论文主要介绍了路堤沉陷和轨道不整度对列车安全行驶的影响。在冬季，由于天气寒冷，永久冻土导致路堤沉降，伴随着铁路的不整度，列车可能会脱轨。这一现象在中国大陆西北部地区尤为严重。因此，火车在不规则铁路上行驶是不安全的。如果火车行驶速度很快，可能会导致出轨。
我们利用有限元模型来模拟路堤的沉陷和轨道不整度，然后引入脱轨系数来评估列车的安全性。铁路模型为JIS 60kg，列车重量为595t，列车长度为295m。我们使用FEA方法来进行分析，一共分析4秒，其实每一步我们分析的时间间隔为0.002秒。。结果表明，车速越高，沉降幅度越大，轨道不整度越大，列车脱轨系数越大。路堤的波形沉降波长越高，火车的脱轨系数越低。

The thesis mainly introduces the settlement effect on the train traffic safety. In winter, due to the cold weather, the permafrost leads to settlement of the rail, and the rail subsidence is inhomogeneous, so that the train can be derailed induced by this type of settlement. The phenomenon is particularly serious in the northwestern part of mainland China. Thus, the train is not safe to travel on the settled and irregular rail. Moreover, if the train travels very fast, it may cause derailment.
We generated the finite element model of the train moving on the embankment with the sine wave settlement and track irregularities, and the introduction of derailment coefficient was then used to evaluate the safety of the train. The rail model is JIS 60kg, the weight of the train is 595t, and the length of the train is 295m. We analyze the case of a train driving by using the FEA method for about 4 seconds on the settled and irregular rail with the time step length of 0.002 seconds. The results show that the higher the speed, the settlement amplitude and the rail irregularities, the higher the derailment coefficient of the train. The higher the settlement wavelength, the lower the derailment coefficient of the train.

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