（2007）〈當代文化資產保存與建築史論學位論文文獻研究回顧：以1982年後臺灣地區大學、學院建築相關研究所博、碩論文為例〉《第十屆文化資產（古蹟、歷史建築、聚落與文化景觀）保存、再利用與保存科學研討會冀21世紀文化資產保存準則主題論壇論文集》，台北：中國科技大學。

▓ 簡體中文文獻
徐嵩. (2003). 〈中文化与自然：起、概念、主要〉. In 徐嵩, 明 & 章建 (Eds.), 《文化的保与：中与理展》(pp. 121-162). 北京: 社科文出版社.
徐嵩 (2003)〈中文化与自然的管理体制改革〉，《管理世界》，第6期，中。
徐嵩（2005）〈西家文化管理制度的改革及中的示〉《清大》（哲与社科版），2005年2期，pp.87-100。
、苑利（2005）《文化告：世界文化保的理与》，中北京：社科文出版社。
石雷、童慧 & 李百浩. (2001a). 〈洲建筑与城市概念及其展（一）：洲史性建筑〉. 《中建筑》, 19, 80-81.
石雷、童慧 & 李百浩. (2001b). 〈洲建筑与城市概念及其展（一）：洲史性建筑()〉. 《中建筑》, 20, 95-96
石雷、童慧 & 李百浩. (2002). 〈洲建筑与城市概念及其展（二）：洲史性建筑〉. 《中建筑》, 20, 33-35.
佳明（2004）《中世界管理体系研究》，上海：复旦大出版社。
章建. (2003). 〈文化的真确性价值与的可持展〉. In 徐嵩, 明 & 章建 (Eds.), 《文化的保与：中与理展》(pp. 4-34). 北京: 社科文出版社.
松. (2001). 《史城市保：文化和史境保的一种整体性方法》. 上海: 上海科技出版社.
松. (2006). 〈建筑保的若干探：保文化相章的示〉. 《城市建筑》, 12, 8-12.
朝枝, & 保. (2004). 〈外旅游与管理研究：述与示〉. 《旅游科》, 18(4), 7-16.
朝枝, & 保. (2005). 〈美与日本世界地管理案例比与示〉. 《世界地理研究》, 4, 107-114.
陵, & 彭嘉. (2003). 〈世界的管理体系〉. 《天水范院》, 23(4), 45-56.

▓ 英文文獻
※ 以下英文文獻以Endnote X選用APA 5th格式排列：

Abbeele, G. V. D. (1980). Review: Sightseers: The Tourist as Theorist. Diacritics, 10(4), 2-14.
Abbot, J., & Guijy, I. (1997). Changing Views on Change: A Working Paper on Participatory Monitoring of the Environment. Working Paper, International Institute forEnvironment and Development.
Alberini, A. & Longo, A. (2005, September). The Value of Cultural Heritage Sites in Armenia: Evidence from a Travel Cost Method Study. (FEEM Working Paper No. 112.05). Retrieved June 13, 2008, from http://ssrn.com/abstract=825569
AlSayyad, N. (Ed.). (2001). Consuming Tradition, Manufacturing Heritage: Global Norms and Urban Forms in the Age of Tourism. London: Routledge.
Ando, T. (2002)。《安藤忠雄的都市徬徨》 (謝宗哲，譯)。台北：田園城市文化。
Anonymous (1994). History of the Venice Charter, Scientific Journal THE VENICE CHARTER 1964-1994. pp.20-21. Retrieved November 12, 2004, from the World Wide Web:http://www.international.icomos.org/venicecharter2004/history.pdf
Anonymous (1994). The actuality of the Venice Charter. (Summary report of the 9th ICOMOS General Assembly and International Symposium, October 6-11, 1990). Scientific Journal THE VENICE CHARTER 1964-1994. pp.40-44. Retrieved November 12, 2004, from the World Wide Web: http://www.international.icomos.org/venicecharter2004/silva.pdf
Aplin, G. (2002). Heritage: Identification, Conservation, and Management. Melbourne: Oxford University Press.
Ashurst, N. (1994). Cleaning Historic Buildings. London: Donhead.
Ashworth, G. J., & Tunbridge, J. E. (1990). The Tourist-Historic City. London: Belhaven Press.
Ashworth, G. J. (1991). Heritage Planning: the management of urban change. Groningen: Geopers.
Ashworth, G. J., & Larkham, P. J. (Eds.). (1994). Building a New Heritage: Tourism, Culture and Identity in the New Europe. London: Routledge.
Ashworth, G. J. (1997). Conservation as preservation or as heritage: two paradigms and two answers. Built Environment, 23(2), 92-102.
Ashworth, G., & Howard, P. (1999). European Heritage, Planning and Management. Exeter: Intellect Books.
Audi, A. (2007). A Semiotics of Cultural Property Argument. International Journal of Cultural Property, 14, 131-167.
Ballester, J. M. (2001). The Council of Europe and cultural heritage 1954-2000. Strasbourg: Council of Europe Press.
Bandarin, F. (2007). World Heritage: Challenges for the Millennium. Paris: UNESCO World Heritage Centre.
Barthes, R. (1979). The Eiffel Tower, In The Eiffel Tower and Other Mythologies. New York: Hill & Wang. Pp. 3-17.
Batchelor, D. (2003). Toward Sustainable Management Plan: The Case of Stonehenge and Avebury. In J. M. Teutonico & F. Matero (Eds.), Managing Change: sustainable approaches to the conservation of built environment (pp. 95-106). Los Angles: The Getty Conservation Institute.
Battaini-Dragoni, G. (Ed.). (2005). Guidance on heritage assessment: Our cultural diversity is what unites us. Strasbourg: Council of Europe.
Baudrillard, J. (1981). Simulacra and Simulation. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Baudrillard, J. (1993). Symbolic Exchange and Death. London: Sage Publications Ltd.
Bernier, B., & Handler, R. (1984). On Nationalism and Cultural Objectification. Current Anthropology, 25(2), 241-242.
Blake, J. (2000). On Defining the Cultural Heritage. The International and Comparative Law Quarterly, 49, 61-85.
Boniface, P. (1995). Managing Quality Cultural Tourism. London: Routledge.
Bonnette, M. (1995). Monitoring: Some Ideas about the Concept. ICOMOS Canada Bulletins, 4(3) - MOMENTUM 1995, Retrieved Nov. 17, 2007, from http://www.icomos.org/icomosca/bulletin/vol4_no3_bonnette_e.html
Bonnewitz, P. (2002)。《布赫迪厄社會學的第一課》(孫智綺，譯)。台北：城邦文化。
Borg, J. van der (2004). Tourism Management and Carrying Capacity in Heritage Cities and Sites. In H. Coccossis & A. Mexa (eds.), The Challenge of Tourism Carrying Capacity Assessment: Theory and Practice (pp. 163-179). Aldershot: Ashgate.
Brimblecombe, P. (2004). Damage to Cultural Heritage. In C. Saiz-Jimenez (Ed.), Air Pollution and Cultural Heritage (pp. 87-90). London: Balkema.
