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研究生： 黃書毅
Huang, Shu-Yi
論文名稱： 基於多姿勢電腦斷層掃描影像之大拇指基關節運動量化分析
Quantitative Motion Analysis of Trapeziometacarpal Joint by Using Multi-Posture Computer Tomography Images
指導教授： 孫永年
Sun, Yung-Nien
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 電機資訊學院 - 資訊工程學系
Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering
論文出版年： 2013
畢業學年度： 101
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 57
中文關鍵詞： 大拇指基關節 、自由度 、電腦斷層掃描影像
外文關鍵詞： Trapeziometacarpal Joint, Degree of Freedom, Computer Tomography Images
相關次數： 點閱：105  下載：1 
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    • 手是人們使用相當頻繁的器官之一，所以手部關節功能容易退化或產生病變，造成患者之不便。尤其大拇指基關節(Trapeziometacarpal Joint, TMC Joint)是經常發生病變的部位。拇指基關節病變主要是在大拇指根部，也就是大拇指連接到手腕的第一個關節。與其他手指比較起來，大拇指具有較為特殊的解剖構造，具有較高的運動自由度。大拇指基關節是手部活動度及活動範圍最大的關節，它具有伸彎、內收外展及轉動的功能。
    三維(Three-dimensional, 3D)的醫學成像系統在結構解析度的呈現上較好的兩種分別為核磁共振影像（MRI）與電腦斷層掃描（CT）。由於我們著重於關節骨塊的影像分析，故利用電腦斷層掃描對於硬組織具有良好解像力之特性，拍攝運動序列中的幾個姿勢，再利用此大拇指基關節多個姿勢的電腦斷層掃描影像進行關節結構運動狀態的重建以及關節面生物力學參數的量測與分析。整體來說，本研究包含四項重點，分別為骨塊自動分割、建構關節模型、計算關節運動參數、與關節參數及運動視覺化，以進行同受測者(Intra-subject)與不同受測者(Inter-subject)之相關關節運動分析。研究成果將對大拇指基關節的生物力學探討有所幫助，也能協助人工關節製作與評估關節置換手術之成效。

    Hand is one of the most used organs in our daily life. Due to the frequent use, the joint function of hand is easy to degrade and produce lesion, especially thumb’s Trapeziometacarpal joint (TMC joint). The pathology of TMC joint occurs at the base of thumb, i.e. the first joint between thumb and wrist. Compared to other fingers, thumb has a unique anatomical structure which has more degrees of freedom of motion. Basically the structure of hand is chain linked conformation with the characteristics of different finger joint having different degree of freedom of motion. Among all joints, TMC joint is the joint with the maximum degrees of freedom of motion and therefore has wider range of motion including adduction, abduction, extension, flexion and rotation.
    Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Computed Tomography (CT) have better anatomical resolution than other 3D medical imaging systems. Due to the high image resolution for bone tissue, CT was used to scan multiple postures of thumb motion for each subject. Then, the CT images were used to reconstruct 3D TMC joint model for each motion posture of thumb for each subject. Meanwhile, the bio-mechanics parameters of contact surface of TMC joint were calculated.
    Overall, there are four major contributions in this study: automatic bone segmentation, 3D bone model construction, joint parameter calculation and bone parameter visualization for intra-subject and inter-subject analyses. The results of this study can provide not only valuable information for TMC joint bio-mechanics study but also supply joint contact surface information for artificial joint manufacture and evaluate effectiveness of artificial joint replacement surgery.

    摘要 I ABSTRACT II ACKNOWLEDGEMENT IV CONTENTS V LIST OF FIGURES VII LIST OF TABLES IX CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Motivation and Background 1 1.2 Related Works 3 1.3 Thesis Organization and System Flow Chart 8 CHAPTER 2 METHODS AND MATERIALS 10 2.1 Subjects and Data Acquisition 10 2.2 Reference Model Establishment 11 2.2.1 Bone Selected by User 11 2.2.2 Automatic Segmentation 13 2.2.3 Rough Reference Model Establishment 13 2.2.4 Model-based Registration 16 2.2.5 Reference Model Refinement 19 2.3 Registration-based Segmentation 22 2.3.1 Initial Posture Models Matching 22 2.3.2 Model-based Registration 26 2.3.3 Bone Model Deformation 27 CHAPTER 3 JOINT SEGMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT 29 3.1 Intra-subject 29 3.1.1 Mean Model 29 3.1.2 Distance Map 31 3.1.3 Simulation and Animation 33 3.2 Inter-subject 37 3.2.1 General Mean Model 37 3.3 Validation 38 3.3.1 Target subject_1 39 3.3.2 Target subject_2 43 3.3.3 General Mean Model 47 CHAPTER 4 EXPERIMENT 48 4.1 Environment 48 4.2 Data Acquisition 49 4.3 Simulation 50 CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK 52 5.1 Conclusions 52 5.2 Future Works 52 REFERENCES 54 VITA 57

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