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研究生: 吳秉倫
Wu, Ping-Lun
論文名稱: 量子侷限效應於銫鉛溴化物鈣鈦礦量子點放光及單光子發射特性之影響
Phenomenon of Carrier Recombination and Single Photon Emitting Characteristics by Quantum Confinement Effect in Cesium Lead Bromide Quantum Dots
指導教授: 徐旭政
Hsu, Hsu-Cheng
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 理學院 - 光電科學與工程學系
Department of Photonics
論文出版年: 2022
畢業學年度: 110
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 58
中文關鍵詞: 溴化銫鉛鈣鈦礦量子點量子侷限效應激子束縛能單光子發射器
外文關鍵詞: CsPbBr3, perovskite, quantum dots, quantum confinement effect, exciton binding energy, single photon emitter
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  • 半導體量子點的尺寸介於數奈米之間,擁有不同於塊材的物理特性,吸收和放光能量因為特殊的能帶結構和被限制的激子而改變,這種效應使我們可以視需求調整材料的放光。銫鉛溴化物鈣鈦礦量子點在近年受到相當的關注,因為具有可調控的放光波長、高放光效率及窄放光線寬等優異的光學特性,使其能夠被應用於太陽能電池、
    發光二極體和雷射等光電元件。
    在本篇論文中,我們使用溶液法製做出銫溴鉛鈣鈦礦量子點,並透過調整製程溫度控制產出的量子點的尺寸,成長出尺寸介於 9 nm 至 13 nm 的量子點。首先,在穩態光致發光光譜中觀察到放光波長隨量子點尺寸縮小而逐漸藍移。透過不同激發光強度的光致發光光譜量測,我們知道量子點的放光由激子複合機致主導。接著為了探討
    量子侷限效應對激子行為的影響,我們在不同溫度下進行光致發光量測,觀察在低溫下沒有熱能影響時的放光行為,並使用阿瑞尼斯方程式擬和實驗結果得到不同大小的量子點的激子束縛能。
    最後我們對不同大小的量子點進行光子相干性量測,探討量子侷限效應的強度對時間為 0 時的二階相干函數(g(2)(0))數值的影響,根據先前實驗的結果,量子點的放光波長越短表示其量子侷限效應越強。統整量子點放光波長對 g(2)(0)的關係,發現量子侷限效應越強的量子點能產生越低的 g(2)(0)。

    Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) with particle sizes in the nanometer range have distinct physical properties between bulk materials. The absorption and emission energies have been shifted due to the unique band structures and confined excitons. This effect gives us a probability to adjust the luminescence as needed. In recent years, cesium lead halide perovskite QDs have been attracted wide attention for their outstanding optical properties such as tunable emission wavelength, high luminescence efficiency and narrow emission linewidth, being one of promising materials for solar cell, LED, and laser.
    In this work, CsPbBr3 QDs were synthesized through the solution method. The QDs with diameter ranging from 9 nm to 13 nm were produced by controlling process temperature.
    First, the steady-state photoluminescence (PL) results show that a blue shift of the emission position was observed with the decrease in QDs sizes. The origin of the carrier recombination was found to be excitonic recombination by analyzing the excitation powerdependent PL measurement. The exciton binding energies with different particle sizes were calculated using Arrhenius equation.
    Finally, we performed HBT experiment on diluted various QDs’ sizes to study the relation between the strength of quantum confinement effect and the value of the second order correlation function at t = 0 (g(2)(0)). According to pervious result of our study, higher emission energy represents stronger quantum confinement. The relationship between the emission wavelength and the value of g (2)(0) was unified, gave a lower g(2)(0)in the QD with stronger confinement.

    摘要 I Abstract II 致謝 VII 目錄 VIII 表目錄 XI 圖目錄 XII Chapter 1. 介紹 1 1.1. 前言 1 1.2. 歷史回顧 3 1.2.1. 鈣鈦礦歷史 3 1.2.2. 量子點歷史 7 1.3. 動機 10 Chapter 2. 物理理論 11 2.1. 鈣鈦礦量子點特性 11 2.1.1. 鈣鈦礦量子點結構 11 2.1.2. 鈣鈦礦量子點光學特性 12 2.1.3. 量子侷限效應 14 2.2. 光致發光 17 2.3. 激子束縛能(Exciton Binding Energy) 19 2.4. 光子相干性 20 2.4.1. 二階相干函數(Second Order Correlation Function, g(2)(τ)) 20 2.4.2. 非輻射俄歇複合(Nonradiative Auger Recombination) 22 Chapter 3. 實驗方法 24 3.1. CsPbBr3量子點樣品製備 24 3.2. CsPbBr3量子點材料分析 26 3.2.1. 穿透式電子顯微鏡(Transmission Electron Microscope, TEM) 26 3.2.2. X光繞射儀(X-Ray Diffraction, XRD) 27 3.3. CsPbBr3量子點光學特性量測 29 3.3.1. 光致發光量測(μ-Photoluminescence, μ-PL) 29 3.3.2. 變溫光致發光量測 30 3.3.3. 範圍光致發光量測(PL Mapping) 31 3.3.4. Hanbury Brown Twiss實驗(HBT Experiment) 32 Chapter 4. 結果與討論 34 4.1. 形貌及結構分析 34 4.1.1. TEM影像 34 4.1.2. XRD分析 36 4.2. 基本光學特性 38 4.2.1. 光致發光特性 38 4.2.2. 變激發強度光致發光量測 39 4.3. 量子侷限效應對激子束縛能影響 41 4.3.1. 變溫光致發光量測 41 4.3.2. 激子束縛能 43 4.3.3. 激子-聲子耦合 45 4.4. 量子侷限效應對單光子發射純度影響 47 4.4.1. 量子點分散 47 4.4.2. 單光子發光特性量測 49 Chapter 5. 結論與未來展望 52 5.1. 結論 52 5.2. 未來展望 53 參考文獻 54

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