Brimblecombe, P. (2004). Sustainability and heritage. In C. Saiz-Jimenez (Ed.), Air Pollution and Cultural Heritage (pp. 275-280). London: Balkema.
Bullock, H. D., & Watterson, J. (Eds.). (1999). With Heritage So Rich. Massachusetts: Preservation Books.
Burman, P., Fawcett, J., Feilden, B., & Kennet, L. (1991). Managing World Heritage Sites in Britain. Paper presented at the Managing World heritage Sites in Britain, York, UK.
Burnes, B. (1996). Managing Change: A Strategic Approach to Organisational Dynamics (Second ed.). London: Pitman Publishing.
Burnham, B. (1974). The Protection of Cultural Property, Handbook of National Legislations. Paris: International Council of Museums.
Cantacuzino, S. (1975). Architectural Conservation in Europe. New York: Whitney Library of Design.
Carman, J. (2005). Against Cultural Property: Archaeology, Heritage and Ownership. London: Duckworth.
Carnall, C. (1991). Managing Change. London: Routledge.
Carpenter, M. A., & Sanders, W. G. (2007). Strategic Management: A Dynamic Perspective. New Jersey: Pearson Education Ltd.
Carter, R.W., & Bramley, R. (2002). Defining Heritage Values and Significance for Improved Resource Management：an application to Australian tourism. International Journal of Heritage Studies, 8(3),175-199.
Carr, E. A. J. (1994). Tourism and Heritage: The pressures and challenges of the 1990s. In G. J. Ashworth & P. J. Larkham (Eds.), Building A New Heritage: Tourism, Culture and Identity in the New Europe (pp. 50-68). London: Routledge.
Cassar, M. (2005a). Climate Change and the Historic Environment. London: UCL Centre for Sustainable Heritage.
Cassar, M., & Pender, R. (2005b). The Impact of Climate Change on Cultural Heritage: Evidence and Response. In I. Verger (Ed.), ICOM Committee for Conservation 14th Triennial Meeting (Vol. 2, pp. 610-616). London: James & James.
Cassar, M., Brimblecombe, P., Nixon, T., Price, C., C. Sabbioni, Saiz-Jimenez, C., et al. (2004). Solutions in the conservation and protection of historic monuments and archaeological remains: a critical assessment of European research needs. In C. Saiz-Jimenez (Ed.), Air Pollution and Cultural Heritage (pp. 249-261). London: Balkema.
Castellanos, C. (2003). Sustainable Management Plan for Archaeological Sites: The Case of Chan Chan, Peru. In J. M. Teutonico & F. Matero (Eds.), Managing Change: sustainable approaches to the conservation of built environment (pp. 107-116). Los Angles: The Getty Conservation Institute.
Chitty, G., & Baker, D. (1999). Managing Historic Sites and Buildings: Reconciling, presentation and Preservation. London: Routledge.
Cicerchia, A. (2002). Heritage Administration in Italy: Problems and Progress. In I. Rizzo & R. Towse (Eds.), The Economics of Heritage: A Study in the Political Economy of Culture in Sicily (pp. 196-206). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
Cintron, L. G. (2000). Preserving National Culture: The National Trust and the Framing of British National Heritage, 1895-2000. Harvard University, Cambridge.
Clark, K. (2000). From Regulation to participation: cultural heritage, sustainable development and citizenship. In D. THEROND (Ed.), Forward Planning: The Function of Cultural Heritage in a Changing Europe (pp. 103-112). Strasbourg: Council of Europe
Clark, K., & Drury, P. (2000). From monuments to people, the functions of the cultural heritage in a changing Europe. In D. THEROND (Ed.), Forward Planning: The Function of Cultural Heritage in a Changing Europe (pp. 113-118). Strasbourg: Council of Europe
Cleere, H. (2000). Archaeological Heritage Management in the Modern World. London: Routledge.
Coccossis, H., & Nijkamp, P. (1995). Planning for Our Cultural Heritage. Aldershot: Ashgate.
Coccossis, H., & Mexa, A. (2004). The Challenge of Tourism Carrying Capacity Assessment: Theory and Practice. Aldershot: Ashgate.
Cossons, N. (1989). Plural Funding and the Heritage. In D. L. Uzzell (Ed.), Heritage Interpretation Volume2: The Visitor Experience (pp. 16-22). London: Belhaven Press.
Council of Europe (1993). Architectural Heritage: inventory and documentation methods in Europe. Strasbourg: Council of Europe Press.
Council of Europe (1994). Twentieth-century architectural heritage: strategies for conservation and promotion. Strasbourg: Council of Europe Press.
Council of Europe (2000). Guidance on the Development of Legislation and Administration Systems in the Field of Cultural Heritage. Strasbourg: Council of Europe Press.
Craik, J. (1995). Is Cultural Tourism Viable. Smarts, 2, 6-7.
Craik, J. (1997). The Culture of Tourism, In C. Rojek & J. Urry (eds), Touring Cultures: Transformations of Travel and Theory, (pp.113-136). London: Routledge.
Creaco, S. (2002). The Role of Non-profit Organisations in the Finance of Heritage. In I. Rizzo & R. Towse (Eds.), The Economics of Heritage: A Study in the Political Economy of Culture in Sicily (pp. 88-101). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
Croft, C., & Harwood, E. (1999). Conservation of Twentieth-Century Buildings: New Rules for the Modern Movement and After? In G. Chitty & D. Baker (Eds.), Managing Historic Sites and Buildings: Reconciling Presentation and Preservation (pp. 157-172). London: Routledge.
Cullingworth, B., & Nadin, V. (2002). Town and Country Planning in the UK (13th ed.). London: Routledge.
Cunningham, A. (1998). Modern Movement Heritage. London: Taylor & Francis.
Daft, R. L. (1999)。《組織理論與管理》(李再長，譯)。台北：華泰文化。
Daft, R. L. (2004). Organization Theory and Design (8th ed.). Australia: South-Western.
Dalibard, J. (1989). The Next 20 Years. APT Bulletin, 21(1), 4-8.
Dann, N., Hills, S., & Worthing, D. (2006). Assessing how organizations approach the maintenance management of listed buildings. Construction Management and Economics, 24, 97-104.
DCMS (2002). People and Places: Social Inclusion Policy for the Built and Historic Environment, pp.12-16. London: DCMS.
DCMS/DTLR (2001). The Historic Environment: A force for our Future. London: DCMS.
Delafons, J. (1997). Politics and Preservation: A Policy history of the built heritage188-1996. London: E&FN Spon.
Delmas, C. (2001)。《歐洲文明》 (吳錫德，譯)。台北：遠流出版社。
DoE/DNH (1994). Planning Policy Guidance Note 15: Planning and historic environment. London: HMSO.
Drucker, P. F. (1973). The Practice of Management. London: Pan Books.
Drucker, P. F. (1974). Management: Tasks, Responsibilities, Practices. New York: Harper & Row.
