摘要
髖關節發育異常（Developmental Dyplasia of the Hip : DDH）是在幼兒中常見的疾病。據美國臨床統計，每1000名新生兒就會有1-2位會發生先天性的DDH。DDH的成因非常複雜。可能是因為先天性的關節異常、或是關節的鬆脫、異常的肌肉拉力、股骨頭病變等。由於DDH隱含著髖關節的發育和成長，因此發育中的青少年或成人也會因為其他關節病變或異常而罹患DDH。
在臨床對於DDH治療的目標，是希望能穩定關節，使關節維持在正常關係。但是，由於臨床缺乏可以針對個別病患之力學特性做有效評估的工具，因此造成臨床醫師在診治DDH病患的困難。
本研究係結合步態分析系統，利用下肢簡化之剛體模型計算單腳脫位之DDH病患的髖關節力，並藉由三維有限元素法探討DDH病患骨盆之生物力學特性，建立未來有限元素法應用於DDH病患的研究方法。
由步態分析系統的關節力計算結果，針對更合理的有限元素模型之力學條件探討是有其必要性的。而在有限元素模擬部分，病患骨盆之密質骨為主要承受關節力的部位。在正常側及脫位側之密質骨，關節力皆朝恥骨和薦骨-腸股關節傳遞。並且，在脫位側之應力沿髖臼緣傳遞。而在海綿骨的部分，高應力主要分佈在腸股的背側，但是在正常及脫位側之應力分佈有明顯的不同，主要是由於脫位關節之關節力直接施於腸骨背側造成。

Abstract
The DDH is common disease in the new born infant and the adolescence as well as the adult could also be involved with the DDH. However, the basic biomechanical information is unclear and this information is important for the evaluation an treatment of this disease.
In this study, a unilateral dislocated DDH patient was employed to investigate the biomechanical response of the DDH. Both motion analysis and finite element simulation were used to perform the investigation through the comparison of the affected and normal sides. The results of motion analysis were used to obtain the joint reaction force, which was then input as the loading condition of finite element simulation. The results indicated that cortical bone was the major load carrier in both normal and affected pelvis and loading transferred from femoral head to the sacro-iliac joint as well as pubic bone. However, for the DDH side the loading was concentrated at the brim of acetabulum while the normal side was concentrated with the acetabulum joint. For the tabecular bone, the loading on pelvis, both normal and DDH side, was located the iliac wing but the DDH side had a greater stress value than the normal side. The major reason for these various stress distribution was due to the different loading conditions between the DDH and normal sides. Further investigation of the load condition through motion analysis is required to accurately represent the condition in dislocated hip join.

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