背景：肥胖問題已在全球造成大流行，至今其盛行率仍在世界各地急劇增加。如何讓民眾有效自我檢視有關體重管理飲食與運動的行為，並發現問題癥結，是成功推動體重管理活動的重要策略。而有關行為的促進，學者提出自我效能為最有效預測健康行為的理論，提升其自我效能，將有助於行為的修正。然現今與體重管理相關的飲食及運動行為及其自我效能之調查，受限於需要填寫多種主題的問卷或過多的題項。
目的：發展與驗證與成人體重管理飲食及運動相關之行為與自我效能問卷之信效度。
方法：本研究分三階段進行，第一階段為問卷發展與內容效度檢定，飲食行為參考國內外相關的實證性研究所提及之因素，包含低脂飲食、均衡飲食、限制熱量攝取、定食用餐等；運動行為則根據WHO（2014）對成人身體活動量的建議標準擬定題項；自我效能參考國內外相關的實證性研究所探討之有關因素，擬定測量題項著重於減少熱量攝取的飲食自我效能與運動自我效能。問卷各題項之I-CVI介於0.83-1.00，行為總問卷之S-CVI/Ave為0.98，自我效能總問卷之S-CVI/Ave為0.97。第二階段為研究對象招募與問卷施測，以職場、學校及社區為樣本來源，招募425位成人進行自填問卷。第三階段為信效度驗證，以探索性因素分析與驗證性因素分析驗證建構效度，並以項目內在一致性檢定問卷信度。
結果：行為問卷初始擬定之14題項經探索性因素分析後全數保留，並歸為健康飲食行為、減少熱量攝取飲食行為、運動行為等三個因素，各因素負荷量.44至.82，總解釋變異量58.9%。經結構方程試驗證，顯示此三個因素具有良好的模式適配度（χ2/df=1.516、GFI=.931、AGFI=.903、RMR=.05、RMSEA=.048、CFI=.964）、收斂效度（題項的因素負荷量介於.51~.84之間，各因素組合信度皆為.8，平均變異抽取量介於.4~.6）與區辨效度（構面之間的標準化相關係數介於.42~.59，平均變異抽取量均大於相關係數的平方）。內在一致性Cronbach’s α .77至.83，顯示具可信度。自我效能問卷探索性因素分析後歸為克服額外熱量攝取之飲食效能、克服情境性障礙之運動效能、克服情緒性障礙之運動效能等三個因素，各因素負荷量.65至.88，總解釋變異量72.83%。經結構方程試驗證後，顯示此三個因素具有良好的模式適配度（χ2/df=2.168、GFI=.913、AGFI=.873、RMR=.049、RMSEA=.073、CFI=.959）、收斂效度（題項的因素負荷量介於.67~.89之間，各因素組合信度皆為.9，平均變異抽取量介於.6~.7）與區辨效度（構面之間的標準化相關係數介於.46~.73，平均變異抽取量均大於相關係數的平方）。內在一致性Cronbach’s α .87至.91，顯示具可信度。
結論：本問卷所發展之兩種短版問卷，經驗證後具有良好的信效度。可應用於不同場域，例如學校、職場與社區之民眾，甚至是肥胖高危險群成人自我瞭解健康飲食及運動相關之行為與自我效能，或提供健康專業人員快速檢視與體重管理有關的潛在族群之相關行為與自我效能。

This study aimed to develop and validate two short-form questionnaires of the behaviors and the self-efficacy related to weight management diet and exercise. It was conducted through the following phases: (1) developed the questionnaire items and evaluating the content validity by experts, (2) recruited 425 adults from workplace, school and community for filling in the self-report questionnaires, (3) examined the reliability and validity. The construct validity were examined by exploratory factor analysis(EFA) and Confirmatory factor analysis(CFA) using a structure equation model(SEM), while internal consistency was tested by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The results showed that these two short-form questionnaires of behaviors and self-efficacy related to weight management diet and the exercise were valid and reliable. It can be an effective tool for health professional providers or general population to quick view the related behaviors and self-efficacy.

Keyword: weight management, dietary behavior, exercise behavior, self-efficacy, questionnaire development

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