Drucker, P. F. (2002)。《杜拉克精選：社會篇》 (黃秀媛，譯)。台北：天下遠見。
Drucker, P. F. (2002)。《下一個社會》 (劉真如，譯)。台北：城邦文化。
Drummond, S., & Yeoman, I. (2001). Quality Issues in Heritage Visitor Attractions. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
du Cros, H., & Lee, Y.-s. F. (Eds.). (2007). Cultural Heritage Management in China: Preserving the cities of the Pearl River Delta. London: Routledge.
Elliot, G. (2002). Funding Heritage: The Scottish Experience. In I. Rizzo & R. Towse (Eds.), The Economics of Heritage: A Study in the Political Economy of Culture in Sicily (pp. 189-195). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
Emerick, K. (2001). Use, Value and Significance in Heritage Management. In R. Layton, P. G. Stone & J. Thomas (Eds.), Destruction and Conservation of Cultural Property (pp. 276-285). London: Routledge.
English Heritage (2000). Power of Place: The future of the historic environment. London: English Heritage.
English Heritage (2000). Stonehenge World Heritage Site Management Plan. London: English Heritage.
English Heritage (2002). Hadrian's Wall World Heritage Site Management Plan 2002-2007. London: English Heritage.
English Heritage, & Group, W. H. S. (2004). City of Bath World Heritage Site Management Plan 2003-2009. Bath: Bath & North East Somerset Council.
English Heritage (2005). Guidance on the management of conservation areas, Available online at: http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/upload/pdf/Management_of_Conservation_Areas_20060320130528.pdf, accessed 7 September 2006.
English Heritage. (2006). English Heritage Annual Report and Accounts 2005/06. London: The Stationery Office.
English Heritage. (2007). English Heritage Annual Report and Accounts 2006/07. London: The Stationery Office.
Erder, C. (1977). The Venice Charter under review. Scientific Journal THE VENICE CHARTER 1964-1994, pp.24-31. Retrieved November 12, 2004, from the World Wide Web: http://www.international.icomos.org/venicecharter2004/erder.pdf
Fairclough, G. (2003). Cultural Landscape, Sustainability, and Living with Change? In J. M. Teutonico & F. Matero (Eds.), Managing Change: sustainable approaches to the conservation of built environment (pp. 23-46). Los Angles: The Getty Conservation Institute.
Fayol, H. (1984). General and industrial management (Revised by Irwin Gray). New York: IEEE.
Fechner, F. G. (1998). The Fundamental Aims of Cultural Property Law. International Journal of Cultural Property, 7(2), 376-394.
Feilden, B. M. (1994). Conservation of Historic Buildings. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Feilden, B. M. (1993). Conservation and Tourism. International Scientific Symposium on Cultural Tourism, 10th General Assembly (Sri Lanka), 30th. July-4th. Aug. 1993, pp.59-65.
Feilden, B. M., & Jokilehto, J. (1998). Management Guidelines for World Cultural Heritage Sites. Rome: Ograro.
Feilden, B., Burman, P., Fawcett, J., & Kennet, L. (1991, 6-7 November) Managing World Heritage Sites in Britain, Paper presented at the Seminar on the Management and Planning of World Heritage Sites in Britain. University of York.
Feilden, B.M., & Jokilehto, J. (1998). Management Guidelines for World Cultural Heritage Sites (2nd ed.). Rome: ICCROM.
Feilden, B. (2004). A Profile of Jukka Ilmari Jokilehto. Journal of Architectural Conservation, 10(1), 49-52.
Fejrdy, T. (2005). Who wanted it? What is the charter? ...and today? In E. kovcs (Ed.), The Venice Charter: 1964-2004-2044? (pp. 46-51). Hungary: Hungarian National Committee of ICOMOS.
Fitch, J. M. (1990). Historic Preservation: Curatorial Management of the Built World. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia.
Forsyth, M. (Ed.). (2007). Understanding Historic Building Conservation. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Forte, F. (1997). Towards a European Market for Arts and Culture Goods：Some Proposals. In M. Hutter& I. Rizzo (eds.), Economic Perspectives on Cultural Heritage (pp.211-24). London: MacMillan press ltd.
Frank, K., & Petersen, P. (2002). Historic Preservation in the USA (H. M. Mowat, J. Smith & K. Frank, Trans.). Berlin: Springer.
Freeman, P., Martin, E., & Dean, J. (1985). Building Conservation in Australia. Canberra: RAIA Education Division.
Frey, B. S. (1997). The Evaluation of Cultural Heritage: Some Critical Issues, In M. Hutter& I. Rizzo (eds.), Economic Perspectives on Cultural Heritage (pp.31-49). UK: Macmillan press Ltd.
Fridgen, J. D. (1984). Environmental psychology and tourism, Annals of Tourism Research, 11(1), pp. 19-40
Frigo, M. (2004). Cultural Property v. Cultural Heritage: A “Battle of Concepts”. International Review of the Red Cross, 86(854), 367-378.
Furtado, M. d. F. (2005). Monitoring Wold Heritage. City & Time, 1(2), 43-46.
Galley, C. C. (2001). Cultural Policy, Cultural Heritage, and Regional Development. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. USA: The State University of New Jersey.
Gard'ner, J. M. (2007). Preparing the Conservation Plan. In M. Forsyth (Ed.), Understanding Historic Building Conservation (pp. 156-174). Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Garfield, D. (1993). Tourism at world heritage cultural sites: the site manager's handbook. Madrid: World Tourism Organization.
George, C. S. (1972). The history of management thought (2nd ed.). New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
Glaesser, D. (2003). Crisis Management in the Tourism Industry. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Glasson, J., Godfrey, K., Goodey, B., Absalom, H., & Borg, J. V. D. (1995). Towards visitor impact management: visitor impacts, carrying capacity, and management responses in Europe's historic towns and cities. Aldershot: Avebury.
Goodland, R., & Webb, M. (1987). The Management of Cultural Property in World Bank-Assisted Projects: Archaeological, Historical, Religious, and Natural Unique Sites. Washington, D.C.: The World Bank.
Graham, B., & Ashworth, G. J. (2000). A Geography of Heritage: Power, Culture and Economy. London: Arnold.
Graham, B. (2002). Heritage as Knowledge: Capital or Culture?. Urban Studies, 39(5-6), 1003-1017.
Graham, J., Amos, B., & Plumptre, T. (2003). Governance Principles for Protected Areas in the 21st Century. Paper presented at the Fifth World Parks Congress, South Africa.
Grenville, J. (1999). Managing the Historic Rural Landscape. London: Routledge.
Griffiths, B. (1996). Financial management. In R. Harrison (Ed.), Manual of Heritage Management (pp. 235-248). Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Habermas, J. (1997). The New Conservatism: Cultural Critism and the Historians' Debate (S. W. Nicholson, Trans.). Cambridge: The MIT Press.
Hale, J. (2001)。《文藝復興時代的歐洲文明》 (賈士蘅，譯)。台北：國立編譯館。
Hall, C. M., & McArthur, S. (1996). Heritage Management in Australia and New Zealand: The Human Dimension. Melbourne: Oxford University Press.
