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研究生: 賴建宇
Lai, Chien-Yu
論文名稱: 高強度超音波與氣泡空蝕場應用於奈米粉體製備與養分萃取
High Power Ultrasound and Bubble Cavitation for Fabricating Nanoparticles and Nutrition Extraction
指導教授: 李永春
Lee, Yung-Chun
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 機械工程學系
Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年: 2005
畢業學年度: 93
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 85
中文關鍵詞: 養分萃取奈米粉體氣泡空蝕場高強度超音波
外文關鍵詞: Bubble Cavitation, Nanoparticle, Nutrient Extraction, High-Power Ultrasound
相關次數: 點閱:67下載:4
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  •   奈米粉體在奈米科技的應用中扮演很重要的角色,奈米粉體的製備方法一直是奈米科技研究的重要議題,也因此不管是在奈米科技或者是奈米材料的研究方面因此奈米粉體的備製一直不斷的吸引著研究者的目光。而其中一種可行的技術就是利用超音波來擊碎顆粒,利用超音波產生的氣泡空蝕場,在氣泡空蝕場崩裂時所產生的微噴流以及震波來衝擊粉粒表面,以達到粉粒細化的效果。

      在本文中,將發展並測試一種新的高強度超音波震波系統,應用於貝類之蚌殼中珍珠層質材料的碎化與細化,並翠取其中所蘊藏之氨基酸養分。此一系統主要的設計概念,是將超音波的能量集中於一較小之區塊,以大幅增加該區域內的超音波強度,並且產生氣泡空蝕場,利用空蝕場中的震波與瞬間的壓力變化,將粉粒碎化,並在碎化的過程中伴隨著養分的稀出;同時設計一流體循環系統,利用流體流動的方式,可將較大的顆粒帶動至高能量超音波集中區域內,以便利用超音波與氣泡空蝕場的能量將之擊碎;而此一系統的另一個重要的優點,是流體循環系統中的流體可以將超音波與氣泡空蝕場所產生的熱量帶走,並於外部循環時加以冷卻,以避免高溫將翠取的養分破壞。

     Nanoparticles play a central role in nano-technology for its broad applications and potentials in the forming or extracting unique properties of material. Therefore, the fabrication of nanoparticles always attracts a lot of attention in the research areas of nano-science, nano-technology, nano-materials researches, as well as industrials. A feasible technique for particle-size reduction and for obtaining nano-particles is using high-power ultrasound and cavitation field. Cavitational collapse of micro-bubbles leads to micro-jets and shock-wave impacts on the solid particles together with inter-particle collisions, which can result in particle-size reduction.

     In this thesis, a new high-power ultrasound system which can effectively refine large particles and turn them into smaller nano-particles has been developed. The materials under investigation are pear shell structures which when becoming nano-powders can be directly used for many medical and nutrition applications. The main ideas of the proposed system are first focusing high power ultrasound into a small region so that the ultrasound intensity can be drastically enhanced and a high-energy cavitation field can be created. A fluid circling system will carry the still-large pearl shell particles into the intensified zoon. The high power ultrasound and the induced bubble cavitation field will then impact the particles and break them down to small pieces. In the mean time, the fluid flowing out of the impact zoon can be cooled to limit the temperature rise. In this way, we can effectively reduce the particle size while extract the nutritious ingredient under a relatively lower temperature. The testing results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method. The particle sizes can be easily reduced by an order within few hours. Furthermore, significant increases in several kinds of nutrition ingredients are observed when analyzing the solution compositions. Optimized parameters in designing and operating the system are obtained experimentally and will be addressed in details.

    第一章 導論.......................................................1  1-1 研究背景與動機..............................1  1-2 文獻回顧....................................4  1-3 本文架構....................................6 第二章 實驗方法與理論基礎.........................7  2-1 高強度超音波循環系統........................7   2-1-1 高強度超音波循環系統設計概念與原理......7   2-1-2 系統設備...............................14  2-2 氣泡空蝕場.................................19  2-3 超音波喇叭錐工作原理.......................21   2-3-1 超音波喇叭錐的工作形式及選擇...........21   2-3-2 大端面連接直線部的指數形喇叭錐.........25   2-3-3 ANSYS模擬指數形超音波喇叭錐共振........27 第三章 超音波喇叭錐特性量測......................31  3-1 超音波喇叭錐表面振動量測...................31   3-1-1 AVID都卜勒雷射干涉儀量測...............32   3-1-2 超音波喇叭錐表面振動量測...............35  3-2 超音波喇叭錐產生氣泡空蝕場檢測.............39  3-3 氣泡空蝕場對超音波喇叭錐表面之影響.........41 第四章 珍珠層奈米粉製備與養分萃取................46  4-1 超音波洗淨機細化珍珠粉體與養分萃取.........46  4-2 高強度超音波循環系統製備珍珠粉體與養分萃取...48  4-3 粒度分析的樣品製備..........................51   4-3-1 粒度分析樣品製備—分散界質..............51   4-3-2 粒度分析樣品製備—樣品取樣..............51 第五章 粒徑量測與氨基酸檢測.......................53  5-1 粒徑檢測....................................53   5-1-1 雷射粒徑分析儀檢測......................53   5-1-2 掃瞄式電子顯微鏡檢測....................66  5-2 氨基酸成分分析..............................69  5-3 重金屬成分檢驗..............................75 第六章 結論與未來展望.............................76  6-1 結論........................................76  6-2 未來展望.....................................77 參考文獻...........................................79 附錄A 氨基酸種類與功能............................82

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