本研究團隊先前以市售噴墨印表機結合成三維列印機發展出粉末式三維列印機，但市售噴墨印表機屬於熱氣泡式噴墨頭，能噴印的材料有限，本機台使用壓電式噴頭可噴印更多種類的材料。
本研究成功開發出外觀尺寸610mm(X) x 560mm(Y) x 510mm(Z)，最大建構尺寸150mm(X) x 150mm(Y) x 100mm(Z)的粉末式三維列印機，完成其基本性能研究，達到供粉、鋪粉、X-Y-Z三軸的移動、回收粉末。
本機器使用市面上可取得的工業級壓電式噴頭，透過自主開發程式驅動噴頭噴印，結合到自主設計的三維平台，使用Microchip dsPIC單晶片進行機台的控制，搭配壓電式噴頭的驅動開發板，進行訊號、機構和作動整合達到在三維平台噴印疊加製造出實體，噴頭噴印材料條件為黏度7~11(mPa．s) 、表面張力24~32(mN/m)，符合本實驗噴印出UV膠材料的條件。
以壓電式噴頭為主的三維列印機，噴頭不會在因過熱問題而受損，可提供長時間的列印，多元材料的噴印可同時實現材料噴印成型與黏著劑噴印成型技術，因此在未來三維列印的技術上仍有大量的發展性。
關鍵詞：積層製造、系統整合、壓電噴頭、粉末式三維印表機

SUMMARY
The research team previously developed a three-dimensional powder printing machine by commercially inkjet printer. But the commercially inkjet printer uses thermal bubble inkjet printing, the materials can be sprayed is limited. The machine can print more different materials by using piezoelectric nozzle.
Powder printing machine is be successfully developed, and completing the research of machine to feed powder, drive motor of X-Y-Z axis, and recovered powder. The size of the 3D printer machine is 610mm x 560mm x 510mmmm^3, with manufacturing size of 150mm x 150mm x 100mmmm^3.
In this study, through self-development program driven piezoelectric nozzle, and combine with three-dimensional platform. Use microchip dsPIC control the machine, including the lift of Z-platform, move on X-axis, supply powder, control position of printing with a piezoelectric nozzle to create a solid model. The viscosity of condition of printing is 7~11 (mPa•.s), and surface tension of condition of printing is 24~32 (mN/m).
3D printer by using piezoelectric nozzle will not damage because of overheating on the print head. It can print during a long manufacture time, and realize technologies of material jetting and binder jetting. For this reason, there is a lot of development for 3D print in the future.

Keywords: Additive Manufacturing, System Integration, Piezoelectric Nozzle, Powder Based 3D Printer

[1] 林鼎勝, “三D列印的發展現況,” 科學發展第503期, 2014。
[2] 侯柏均,“以壓電式噴墨印表機開發之快速原型系統,”國立台北科技大學機電整合研究所, 碩士論文, 2008。
[3] Emanuel M. Sachs, John S. Haggerty, Michael J. Cima, and Paul A. Williams, “Three-Dimensional Printing Techniques,” U. S. Patent No. US5204055 A, 8 Dec. 1989.
[4] 葉錦清, “3D列印（積層製造）產業發展現況分析,” 工業材料雜誌, 第346期, 2015。
[5] Tim Caffrey, Terry Wohlers, "3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing State of the Industry Annual Worldwide Progress Report," Wohlers Associates, Inc, pp.32-42, 2015.
[6] Available :https://www.additively.com/en/
[7] T. R. Jackson, H. Liu, N.M. Patrikalakis, E.M. Sachs, M.J. Cima, "Modeling and Designing Functionally Graded Material Components for Fabrication with Local Composition Control," Materials & Design, Vol.20, pp.63–75, 1998.
[8] Available :https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%99%B4%E5%A2%A8%E5%8D%B0%E8%A1%A8%E6%A9%9F
[9] Available :http://www.epson.com.tw/
[10] 史世銘, "以壓電式噴頭使用於快速成型機之研究與實現," 南台科技大學電機工程研究所,碩士論文，2010。
[11] Available :https://www.toshibatec.co.jp
[12] 王信雄, "以噴墨印表機應用於彩色3D Printer原型機之機電系統分析與整合實現," 南台科技大學電機工程研究所碩士論文, 2008。
[13] 許毅然、王信雄、鄭俊益、賴維祥, "印表機使用於三維噴印成型機上程序控制之分析與研究," 中國機械工程學會第二十四屆全國學術研討會論文集,論文編號：B01-0006, 2007。
[14] 曾百由, dsPIC數位訊號控制器原理與應用，宏友圖書有限公司, 台北市，2005。