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研究生: 江昀軒
Chiang, Yun-Hsuan
論文名稱: 模擬高齡者手部的穿戴式約束裝置設計
Design of a Wearable Restraint Device to Simulate Hand Strength in the Elderly
指導教授: 黃才炯
Huang, Tsai-Jiung
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 機械工程學系
Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年: 2021
畢業學年度: 109
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 144
中文關鍵詞: 高齡者模擬體驗裝手部動作握力之肌力量測實驗扭力之肌力量測實驗
外文關鍵詞: Aging suit, movements of hand, gripping strength experiment, torsion strength experiment
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  • 由於現今的衛生以及醫療體系的迅速進步,國人的平均壽命逐年增加,加上出生率的低落,使人口結構已經邁入「高齡社會」,預估2026年台灣老年人口比例將超越20%,進入超高齡社會。高齡化社會已是全球許多國家皆會面臨到的挑戰,人口高齡化也足以左右社會的經濟發展和產業型態。高齡者模擬體驗裝(Ageing suit)是老人服務產業與醫療院所之專業教學輔具,也做為年輕人與老年人代間教育之教具,可以用於推廣高齡教育,使年輕人體驗高齡者因身體老化肌肉退化而造成的行動不便。但常見的體驗裝限制手部的地方大多是以束套拘束為主,並未針對手部老化後對於握力和扭力肌力下降數值進行設計。
    本研究參考文獻中蒐集高齡者與年輕人的握力數據和轉動蓋子的扭力數據,以此作為依據設計高齡者手部模擬限制裝置的限制機構,接著透過轉動調整裝置上的螺帽位置來改變彈簧壓縮的初始位置,以手指拉動裝置使彈簧產生不同壓縮量,做出針對手部老化且可調整老化程度的高齡者模擬限制裝置,使穿戴者可以模擬老年人手部退化之後行動的不方便,並體驗出不同老化程度的感覺。
    本研究透過臨床的握力之肌力量測實驗,及扭力的肌力量測實驗,來進行高齡者手部模擬限制裝置的限制效果評估,實驗共募集22位年輕受試者進行實驗,男性跟女性都各別有11位。透過受試者正常情況之下進行實驗和穿著高齡者手部模擬限制裝置後進行實驗,發現穿戴裝置後可確實使手部的握力數值及轉動蓋子的扭力數值下降,並能在模擬出不同歲組之高齡者握力的部分做出調整。其中在女性受試者在模擬老化的結果,與實際高齡者老化後的握力以及轉動蓋子的扭力下降的數值非常接近。

    Due to the improvement of the health and medical systems, people’s average life is increasing. And with the low birth rate, Taiwan has entered "aged society", and the elderly population will exceed 20% soon. Aging society is a challenge for many countries around the world. And that will influence the economic development and industrial pattern of the society. The ageing suit can let young people experience the inconvenience of movement caused by muscles degeneration of the elderly. Ageing suit is a nice teaching aid for the elderly service industry and medical institutions. And it can be used to promote senior education. However, the common experience equipment restricts the hands only by the restraint. Ageing suit usually has not designed the value of the grip and torsion by muscle strength after the aging of the hand.
    As a restraint device based on the hand simulation restraint device for the elderly. This research collected data on the grip strength and the torque of the elderly and young people from reference data. Then change the initial position of the position of spring compression by turning the nut position on the adjusting device. And we can pull the device with fingers to produce different compressions of the spring. So that the wearer can simulate the inconvenience of the elderly and experience the feeling of different aging, after wearing the wearable restraint device.
    In this study, we use the grip strength experiment and the torsion strength experiment to evaluate the limitation effect of the wearable restraint device of the elderly. The experiment recruited 22 young participant for the experimentation. There are 11 males and 11 females. The experiment was carried out through the experiment under normal conditions of the participant and under the conditions of wearing the wearable restraint device. We found that wearing the device can reduce the hand grip strength and the torque strength when wearing this wearable restraint device. And we can make adjustments to simulate different age groups grip strength of the elderly.

    摘要 I 致謝 VII 目錄 VIII 表目錄 XII 圖目錄 XIV 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 前言 1 1.2 研究動機及目的 4 1.3 各高齡者模擬體驗裝置回顧 6 1.4 論文架構 10 第二章 研究背景 13 2.1 手部構造與動作 13 2.1.1 手部動作 13 2.1.2 前臂和手部骨骼 14 2.1.3 前臂和手部肌肉 15 2.2 肌肉介紹 18 2.2.1 肌肉組織 18 2.2.2 骨骼肌 19 2.2.3 肌肉收縮 20 2.3 老化造成的影響 21 2.3.1 老化造成影響 21 2.3.2 骨骼肌的老化 22 2.3.3 關節的老化 23 2.3.4 肌少症 24 2.4 握力之肌力量測方法 26 2.4.1 握力測試方法 26 2.4.2 握力量測儀器介紹 27 2.4.3 量測數據參考 28 2.5 扭力之肌力量測方法 30 2.5.1 扭力測試方法 30 2.5.2 扭力量測儀器介紹 32 2.5.3 量測數據參考 36 第三章 限制機構設計 38 3.1 設計目標及概念 38 3.1.1設計目標 38 3.1.2設計目標概念 39 3.1.3阻力使用 41 3.2 手指部分機構設計 42 3.2.1 手指握力運動模擬 42 3.2.2 握力數據參考 44 3.2.3 限制握力機構設計 48 3.2.4 手指阻力控制 56 3.2.5 各零件尺寸計算 58 3.2.6 各零件最終選用尺寸 60 3.2.7 限制握力機構圖示 62 3.3 手腕部分機構設計 63 3.3.1 手腕動作分析 63 3.3.2 扭力數據參考 63 3.3.3 限制扭力機構設計 65 3.3.4 各零件尺寸計算 69 3.3.5 各零件最終選用尺寸 70 3.3.6 限制扭力機構圖示 72 3.3.7 機構圖示 74 3.4 機構加工及實體化 75 3.4.1 機構製造與實體化 75 3.4.2 機構印製與組裝 78 3.4.3 裝置展示 80 第四章 限制機構限制效果評估 83 4.1 實驗前置測驗與資料 83 4.1.1受試者基本資料蒐集 83 4.1.2上肢功能受損程度問卷(DASH) 84 4.1.3受試者基本資料 86 4.2 實驗流程 88 4.3 握力之肌力量測實驗 90 4.3.1 實驗介紹 90 4.3.2 實驗設備 90 4.3.3 實驗方法 91 4.3.4 實驗結果 95 4.3.5 小結 107 4.3.6 更換彈簧實驗 108 4.4 扭力之肌力量測實驗 112 4.4.1 實驗介紹 112 4.4.2 實驗設備 112 4.4.3 實驗方法 115 4.4.4 實驗結果 120 4.4.5 小結 132 第五章 結論與建議 133 5.1 結論 133 5.2 未來發展與建議 134 參考文獻 136 附錄A 140 附錄B 141 Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) 141

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