水蚤因對環境汙染物相當敏感，故常被認為是淡水水體水質之指標浮游生物，更是生物急毒性試驗常用之物種。本研究針對不同放流水及各項化學物(包括 金屬鹽類、磷酸、氨氮等常見化合物)，利用水蚤進行生物毒性試驗，觀察 48小時後之致死率，藉此評估各化學物質及放流水對承受水體的影響，檢驗是否符合排放標準。各金屬鹽類之48小時半致死濃度由高至低分別為：硫酸鋅、氯化鎳、氯化鈷、硫酸鋁、硫酸錳、硫酸鐵、氯化鈉、硫酸鎂、氯化鈉、硫酸鈉，以ICP-MS測量其中金屬濃度，計算各金屬之48小時半致死濃度(mg/L) 為：鎳，1.15、鈷，3.8、錳，7.2、鎂，80，由高至低排列分別為：銅、鎳、鈷、錳、鐵、鎂、鈉。在氮、磷部分，磷酸之半致死濃度為95 mg-PO43-/L，氨氮之生物毒性則隨pH值升高而提高，當pH由6.5 提高至7 時，其半致死濃度從155 mg-NH4Cl/L降低至19.5 mg-NH4Cl/L。本研究共針對9 股放 流水進行生物毒性測試，並量測其中之金屬濃度及氮磷含量，結果顯示此9股放流水中大多數金屬濃度皆很低，惟高濃度之鈉、鉀為其主要金屬物質，並造成放流水生物毒性，除此之外，磷酸亦為影響放流水毒性之重要化合物。

Daphnia magna has been used as a useful test species and its sensitivity to environmental pollutants has been recognized as a general representative of other freshwater zooplankton species. The aims of this study were using Daphnia magna to assess the acute toxicity of chemicals compounds and effluents for 48 h exposure to check the impact of effluents on the toxicity of the receiving water body to assure the compliance of toxicological emission limits. 48 h LC50 of inorganic chemical compounds were determined and rank order of toxicity as follows:
CuSO4.7H2O>ZnSO4.7H2O>NiCl2.6H2O>CoCl2.6H2O>Al2(SO4)3>MnSO4.4H2O>FeSO4.7H2O>MgSO4.7H2O>NaCl>Na2SO4. Chemical analysis with ICP/MS was conducted to determine the toxicity of metals in chemical compounds. The 48 h LC50
values in ppm of metals were: 1.15 for Ni, 3.8 for Co, 7.2 for Mn and 80 for Mg. The order of toxicity of metals in this study was: Cu>Ni>Co>Mn>Fe>Mg>Na. The toxicity of phosphate and ammonia also was tested. LC50 of phosphate was 95 mg.L-1 as PO43-. The ammonia toxicity was assessed at two different pH’s 6.5 and 7. The result showed that acute toxicity effect for Daphnia magna of total ammonia increases with increasing pH with LC50 at pH 6.5 and 7 was 155 and 19.5 mg.L-1 as NH4Cl, respectively. In this study, nine effluents were assessed for their toxicity and toxicity
levels. Toxicity of effluents was different based on acute toxic unit. Concentrations of metals in these effluents were measured. It was determined that concentrations of
heavy metals of effluents were very low. Na and K were found to be the major metals causing toxic effects of effluents because of high concentrations. Besides that,
phosphate was another component that affect to the toxic of effluents.

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