Hall, C. M., & McArthur, S. (1998). Integrated Heritage Management: Principles and Practice. London: The Stationery office.
Hall, C. M. (2000). Integrated Heritage Management: Dealing with Principles, Conflict, Trust and Reconciling Stakeholder Differences. Paper presented at the Heritage Economics: Challenges for heritage conservation and sustainable development in the 21st Century.
Hall, C.M., & Piggin, R. (2002). Tourism operator knowledge of World Heritage sites: a New Zealand case study. International Journal of Tourism Research, in press.
Hall, C. M., & Page, S. J. (2006). The Geography of Tourism and Recreation: Environment, Place and Space (3nd ed.). London: Routledge.
Hall, S. (1997). Representation: cultural representations and signifying practices. London: SAGE Publications Ltd.
Han, S. (2001). Cultural Heritage Management in South Korea. Dissertation of the University of Minnesota,South Korea.
Handler, R. (2003). Cultural Property and Cultural Theory. Journal of Social Archaeology, 3(3), 353-365.
Harrison, D., & Hitchcock, M. (2005). The Politics of World Heritage: Negotiating Tourism and Conservation. London: Multilingual Matters Limited.
Harrison, R. (Ed.) (1996). Manual of Heritage Management. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Harvey, J. (1972). Conservation of Buildings. London: John Baker Ltd.
Haskell, T. (1993). Caring for Our Built Heritage: conservation in practice London: E & FN Spon.
Hellawell, J. M. (1991). Development of a rationale for monitoring. In F. B. Goldsmith(ed.), Monitoring for Conservation and Ecology, London: Chapman and Hall.
Hems, A., & Blockley, M. R. (Eds.). (2006). Heritage interpretation. London: Routledge.
Henson, D., Stone, P., & Corbishley, M. (2004). Education and the Historic Environment. London: Routledge.
Herbert, D. T., Prentice, R. C., & Thomas, C. J. (Eds.). (1989). Heritage Sites: Strategies for Marketing and Development. Aldershot: Avebury.
Herbert, D. T. (Ed.). (1995). Heritage, Tourism and Society. London: Mansell Publishing Limited.
Heritage Lottery Fund. (2002). Conservation Management Plan for Historic Places. London: Heritage Lottery Fund.
Heritage Lottery Fund. (2005). Conservation Management Plans: helping your application... London: Heritage Lottery Fund.
Heritage Lottery Fund (2008a). Conservation Management Planning: Integrated plans for conservation, new work, physical access, management and maintenance at heritage sites. London: Heritage Lottery Fund.
Heritage Lottery Fund. (2008b). Management and Maintenance Planning. London: Heritage Lottery Fund.
Hewison, R. (1987). The Heritage Industry: Britain in a Climate of Decline. London: Methuen.
Hewison, R. (1989). Heritage: An Interpretation. In D.Uzzell (ed.), Heritage Interpretation Volume1 (pp.15-23). London: Belhaven Press.
Hollinshead, K. (1997). Heritage Tourism under Post-modernity: Truth and the Past. In C. Ryan (ed.), The Tourist Experience (pp.170-193). New York: Cassell.
Howard, P. (2003). Heritage: Management, Interpretation, Identity. London: Continuum.
Hufford, M. (1994). Conserving Culture: A New Discourse on Heritage. Chicago: University of Illinois Press.
ICOMOS (2004). The World Heritage List: Filling the Gaps - an Action Plan for the Future. Rome: ICOMOS.
ICOMOS UK. (1995). The English World Heritages Sites Monitoring Reports. London: ICOMOS UK.
Institute on Governance. (2003). Governance principles for protected areas in the 21st century: Prepared for the fifth world parks congress Durban, South Africa. Graham, J., Amos, B., & Plumptre, T. http://www.iog.ca/publications/pa_governance2.pdf
Jamieson, W., & Buchik, P. (1988). Training in Historic Resource Management: The Development of an Approach for Western Canada. APT Bulletin, 20(1), 50-61.
Jokilehto, J. (1985). Authenticity in Restoration Principles and Practices. Bulletin of the Association for Preservation Technology, 17(3/4), 5-11.
Jokilehto, J. (1995a). Authenticity: a general framework for the concept. In K. E. Larsen (Ed.), NARA Conference on Authenticity in Relation to the World Heritage Convention (pp. 17-34). Trondheim: Tapir.
Jokilehto, J. (1995b). Comments on the Venice Charter with illustrations, Scientific Journal THE VENICE CHARTER 1964-1994, pp.61-76. Retrieved November 12, 2004, from the World Wide Web: http://www.international.icomos.org/venicecharter2004/jokilehto.pdf
Jokilehto, J. (1998). International Trends in Historic Preservation: From Ancient Monuments to Living Cultures. APT Bulletin, 29(3/4, Thirtieth-Anniversary), 17-19.
Jokilehto, J. (1999). A History of Architectural Conservation. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Jokilehto, J. (2000). ICCROM's Involvement in Risk Preparedness. Journal of the American Institute for Conservation, 39(1), 173-179.
Jokilehto, J. (2006a). Considerations on Authenticity and Integrity in World Heritage Context. City & Time, 2(1), 1-16.
Jokilehto, J. (2006b). World Heritage: Defining the Outstanding Universal Value. City & Time, 2(2), 1-10.
Jokilehto, J. (2007a). Conservation concepts. In J. Ashurst (Ed.), Conservation of Ruins (pp. 3-9). Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Jokilehto, J. (2007b). International Charter on Urban Conservation: some thoughts on the principles expressed in current international doctrine City & Time, 3(3), 23-42.
Jones, G. R. (2005)。《組織理論與管理：理論與個案》（第四版）(楊仁壽、許碧芬、俞慧芸，合譯)。台北：培生教育出版。
Kaelble, H. (2005)。《歐洲人談歐洲：十九與二十世紀歐洲自我認識的形成》(柯燕珠，譯)。台北： 左岸文化。
Kain, R. (1981). Planning for Conservation. London: Mansell Ltd.
Karpodini-Dimitriadi, E. (2002). Traditional Policy Tools and New Incentives: Built Heritage in Greece. In P. B. Boorsma, A. v. Hemel & N. v. d. Wielen (Eds.), Privatization and Culture: Experiences in the Arts, Heritage and Cultural Industries in Europe (pp. 111-119). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Kearns, G., & Philo, C. (1993). Selling Places: The City as Cultural Capital, Past and Present. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Kennedy, M. (2006)。《考古的歷史》(牟翔、王強、金國林、朱嫦巧，譯)。台北：究竟出版社。
Klamer, A. (1997). The Value of Cultural Heritage: Economic Perspectives on Cultural Heritage. UK: Macmillan Press Ltd.
Koboldt, C. (1997). Optimizing the of Cultural Heritage. In M. Hutter& I. Rizzo (eds.), Economic Perspectives on Cultural Heritage(pp.50-73). Great Britain: MacMillan press ltd.
