本研究係探討混凝對表面水濁度之去除，藉由添加高分子凝聚劑，探討高濁度人工原水之處理成效。高濁度人工原水乃取南化淨水場調勻池內之底泥加入實驗室自來水中配製而成。進行瓶杯試驗，藉由改變混凝劑種 (多元氯化鋁 (PAC)、硫酸鋁及氯化鐵) 及加量，以探討濁度去除程度及所產生污泥之體積，同時分析混凝沉澱後上澄液內顆粒粒徑分佈及殘餘鋁量。此後，藉濁度去除之最佳混凝劑PAC，並在其最佳加藥量情況下，加入不同高分子凝聚劑種 (C-24、C-55、A-100、A-300) 為助凝劑時，探討其對濁度去除之影響。
研究結果顯示，不論何種混凝劑當過低劑量時，對濁度之去除幾乎不能發揮任何作用；而當人工原水濁度增加時，混凝劑之最佳加藥量有隨之增加之趨勢。在濁度去除方面混凝劑以PAC效果最佳，顯示其為最佳混凝劑，然而加藥量過多時，易造成污泥體積遽增。此外，以硫酸鋁為混凝劑時，較易消耗鹼度，故其加藥量控制不佳時，易造成溶解性鋁濃度過高。以多元氯化鋁為混凝劑，在最佳加藥量 (10 mg/L as Al) 下並添加高分子凝聚劑作為助凝劑，結果顯示高分子凝聚劑對於濁度去除以中強陽離子型 (C-24) 之效果為較佳。另以PAC為混凝劑，其混凝沉澱後之上澄液溶解性鋁較多，然於最佳加藥量時，顆粒性鋁明顯降低。混凝沉澱後之上澄液總顆粒數量與濁度並非有一定關係。就整體而言，濁度去除效果較好時，其液相中顆粒總數量較少，且添加混凝劑之上澄液，其顆粒平均體積粒徑均有增加之趨勢。

This study elucidated the effect of polymer addition on the performance of coagulation process for high turbidity surface water. Jar tests were conducted with artificial high turbidity water prepared by adding into tap water the bottom mud from equalization tank in the Nan Hua Water Treatment Plant. Three chemicals, namely polyaluminum chloride (PAC)、aluminum sulfate (alum) and ferric chloride, were used as primary coagulants in this study. Various coagulant dosages were tasted in order to optimize the processes, which including lower supernatant turbidity and lower sludge volume. The particle size distribution and residual aluminum of the supernatant were also measured. Under the optimum condition of the primary coagulant, various polymers, namely C-24, C-55, A-100 and A-300, were tested as coagulation-aid.
The results show that there was no turbidity removal unless the coagulant dosage was higher than certain value. And the optimal coagulant dosage was proportional to the initial turbidity of the artificial raw waters. As far as turbidity removal is concerned, PAC performed best. However, the sludge volume increased drastically with increasing PAC dosage. When alum was need, the alkalinity reduction was more significant；and excessive residual aluminum may resulted when dosage control was not adequate. Under the optimum dosage of PAC (10 mg/L as Al), the polymer C-24 performed best, compared to other kinds of polymers. Furthermore, when PAC was need as primary coagulant, the dissolved aluminum concentration of supernatant was higher than that of other coagulants. However, under optimum dosage of PAC, particulate aluminum concentration of the supernatant decreased significantly.
For the supernatant after coagulation, there is no clear relationship between total particle count and turbidity. Generally speaking, those with better turbidity removal also have lower total particle count and larger average volume diameter for the residual particles in the supernatant.

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林月娟，淨水場污泥特性及污染負荷研究，國立台灣大學環境工程學研究所碩士論文，民國七十三年。
蔣中基，建立國內淨水場綜合效能評估制度研究，中華民國自來水協會技術研究委員會，民國八十九年。