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研究生： 蔣亞翰
Chiang, Ya-Han
論文名稱： 使用者回控之Wi-Fi Display群播嵌入式系統設計與實作
Design and Implementation of Multicast Wi-Fi Display Model with User Input Back Channel on Embedded System
指導教授： 黃悅民
Huang, Yueh-Min
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 工程科學系
Department of Engineering Science
論文出版年： 2016
畢業學年度： 104
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 118
中文關鍵詞： Wi-Fi Display 、Wi-Fi Direct 、使用者回控機制(UIBC) 、IP multicast
外文關鍵詞： Wi-Fi Display, Wi-Fi Direct, User Input Back Channel (UIBC), IP multicast
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    • 近年來，智慧型手持裝置與Wi-Fi無線投影普及後，有些講者為了在進行演講、開會時，能與觀眾更好的互動而不想受於有線的束縛，所以開始傾向使用智慧型手持裝置內建的Wi-Fi無線投影功能並搭配目前市面上支援該功能的產品。而上述以這些產品建構的系統應用在公司企業、政府機構則十分方便，然而，應用在傳統校園，將會因為考量到成本、互動性和學生需求提高，導致不完全適合套用。
    本論文將基於上述提到的問題，而提出一個低成本的Wi-Fi無線投影並即時群播且兼具使用者回控的講者輔助系統，將應用於校園內使用傳統螢幕進行教學的環境中，來解決上述所提到的問題。為了建立上述系統的雛形，首先將經由以下4個步驟來完成WFD(Wi-Fi Display) Sink端的功能：Wi-Fi Direct連線建立與交涉過程、獲取多媒體串流、解析封包、播放影音。在此之後，只要將收到的多媒體串流群播給其他Cliens，將可達到群體即時同步顯示的效果。最後，在設計一個使用者輸入介面與使用者回控機制(UIBC)，即可遠端操控Android智慧型手持裝置。
    為了實現上述Model的雛形，將使用一個多媒體處理平台與一個支援Wi-Fi Direct的USB無線網路卡來實現WFD Sink端的功能，接著將WFD Sink端與其他Clients以實體網路線來連接到同一台AP Router上，完成一對多的群播。最後，整合微電腦硬體平台、Wii Remote、藍牙模組等硬體單元，來實作出使用者回控介面與機制。而在系統的測試部分，將使用一台Android智慧型手持裝置內建的WFD功能，來進行三種應用測試：寫字、讀檔、播放影片，並記錄與觀察在播放影片時的video slice size與audio slice size變化量，除了上述結果之外，還比較在多個Clients連結的情況下，使用重複性unicast傳送與IP multicast的佔有頻寬實際差別，來驗證使用IP multicast為群播的優點。

    As both Smart Handheld Devices (SHDs) and wireless display technologies have developed, many SHDs now have Wi-Fi Display (WFD) functionality built-in, and other embedded devices which support this functionality have arisen.Using the aforementioned devices to build a presentation system in a government agency or enterprise is quite convenient and user-friendly; however, they are not completely suitable in the classroom of a traditional school because of implementation costs and rising interactive demands.
    Due to the above considerations, we propose a low-cost Multicast Wi-Fi Display model with a User Input Back Channel (UIBC), and implement a prototype which can be applied to the teaching environment of the classroom. To build the system prototype, first of all the functionality of the WFD Sink needs to be accomplished. After that, the WFD Sink receives the streaming media from the WFD Source and multicasts it to other clients. Lastly, a User Input Back Channel (UIBC) is designed in this system prototype so that a user can remotely control an Android smart device.
    In order to implement the system prototype described above, we choose a multimedia processing platform as the WFD Sink, and integrate other devices and related modules, to accomplish multicast communication and UIBC. To prove the functionality of the system prototype works well, we select an Android Smartphone as the WFD Source, which screencasts three applications in sequence, and then the WFD Sink and other clients mostly display the streaming media simultaneously in real-time.

    摘要 I Extended Abstract II 誌謝 IX 目錄 X 表目錄 XIII 圖目錄 XIV 第一章　緒論 1 1.1研究動機 1 1.2研究目的 2 1.3章節提要 3 第二章 相關研究探討與產品回顧 4 2.1 Wi-Fi Display 4 2.1.1 Wi-Fi Direct 7 2.1.2即時串流相關協定 14 2.1.2.1 RTSP 14 2.1.2.2 RTP 15 2.1.3 MPEG2-TS 17 2.1.3.1 MPEG2-TS簡介 17 2.1.3.2 MPEG2-TS組成結構 19 2.1.3.3 PES組成結構 21 2.1.3.4 傳送端與接收端的系統時鐘同步解決機制 23 2.1.4 實現Wi-Fi Display的開源專案與相關文獻探討 26 2.1.5 依據市面上之產品討論Wi-Fi Display應用現況 28 2.2 使用者回控機制(User Input Back Channel) 29 2.3 多點群播相關標準與研究 31 2.3.1 Unicast與Multicast簡介 31 2.3.2 IP Multicast簡介 32 2.4 依據市面上之產品討論學術上可研究之處 34 2.4.1 Wi-Fi無線投影與使用者回控機制討論 34 2.4.2 Wi-Fi無線投影與群播討論 35 2.4.3 學術可研究之處 35 第三章 系統情境與系統架構 36 3.1 系統情境 36 3.2 系統架構 37 第四章 軟硬體平台介紹 39 4.1多媒體處理平台 39 4.2 Raspberry Pi Software Architecture 41 4.3 OpenMAX 42 4.3.1 OpenMAX IL 43 4.3.2 OpenMAX IL架構細部介紹 45 4.3.3 OpenMAX IL在Raspberry Pi上客制化的內容 47 4.4 支援Wi-Fi Direct的USB無線網路卡 49 4.5使用者回控機制所需之軟硬體 50 4.5.1微電腦軟硬體平台 50 4.5.2藍牙無線傳輸模組 52 4.5.3 Wii Remote所需之軟硬體介紹 54 4.5.4 Raspberry Pi之 I^2 C 相關設定與軟體介紹 57 第五章 系統設計與實現 59 5.1 Wi-Fi Display sink端實現 59 5.1.1 Wi-Fi P2P Manager 59 5.1.2 Wi-Fi Display Capability Negotiation and Session Establishment 62 5.1.3 Receiving Service 66 5.1.3.1 傳接多媒體封包的抽象單元：Pipeline Component 66 5.1.3.2 接收封包與分類 69 5.1.4 Video/Audio playback pipeline 72 5.2 多點群播架構實現 80 5.3 使用者回控機制之實現 83 5.3.1 製作IR Light Pen所需之硬體 85 5.3.2 Wii Remote與自製的Arduimouse配合所需之軟硬體 87 5.3.2.1 製作Arduimouse所需之硬體 87 5.3.2.2 Raspberry Pi處理IR Light Point 88 5.3.2.3 Arduimouse模擬成USB Mouse裝置 93 第六章 系統實作結果與分析 97 6.1 測試環境 97 6.2 測試結果 99 6.2.1 依據測試流程產生的測試結果 99 6.2.2 本系統中測試重複性unicast傳送與IP multicast結果 105 第七章 結論與未來展望 107 7.1 結論 107 7.2 未來展望 107 參考資料 109

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