本論文的中心思想在於整體性材料，配合兩種方法形成多孔性結構，再進行生物分析的應用。
第一個方法：照光高分子的單體在多孔性溶劑的作用之下，形成多孔性膠體製成去鹽濃縮的吸管尖。在此方法中，照光高分的單體與多孔性溶劑混合，並包埋靜相粒子形成整體性連續床。在光聚合之後，高分子的多孔性結構被固定在吸管尖端，並進行微萃取。靜相粒子，如：碳十八或奈米尺寸的二氧化鈦，被包埋在微萃取吸管尖，再進行樣品去鹽或磷酸化胜肽濃度的提升。除此之外，消化酵素，諸如：胰蛋白酶，也可以固定其上以進行蛋白質體研究的消化動作，但是，此方法受限於過小的孔洞尺寸，其所造成操作流體時的背壓。
第二個方法：利用乳化反應(油/水)技術，形成多孔性結構。乳化現象整合層析材料與紫外光催化的照光高分子化，可以包覆多樣的萃取粒子。使用此方法，乳化吸管尖具有大於二十微米的孔洞尺寸，能夠形成易於操作的吸管尖。與市售吸管尖如EasyTips 大約0.4-2 毫克消化胜肽的吸附值相比，乳化吸管尖可以吸附約3-3.5 毫克。所增加的吸附值主因是因為在整體性材料中增加多條流通管道所致，除此之外，操作的平衡時間也由EasyTips 的六百秒，縮短為六十秒。乳化反應能夠發展為水/油/水與油/水/油的技術，並利用適當官能基共價鍵結酵素分子。進行線上分析是藉由整合兩種固定連續床—胰蛋白酶酵素與碳十八去鹽的連續床。
許多的應用，諸如：蛋白質鑑定、磷酸根胜肽的偵測與藥物分子的分子的演示，都是透過本論文提及的微萃取吸管尖進行，而滿意的結果則是未來發展的憑藉。

Monolithic material is the main theme in this research and two methods were developed to form porous structures for bioanalysis applications.
The first method is to apply porogenic solvent to form monolithic tips for sample desalting and concentration. In this method, the monomers of photo-polymer were mixed with porogenic solvent and encapsulating particles to form monolithic beds. After photo-polymerization, polymeric porous structure was formed and fixed on pipette tips for
micro-extraction. Reversed phase C18 and nano-scaled titanium dioxide particles were encapsulated to prepare extraction tips for sample desalting and phosphopeptide
enrichment. Alternatively, digestion enzyme, such as trypsin, was immobilized for sample digestion in proteomics research. This method, however, is limited by the back
pressure due to small pore sizes.
The second method is to apply emulsification technique for forming porous structure using water-in-oil (O/W) technique. Emulsification can be integrated with
chromatographic materials and photo-polymerization by UV light to encapsulate various extraction particles. Using this method, EmulsionTips with a pore size as large as
20 μmcan be formed and thus the flow can be easily manipulated by a pipetter. The loadingcapacity for commercial tips such as EasyTips, is around 0.4-2 micrograms of total protein degest, and the loading capacity is around 3-3.5 micrograms of total protein digest for EmulsionTips. The increased loading capacity was due to the increased number of assessable flow-paths within the monolithic material. Furthermore, the equilibration time
was also reduced due to multiple paths: 600 seconds for EasyTips and 60 seconds for EmulsionTips. Emulsification can also be extended to water/oil/water (W/O/W) and
oil/water/oil (O/W/O) technique for covalent enzyme immobilization by exposing proper functional groups. On-line processing by combining two immobilized beds such as
trypsin enzyme bed and C18 desalting bed was also demonstrated.
Several applications such as protein identification, phosphopeptide detection and drug analysis were demonstrated using the micro extraction tips reported here and all showed satisfactory results, which warrant future developments.

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