Kruft, Hanno-walter(2005)。《建筑理史：特威到在》 (王祥，)。中北京：中建筑工出版社。
Kulikauskas, P. (2007). International Charters on Conservation: the lost c(l)auses. City & Time, 3(3), 61-68.
Kuo, I. L. (2002). The effectiveness of environmental interpretation at resource-sensitive tourism destinations. International Journal of Tourism Research, 4(2), 87-101.
Kvan, T., & Affleck, J. (2007). The role of virtual communities in heritage interpretation. Paper presented at the The 2007 International Conference on Digital Applications in Cultural Heritage, Tainan, Taiwan.
Lafrenz, K. (2006). The world Bank’s Cultural Heritage Management, Cultures of Contact: Archaeology, Ethics, and Globalization Conference. Available online at: http://traumwerk.stanford.edu:3455/culturesofcontact/admin/download.html?attachid=28527, accessed 9 September 2006.
Landry, C. (2008)。《創意城市：打造城市創意生活圈的思考技術》(楊幼蘭，譯)。台北：馬可孛羅文化。
Larkham, P. J. (1994). A New Heritage for A New Europe: problem and potential. In G. J. Ashworth & P. J. Larkham (Eds.), Building A New Heritage: Tourism, Culture and Identity in the New Europe (pp. 260-273). London: Routledge.
Larkham, P. J. (1995). Heritage as Planned and Conserved. In D. T. Herbert (Ed.), Heritage, Tourism and Society (pp. 85-116). London: Mansell.
Larkham, P. J. (1999). Preservation, Conservation and Heritage: developing concepts and applications. In B. Cullingworth (Ed.), British Planning: 50 Years of Urban and Regional policy (pp. 105-122). London: Athlone.
Larsen, K. E. (Ed.). (1995). NARA Conference on Authenticity in Relation to the World Heritage Convention. Trondheim: Tapir.
Layton, R., Stone, P. G., & Thomas, J. (Eds.). (2001). Destruction and Conservation of Cultural Property. London: Routledge.
Leask, A., Fyall, A., & Garrod, B. (2002). Heritage Visitor Attractions: managing revenue in the new millennium. International Journal of Heritage Studies, 8(3), 247-265.
Leask, A., & Fyall, A. (2006). Managing World Heritage Sites. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Lerbinger, O. (2001)。《危機管理》 (于鳳娟，譯)。台北：五南圖書出版公司。
Light, D., & Prentice, R. C. (1994). Who Consumes the Heritage Product? : Implications for European heritage tourism. In G. J. Ashworth & P. J. Larkham (Eds.), Building A New Heritage: Tourism, Culture and Identity in the New Europe (pp. 90-116). London: Routledge.
Lipe, W. D. (1984). Value and meaning in cultural resources. In H. F. Cleere (Ed.), Approaches to the Archaeological Heritage (pp. 1-11). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lipp, W. (2005). The Charter of Venice as a Document of the Times. In E. kovcs (Ed.), The Venice Charter: 1964-2004-2044? (pp. 107-110). Hungary: Hungarian National Committee of ICOMOS.
Lisitzin, K. (2005). Building Shared Perspectives in Heritage Management. City & Time, 1(3), 29-35.
Liverpool City Council (2005). Liverpool - Maritime Mercantile City: Nomination of Liverpool-Maritime Mercantile City for Inscription on the World Heritage List. Liverpool: Liverpool City Council.
Loew, S. (1998). Modern Architecture in Historic Cities: Policy, planning and building in contemporary France. London: Routledge.
Long, D. L. (2000). Cultural Heritage Management in post-colonial polities: not the heritage of the other. International Journal of Heritage Studies, 6(4), 317-322.
Loulanski, T. (2006). Revising the Concept for Cultural Heritage: The Argument for a Functional Approach. International Journal of Cultural Property, 13, 207-233.
Lowenthal, D. (1975). Past Time, Present Place: Landscape and Memory. Geographical Review, 65(1), 1-36.
Lowenthal, D. (1985). The Past is Foreign Country. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lowenthal, D. (1995a). Heritages for Europe. International Journal of Cultural Property, 4(2), 377-381.
Lowenthal, D. (1995b). Changing Criteria of Authenticity. In K. E. Larsen (Ed.), NARA Conference on Authenticity in Relation to the World Heritage Convention (pp. 121-135). Trondheim: Tapir.
Lowenthal, D. (1998a). The Heritage Crusade and the Spoils of History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lowenthal, D. (1998b). Fabricating Heritage. History & Memory, 10(1), 5-24.
Lowenthal, D. (2003). Pioneering Stewardship: New Challenges for CRM. CRM: The Journal of Heritage Stewardship, 1, 7-13.
Lowenthal, D. (2005). Stewardship the Future. CRM: The Journal of Heritage Stewardship, 2, 20-39.
Lynch, K. (1990). What Time Is This Place? Massachusetts: The MIT Press.
MacCannell, D. (1999). The Tourist: A new theory of the leisure class. California: University of California Press.
MacCannell, D (2001). Tourist agency, Tourism Studies, 1, pp. 23-38..
Magretta, J., & Stone, N. (2003)。《管理是什麼》(李田樹，譯)。台北。天下遠見。
Mapstone, B. (2004). The Importance of Clear Objectives for Monitoring World Heritage Area Sites. In H. Stovel (Ed.), Monitoring World Heritage (pp. 48-52). Paris: UNESCO World Heritage Centre and ICCROM.
Marshall, D. & Pearson, M.(eds.) (1997). Culture and Heritage: Historic Environment, Australia: State of the Environment Technical Paper Series (Natural and Cultural Heritage). Canberra: Department of the Environment.
Markwick, M. (2001). Postcards from Malta: Image, Consumption, Context. Annals of Tourism Research, 28(2), 417-438.
Masser, I., Svidn, O., & Wegener, M. (1994). What new heritage for which new Europe? In G. J. Ashworth & P. J. Larkham (Eds.), Building A New Heritage: Tourism, Culture and Identity in the New Europe (pp. 31). London: Routledge.
Mazza, I. (2002). Organisation and Decision-making in the Heritage Sector in Sicily. In I. Rizzo & R. Towse (Eds.), The Economics of Heritage: A Study in the Political Economy of Culture in Sicily (pp. 48-62). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
McCool, S. F., & Lime, D. W. (2001). Tourism Carrying Capacity: Tempting Fantasy or Useful Reality. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 9(5), 372-388.
McKercher, B., & du Cros, H. (2002). Cultural Tourism: The Partnership between Tourism and Cultural Heritage Management, London: The Haworth Hospitality Press.
McManamon, F., & Hatton, A. (2000). Cultural Resource Management in Contemporary Society: Perspectives on Managing & Presenting the Past. NY: Routledge.
McMillan, S. (1997). ‘Balancing the books: Economic returns and corporate citizenship’, mimeo of a paper presented at Business With Style: Adapting Heritage Buildings for Commercial Use, New South Wales Government, Heritage Offices, Sydney.
Merryman, J. H. (1986). Two Ways of Thinking about Cultural Property. The American Journal of International Law, 80(4), 831-853.
