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研究生: 謝明璋
Hsieh, Ming-Chang
論文名稱: 傾轉式旋翼機智慧化模式轉換與重組容錯控制
Intelligent Conversion and Reconfiguration of Tiltrotor Aircraft
指導教授: 陳介力
Chen, Chieh-Li
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 航空太空工程學系
Department of Aeronautics & Astronautics
論文出版年: 2020
畢業學年度: 108
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 97
中文關鍵詞: 傾轉式旋翼機增量式非線性動態反算強化學習容錯控制
外文關鍵詞: Tiltrotor Aircraft, Incremental Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion, Reinforcement Learning, Reconfiguration Control
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  • 本文研究主要分為兩大部分,傾轉式旋翼機的模式轉換飛行控制與重組容錯控制。其中模式轉換飛行控制部分,本文分別針對傾轉式旋翼機之旋翼機模式與定翼機模式設計高度-姿態控制器與速度-姿態控制器,導入強化學習演算法輔助飛行控制器進行模式轉換過程中短艙傾角(Mast angle)角度輸出的路徑規劃,並對於不同控制器在轉換過程之切換策略深入探討,設計完善的傾轉式旋翼機模式轉換控制策略,最後進行模擬驗證與成果分析。
    重組容錯飛行控制部分,本文利用傾轉式旋翼機控制舵面多元的優點進行容錯控制控制器設計,應用增量式非線性動態反算(Incremental nonlinear dynamic inversion)(INDI)計算出升降舵失效下,其餘控制舵面合理的輸出角度以補償造成之影響並維持飛行器姿態穩定,達成基本巡航任務需求,接著探討重組容錯控制器的切換策略,使飛行器在控制器切換過程保持姿態穩定。最後基於所設計之重組容錯控制策略進行不同情境下之模擬飛行,驗證研究成果。

    Tiltrotor aircraft has a great development prospect in civil aviation or military field due to the features of vertical lift capability, hovering capability and high cruise speed. To develop an integral control system of tiltrotor, the contents of this paper was mainly divided into two parts, flying control system design of tiltrotor’s flying mode conversion and reconfiguration control system design.
    Firstly, the dynamics model of the tiltrotor aircraft was built. Refer to the V-22, this paper constructed a complete mathematical model to prove the control system’s performance. Secondly, the incremental nonlinear dynamic inversion (INDI) control architecture was proposed. Helicopter mode controller and fixed-wing aircraft mode controller were respectively designed to make the tiltrotor accomplish flying missions. After that, the reinforcement learning with deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm was imported to complete the conversion of tiltrotor’s flying mode. Finally, the reconfiguration control system based on the INDI architecture was established. With the multiple control surfaces, this paper enabled the idle control paddle to offset the malfunctional control paddle.
    In each part of control systems designed below, this paper planed several scenario simulations to present the performance. The result indicated that the flying control system design of tiltrotor’s flying mode conversion and reconfiguration control system design were feasible.

    論文摘要 i ABSTRACT ii 本文誌謝 xix 本文目錄 xx 圖目錄 xxii 表目錄 xxv 參數表 xxvi 第1章 緒論 1 1.1 前言 1 1.2 研究動機與目的 4 1.3 文獻資料回顧 5 1.3.1 傾轉式旋翼機控制建模文獻回顧 5 1.3.2 模式轉換控制文獻回顧 6 1.3.3 重組容錯控制文獻回顧 7 1.4 本文研究工作 8 第2章 座標定義與傾轉式旋翼機數學模型 9 2.1 座標定義 9 2.2 數學模型建立 12 2.2.1 主翼(Wing) 15 2.2.2 機身(Fuselage) 17 2.2.3 水平尾翼(Horizontal Tail) 18 2.2.4 垂直尾翼(Vertical Tail) 20 2.2.5 旋翼(Main Rotor) 21 第3章 飛行器運動控制器架構 27 3.1 非線性動態反算 28 3.2 增量式非線性動態反算 30 3.3 增量式非線性動態反算應用於傾轉式旋翼機 32 第4章 智慧化模式轉換 34 4.1 控制器設計 35 4.1.1 旋翼機模式 35 4.1.2 定翼機模式 39 4.1.3 旋翼機模式控制成果 40 4.1.4 定翼機模式控制成果 45 4.2 模式轉換 50 4.2.1 強化學習 50 4.2.2 深度確定性策略梯度演算法 51 4.2.3 訓練成果 54 4.2.4 模式轉換模擬飛行成果 58 4.3 控制器與舵面切換平順化 62 4.3.1 平順化舵面切換 63 4.3.2 平順化切換過程系統穩定性分析 65 4.3.3 平順化切換飛行模擬成果 67 第5章 重組容錯控制 71 5.1 重組容錯控制器設計 72 5.1.1 正常狀態下巡航飛行 73 5.1.2 升降舵故障狀態下巡航飛行 78 5.2 控制器切換策略規劃 83 5.3 控制舵面錯誤模擬 84 5.3.1 升降舵失效之容錯控制模擬 84 5.3.2 升降舵卡死於0度角之容錯控制模擬 87 5.3.3 升降舵卡死於30度角之容錯控制模擬 90 第6章 結論與未來展望 93 參考文獻 95

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