水庫淤泥添加不同種類之助熔劑離子製備輕質骨材，使用的助熔劑有氧化鈣、碳酸鈉、氫氧化鈉以及三氧化二鐵，結果顯示鈉鈣離子可增進淤泥在熱處理過程中玻璃相的形成，封閉骨材中的連通孔洞進而降低輕質骨材的吸水率，但是過多的玻璃相形成則是會降低骨材的強度並使骨材樣品沾黏於坩鍋之上，在取下後造成樣品破裂而使吸水率上升；在各種助熔劑的添加下，鈉離子可大幅度降低製造輕質骨材的燒製溫度，其中以氫氧化鈉製備之輕質骨材具有高強度的表現，因為氫氧化鈉可與水庫淤泥產生無機聚合反應，樣品經過熱硬化處理後，可形成無機聚合物，因此在高溫燒製時，膨脹行為雖然發生但是樣品仍具有高強度的表現；添加三氧化二鐵無法增進膨脹行為的發生，在體密度的量測結果中顯示添加三氧化二鐵之樣品並無具有低密度表現，其密度表現與水庫淤泥原樣製成之骨材雷同，經由X光繞射分析後亦無發現任何方鐵礦(FeO)的存在，僅有赤鐵礦(Fe2O3)的存在，表示三氧化二鐵沒有發生任何氧化還原反應產生氧氣促進膨脹行為；製造骨材的熱處理條件以快速升溫(15 ºC/min)及長時持溫(30 min)較佳，因為快速升溫可使淤泥在燒製時，增加有機物造成的殘碳量，增加氣體的產生量，而長時持溫可確保膨脹行為發生完整，製得具有低密度之骨材。

Lightweight aggregates were produced from water reservoir sediment with various added flux agents including CaO, Na2CO3, NaOH, and Fe2O3. The result shows that Ca2+ and Na+ ions promoted the formation of glassy phase sealing the connecting pores in lightweight aggregates, reducing the water absorption of aggregates. More amount of glassy phase decreased the strength of aggregates and resulted in samples sticking to crucible. When the samples were taken off, the cracks was produced which increased the water absorption. Comparison to each flux ion, sodium ion substantially decreased the firing temperature for manufacturing lightweight aggregates. The aggregates produced from the sediment with added NaOH owned high strength performance due to the formation of geopolymer after the pre-curing process of the mixtures. The samples owned the property of geopolymer owning high strength performance though the bloating behavior occurred. The measurement of bulk density shows that the addition of Fe2O3 can not promote the bloating behavior, the bulk densities of the sample with added Fe2O3 are similar with those of samples without any added Fe2O3. Fe2O3 did not reduce into FeO to produce O2 gas, promoting bloating behavior, since no wuestite was found in XRD measurement, but hematite. The suitable condition for manuscript lightweight aggregates is employing faster heating rate (15 ºC/min) and longer duration time (30min), because faster heating rate results in more residue of carbon from the decomposition of organic matters increasing the production of gas and longer duration time results in a completing bloating behavior to produce aggregates with low bulk density.

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