Merryman, J. H. (1990). “Protection” of the Cultural “Heritage”. The American Journal of Comparative Law, 38, 513-522.
Merryman, J. H. (1998). The Free International Movement of Cultural Property. International Law and Politics, 31, 1-14.
Merryman, J. H. (2005). Cultural Property Internationalism. International Journal of Cultural Property, 12, 11-39.
Meurs, P. (2007). A Charter for Each Intervention: from generic to specific guidelines. City & Time, 3(3), 53-60.
Mezey, N. J. (2007). The Paradox of Cultural Property. Columbia Law Review, 107, 2004-2046.
Middleton, V.T.C. (1994). Vision, strategy and corporate planning: an overview’. In R. Harrison (ed.) Manual of Heritage Management. Oxford: Butterworth-Heineman.
Millar, P. (1995). Heritage management for heritage tourism. In S. Medlik(ed.) Managing Tourism. Oxford：Butterworth-Heinemann.
Misiura, S. (2006). Heritage Marketing. Amsterdam: Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann.
Mollard, C. (2002)。《法國文化工程》 (梁蓉，譯)。台北：城邦文化。
Moropoulou, A., & Konstanti, A. (2004). European strategies for preservation and management of historic cities: knowledge based decision-making approach. In C. Saiz-Jimenez (Ed.), Air Pollution and Cultural Heritage (pp. 263-269). London: Balkema.
Morris, E. (1994). Heritage and Culture: A capital for the new Europe. In G. J. Ashworth & P. J. Larkham (Eds.), Building A New Heritage: Tourism, Culture and Identity in the New Europe (pp. 229-259). London: Routledge.
Morris, W. (2000). The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Mller, M. M. (1998). Cultural Heritage Protection: Legitimacy, Property, and Functionalism. International Journal of Cultural Property, 7(2), 395-409.
Munford, E. (2000). The CIAM Discourse on Urbanism, 1928-1960, USA: The MIT Press.
Murrary, J. A. H. (1901). A New English Dictionary-On Historical Principles. Oxford: Clarendon press.
Murtagh, W. J. (1997). Keeping Time: The History and Theory of Preservation in America (2nd ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Myslinski, B. E. (2001). Architectural reconstruction in heritage conservation: divergences and similarities as illustrated by case studies of Canada and Poland. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Carleton University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Navrud, S., & Ready, R. C. (2002). Valuing Cultural Heritage: Applying Environmental Valuation Techniques to Historic Buildings, Monuments and Artifacts. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
Newby, P.T. (1994). Tourism: Support or threat to heritage? In: G.J.Ashworth & P.J.Larkham (eds.), Building a New Heritage: Tourism, Culture and Identity in the New Europe (pp. 206-228). London: Routledge.
Norberg-Schulz, C. (1995)。《場所精神：邁向建築現象學》 (施植明，譯)。台北：田園城市文化。
Oers, R. V. (2007). Towards New International Guidelines for the Conservation of Historic Urban Landscapes. City & Time, 3(3), 43-51.
O’Keefe, P. J. & Prott, L. V. (1984). Law and the Cultural Heritage: Vol.1, Discovery and Excavation 89 106, Professional books limited. UK: Abingdon.
O'Keefe, P. J. (1995). Protection of the Material Cultural Heritage: The Commonwealth Scheme. The International and Comparative Law Quarterly, 44(1), 147-161.
Orbasli, A. (2000). Tourist in Historic Towns: Urban Conservation and Heritage Management, London: E & FN Spon.
Page, M., & Mason, R. (2004). Giving Preservation a History: histories of historic preservation in the United States. New York: Routledge.
Page, S. (2006). Tourism Management: Managing for Change (2 edition ed.). London: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Peacock, A. (1997). A Future for the Past: The Political Economy of Heritage. In R. Towse (Ed.), Cultural Economics: The Arts, the Heritage and the Media Industries (Vol. 1, pp. 387-424). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.
Peacock, A. (1998). Does the Past Have a Future?: The Political Economy of Heritage. London: The Institute of Economic Affairs.
Pedersen, A. (2002). Managing Tourism at WHS: A Practical Manual for WHS Managers World Heritage Paper 1 2002. Paris: UNSECO.
Peckham, R. S. (2003). Rethinking Heritage: Cultures and Politics in Europe. New York: I. B. Tauris & Co Ltd.
Pedersen, A. (2002). Managing Tourism at World Heritage Sites: a Practical Manual for World Heritage Site Managers. Paris: UNESCO World Heritage Centre.
Pereira, H. N. (2007). Contemporary Trends in Conservation: culturalization, significance and sustainability. City & Time, 3(2), 15-25.
Perrow, C. (1988)。《組織社會學》(周鴻玲，譯)。台北：桂冠圖書。
Phelan, M. E. (1998). The Law of Cultural Property and Natural Heritage: Protection, Transfer, and Access, Ill.: Kalos Kapp Press.
Phelps, A., Ashworth, G. J., & Johansson, B. O. H. (Eds.). (2002). The Construction of Built Heritage: A North European perspective on policies, practices and outcomes. Aldershot: Ashgate.
Pickard, R. (2001a). Policy and Law in Heritage Conservation. London: E & FN Spon.
Pickard, R. (2001b). Management of Historic Centres, London: SPON press.
Pickard, R. (2002). A Comparative Review of Policy for the Protection of the Architectural Heritage of Europe. International Journal of Heritage Studies, 8(4), 349-363.
Pickard, R. (2005). European Cultural Heritage (Volume II): A review of policies and practice. Strasbourg: Council of Europe.
Pieper, J. (2004)。《閒暇：文化的基礎》(劉森堯，譯)。台北：立緒文化。
Pieris, S., & Prematilleke, P. L. (1993). Tourism at World Heritage Cultural Sites: the site manager's hand book. Paper presented at the Cultural Tourism, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Piras, P. G., & Hooff, H. V. (2006). Periodic Report 2004: Latin America and the Caribbean. Paris: UNESCO World Heritage Centre.
Prentice, R. (1993). Tourism and Heritage Attractions. London: Routledge.
Pressouyre, L. (1996). The World Heritage Convention, twenty years later. Paris: UNESCO World Heritage Centre.
Price, L., & Smith, A. (2000). Managing Cultural Assets from a Business Perspective. Washington, D.C.: Council on Library and Information Resources.
Price, N. S., Jr., M. K. T., & Vaccaro, A. M. (Eds.). (1996). Historical and Philosophical Issues in the Conservation of Cultural Heritage. Los Angeles: The Getty Conservation Institute.
Prott, L. V. (2005). The International Movement of Cultural Objects. International Journal of Cultural Property, 12, 225-248.
Prott, L. V., & O'Keefe, P. J. (1992). “Cultural Heritage” or “Cultural Property” ? International Journal of Cultural Property, 1(2), 307-320.
Rab, S. (1997). The “Monument” in architecture and conservation-theories of architectural significance and their influence on restoration, preservation, and conservation. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA.
Randall, J. (2004). Managing Change, Changing Managers. London: Routledge.
Richards, J. (1994). Faadism. London: Routledge.
Riegl, A. (1996). The Modern Cult of monuments: Its Essence and Its Development. In N. S. Price, M. K. T. Jr. & A. M. Vaccaro (Eds.), Historical and Philosophical Issues in the Conservation of Cultural Heritage (pp. 69-83). Los Angeles: The Getty Conservation Institute.
Rizzo, I. (2002). Heritage Conservation: The Role of Heritage Authorities. In I. Rizzo & R. Towse (Eds.), The Economics of Heritage: A Study in the Political Economy of Culture in Sicily (pp. 31-47). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
Rizzo, I., & Towse, R. (Eds.). (2002). The Economics of Heritage: A Study in the Political Economy of Culture in Sicily. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
Robbins, S. P., & Cenzo, D. A. D. (1998). Fundamentals of Management: Essential Concepts and Applications (2nd ed.). New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
Robson, J., & Robson, I. (1996). From shareholders to stakeholders: critical issues for tourism marketers. Tourism Management, 17(7), 533-540.
Rodwell, D. (2002). The World Heritage Convention and the Exemplary management of Complex Heritage Sites. Journal of Architectural Conservation, 8(3), 40-60.
Rodwell, D. (2003). Approaches to Urban Conservation in Central and Eastern Europe. Journal of Architectural Conservation, 9(2), 22-40.
Rodwell, D. (2006). Managing Historic Cities: The Management plans for the Bath and Edinburgh World Heritage Sites. Journal of Architectural Conservation, 12(2), 41-61.
Ross, M. (1996). Planning and the Heritage: Policy and Procedures (2nd ed.). London: E & FN Spon.
Rssler, M., & Mentrey-Monchau, C. (2007). Periodic Report and Action Plan: Europe 2005-2006. Paris: UNESCO World Heritage Centre.
Rybczynski, W. (2004)。《等待周末：周休二日的起源與意義》(梁永安，譯)。台北：貓頭鷹出版社。
Ruskin, J. (1989). The Seven Lamps of Architecture (Dover ed.). New York: Dover Publications, INC.
Ruskin, J. (1851). The Stone of Venice. USA: American Publishers Corporation
Saaby, L. (1997). Protective legislation in an international perspective, In M. Denhez and S. Dennis (Eds), Legal and Financial Aspects of Architectural Conservation (pp. 21-31). Toronto: Dundurn Press.
Saba, Hann. & Salam, N. G. (1984). The Protection of Movable Cultural Property. Compendium of Legislative Texts, Volumes I and II . Paris: UNESCO.
Salamon, L. M., & Anheier, H. K. (1997). Defining the Nonprofit Sector: A cross-national analysis. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Savage, M. (1988) The missing link? The relationship between spatial mobility and social mobility, British Journal of sociology, 39, 554-577.
Sawers, D. (1998). The National Trust: The Private Provision of Heritage Services. In P. Alan (Ed.), Does The Past Have a Future?: The Political Economy of Heritage (pp. 97-116). London: The Institute of Economic Affairs.
Schiffer, S. R. (2004). Monitoring the Conservation of Historical Heritage through a Participatory Process. In H. Stovel (Ed.), Monitoring World Heritage (pp. 110-116). Paris: UNESCO World Heritage Centre and ICCROM.
Schouten, F. F. J. (1995). Heritage as historical reality. In D. T. Herbert (Ed.), Heritage, Tourism and Society (pp. 21-31), London: Mansell.
Sedlmayr, J., & Dek, Z. (2004). The Venice Charter and the Architectural Rehabilitation of Hungarian Historic Monuments(1964-2004-2044), The Venice Charter 1964-2004-2044？, Budapest-Pcs, 2004.05.22-27, pp.144-149.
Selfslagh, B. (2002). Monitoring World Heritage: A View from a World Heritage Committee Delegate. Paper presented at the World Heritage 2002 Shared Legacy, Common Responsibility Associated Workshops.
Serageldin,I., Shluger, E., & Martin-Brown, J. (2001). Historic Cities and Sacred Sites: Cultural Roots for Urban Futures. Washington: The World Bank.
Sessa, C. (2004). Cultural Heritage protection with integrated policies. In C. Saiz-Jimenez (Ed.), Air Pollution and Cultural Heritage (pp. 271-274). London: Balkema.
Shackley, M. (2000). Visitor Management: Case Studies from World Heritage Sites. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Shearing, S. (2007, October). Here Today, Gone Tomorrow? Climate Change and World Heritage. (Macquarie Law Working Paper No. 2007-11). Retrieved June 13, 2008, from http://ssrn.com/abstract=1021146
Shepherd, R. (2006). UNESCO and the politics of cultural heritage in Tibet. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 36(2), 243-257.
Shipley, R., & Kovacs, J. (2005). Principles for the Governance of the Heritage Conservation Sector in Canada: Lessons from International Experience. Waterloo: Heritage Resources Centre.
Sigala, M., & Leslie, D. (2005). International Cultural Tourism: mamagement, implications and cases. Oxford: Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann.
Silva, R. (1983). The significance of the Venice International Charter for the Conservation and Restoration of Monuments and Sites, with special reference to Eastern Countries. Scientific Journal THE VENICE CHARTER 1964-1994, pp.40-44. Retrieved November 12, 2004, from the World Wide Web: http://www.international.icomos.org/venicecharter2004/silva.pdf
Skeates, R. (2000). Debating the Archaeological Heritage. London: Duckworth.
Smith, A. (2007). Building Capacity in Pacific Island Heritage Management: Lessons from Those Who Know Best. Journal of the World Archaeological Congress, 3(3), 335-352.
Smith, L. (2000). ‘Doing Archaeology’ cultural heritage management and its role in identifying the link between archaeological practice and theory. International Journal of Heritage Studies, 6(4), 309-316.
Spellerberg, I. F. (1991). Monitoring ecological change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Spennemann, D. H. R. (2007). An Integrated Architecture for Effective Heritage Site Management Planning. CRM: The Journal of Heritage Stewardship, 4(2), 18-28.
Stansky, P. (1985)。《摩理斯》 (張旺山，譯)。台北：聯經出版社。
Stipe, R. E. (Ed.) (2003). A Richer Heritage: Historic Preservation in the Twenty-First Century. London: Chapel Hill.
Stovel, H. (1987). Managing change in vernacular settings. APT Bulletin, 19(3), 4-6.
Stovel, H. (1995). Monitoring World Cultural Heritage Sites. ICOMOS Canada Bulletin, 4(3), 15-20.
Stovel, H. (1998). Risk Preparedness: A Management Manual for World Cultural Heritage. Rome: ICCROM.
Stovel, H. (2007). Effective Use of Authenticity and Integrity as World Heritage Qualifying Conditions. City & Time, 2(3), 21-36.
Strong, R. (1997). ‘External factors: State and local government controls: community expectations’, mimeo of a paper presented at Business With Style: Adapting Heritage Buildings for Commercial Use, New South Wales Government, Heritage Offices, Sydney.
Stubbs, M. (2004). Heritage-sustainability: Developing a methodology for the sustainable appraisal of the historic environment. Planning, Practice & Research, 19(3), 285-305.
Taylor, E. B. (1903). Primitive Culture：Research into the Development of Mythology. Philosophy, Religion, Language, Arts and Custom, Vol. 1, pp.1. London: John Murray.
Taylor, K. (2004) Cultural Heritage Management: A possible role for charters and principles in Asia, International Journal of Heritage Studies, 10 (5), 417-433.
Taylor, R. (2006). The National Trust. In A. Hems, & Blockley, M. (Ed.), Heritage Interpretation (pp. 97-109). Abingdon: Routledge.
Techera, E. J. (2007). Protection of Cultural Heritage in Times of Armed Conflict: The International Legal Framework Revisited. Macquarie Journal of International and Comparative Environmental Law, 4(1), 1-20.
Teutonico, J. M., & Matero, F. (2003). Managing Change: sustainable approaches to the conservation of built environment. Los Angles: The Getty Conservation Institute.
The World Bank (2004). Influential Evaluations: Evaluations that Improved Performance and Impacts of Development Programs. Washington: The World Bank.
The World Bank (2004). Monitoring and Evaluation: Some Tools, Methods and Approaches. Washington: The World Bank.
Thody, P. (2001)。《歐洲聯盟簡史》(鄭棨元，譯)。台北：三民書局。
Thomas, H. (1994). The New Right: “race” and planning in Britain in the 1980s and 1990s. Planning Practice and Research, 9, 353-66.
Thompson, M. (1979). Rubbish Theory: The creation and destruction of value. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Thompson, P. R. (1967). The work of William Morris. London: Heinemann.
Throsby, D. (1997). Seven Questions in the Economic of Culture Heritage. In M, Hutter & I. Rizzo (Eds.), Economic Perspectives on Cultural Heritage (pp.13-30). London: Macmillan press Ltd.
Throsby, D. (2001). Economics and Culture, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Throsby, D. (2003a). Sustainability in the Conservation of the Built Environment: An Economist's Perspective. In J. M. Teutonico & F. Matero (Eds.), Managing Change: sustainable approaches to the conservation of built environment (pp. 3-10). Los Angles: The Getty Conservation Institute.
Throsby, D. (2003b)。《文化經濟學》(張維倫、潘筱瑜、蔡宜真、鄒歷安，合譯)。台北：典藏藝術家庭。
Tilden, F. (1977). Interpreting Our Heritage. USA: University of North Carolina Press.
Torre, M. d. l., MacLean, M. G. H., Mason, R., & Myers, D. (2005). Heritage Values in Site Management: Four Case Studies. Los Angeles: The Getty Conservation Institute.
Towse, R. (2002). The Cultural Economy of Heritage. In I. Rizzo & R. Towse (Eds.), The Economics of Heritage: A Study in the Political Economy of Culture in Sicily (pp. 3-19). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
Tunbridge, J. E. (1994). Whose Heritage? : Global problem, European nightmare. In G. J. Ashworth & P. J. Larkham (Eds.), Building A New Heritage: Tourism, Culture and Identity in the New Europe (pp. 123-134). London: Routledge.
Tunbridge, J. E., & Ashworth, G. J. (1996). Dissonant Heritage: The Management of the Past as a Resource in Conflict. Chichester: Wiley.
Tung, A. M. (2001). Preserving The Worlds Great Cities: the destruction and renewal of the historic metropolis. New York: Three Rivers Press.
Tyler, N. (2000). Historic Preservation: An introduction to its history, principles, and practice. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
Urry, J. (1996). How Societies Remember the Past. In S. Macdonald & G. Fyfe (Eds.), Theorizing Museums: representing identity and diversity in a changing world (pp. 45-68). Cambridge: Blackwell.
Urry, J. (2002). The Tourist Gaze (2nd ed.). London: Sage Publications Ltd.
Urry, J. (2007)。《觀光客的凝視》(葉浩，譯)。台北：書林出版有限公司。
Uzzell, D. L. (Ed.). (1989). Heritage Interpretation Volume1: The Natural and Built Environment. London: Belhaven Press.
Uzzell, D. L. (Ed.). (1989). Heritage Interpretation Volume2: The Visitor Experience. London: Belhaven Press.
Uzzell, D. (1996). Heritage interpretation in Britain four decades after Tilden. In R. Harrison (Ed.), Manual of Heritage Management (pp. 293-302). Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Vrdoljak, A. F. (2007). International Destruction of Cultural Heritage and International Law. In K. Koufa (Ed.), Multiculturalism and international law: Thesaurus Acroasium (Vol. XXXV, pp. 377-396). Thessaloniki: Sakkoulas Publications.
Walker, M., & Marquis-Kyle, P. (2004). The Illustrated Burra Charter: good practices for heritage places. Australia: Australia ICOMOS Inc.
Ward, C. (1973). Vandalism. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company.
Warnier, Jean-Piere (2003)。《文化全球化》(吳錫德，譯)。台北：麥田出版。
Watt, D., & Swallow, P. (1996). Surveying Historic Buildings, UK: Donhead.
Wells, J. (2007). The Plurality of Truth in Culture, Context, and Heritage: a (mostly) post-structuralist analysis of urban conservation charters. City & Time, 3(2), 1-13.
Wheelen, T. L., & Hunger, J. D. (2006). Strategic Management and Business Policy: concepts and cases (tenth ed.). New Jersey: Pearson Education Ltd.
Wijesuriya, G., Wright, E., & Ross, P. (2004). Cultural Context, Monitoring and Management Effectiveness (Role of Monitoring and its Application at National Levels). In H. Stovel (Ed.), Monitoring World Heritage (pp. 70-75), Paris: UNESCO World Heritage Centre and ICCROM
Williams, A. M., & Shaw, G. (1998). Tourism and Economic Development: European Experiences (3rd ed.). Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.
Williams, R. (1976). Keyword: A Vocabulary of Culture and Society. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Woodward, C. (2006)。《人在廢墟》(張讓，譯)。台北：邊城出版。
World Heritage Centre (2003). Periodic Report Africa. Paris: UNESCO World Heritage Centre.
World Heritage Centre (2004a). Monitoring World Heritage. Paris: UNESCO World Heritage Centre and ICCROM.
World Heritage Centre (2004b). Periodic Report and Regional Programme: Arab States 2000-2003. Paris: UNESCO World Heritage Centre.
World Heritage Centre (2004c). The State of World Heritage in the Asia-Pacific Region 2003. Paris: UNESCO World Heritage Centre.
World Heritage Centre. (2004d). Linking Universal and Local Values: Managing a Sustainable Future for World Heritage. Paris: UNESCO World Heritage Centre.
World Heritage Centre (2005). Basic Texts of the 1972 World Heritage Convention. Paris: UNESCO World Heritage Centre.
Yoshida, N. (2005). do.co.mo.mo Japan: the 100 selections. The Japan Architect, 57.