簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

回結果列表
研究生： 黃奕宸
Huang, Yi-Chen
論文名稱： 離岸風機使用負壓式沉箱在深水區之可行性評估研究
Feasibility Evaluation Study of Suction Pile-based Offshore Wind Turbines in Deep Water Area
指導教授： 朱聖浩
Ju, Shen-Haw
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 土木工程學系
Department of Civil Engineering
論文出版年： 2023
畢業學年度： 111
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 151
中文關鍵詞： 風力耦合分析 、套管式離岸風機支撐結構 、負壓式沉箱 、可行性評估
外文關鍵詞： Wind coupled analysis, Jacket-type support structure, Suction pile, Feasibility evaluation
相關次數： 點閱：88  下載：24 
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報

    • 隨著領海內淺水區的風場逐漸飽和，若要取得更大量、更穩定的風能資源，離岸風機勢必向深水區發展。然而，水深越深、離岸越遠，風、浪、海流的情況都將更加嚴峻，施工的難度也大幅上升，因此，離岸風機受力分析的方法、支撐結構的設計、安裝及施工的程序都需要再做修正。
    本研究首先建構了風力耦合分析的概念，並透過將美國國家再生能源實驗室所開發的風機分析程式OpenFAST與朱聖浩研究團隊開發的有限元素分析程式連動來實現風力耦合分析，詳細的連動方法以及驗證流程都在本文中呈現。考量到固定式離岸風機的變位較小、程式的穩定性、耦合分析運算增加的時間及記憶體成本，本研究僅先提出風力耦合分析的方法，並未將其應用於本研究中深水區離岸風機的分析及設計流程中。由於在深水區打樁的難度提高，本研究採用安裝相對容易且對環境較友善的負壓式沉箱作為離岸風機基礎形式的選擇，根據傳統打樁基礎離岸風機的支撐結構設計進行修正並採用設計規範IEC61400-3-1：2019之設計載重組合進行分析，水深設定於50米到100米，設計了15 MW與20 MW套管式離岸風機的支撐結構以及負壓式沉箱的尺寸。在設計及測試過程中所發現的設計參數與設計結果的關聯性及影響趨勢皆在本文中詳細描述及記錄。本研究還根據設計結果進行了疲勞荷載分析，透過適當的在節點處增厚使其疲勞壽命達到20年，並進行支撐結構的運送可行性評估、負壓式沉箱貫入深度的確認以及初步的發電成本估算，增加了本研究所提出之設計實際實行的可行性。另外，本研究也針對負壓式沉箱基礎所面臨的優勢及劣勢做出總結。本研究所使用的電腦輔助分析程式由朱聖浩教授研究團隊所開發，分析程式與研究成果皆為公開資源。

    As the wind field in the shallow water area is gradually saturated, the development of offshore wind turbines (OWTs) in deep water areas becomes necessary to access larger and more stable wind energy resources. However, as the water depth and the distance from the shore increased, the environmental conditions become more challenging, and the construction difficulties increase. Therefore, the mechanical analysis method, the design of supporting structures, and the procedures of construction need to be revised.
    The concept of wind coupled analysis is introduced and implemented by the interaction of the wind turbine analysis program OpenFAST, developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, and the FEA program developed by the research team of Shen-Haw Ju, detailed linkage method and verification processes are presented in this study. Considering the small displacement of fixed OWTs, the stability of the program, and the increased time and memory cost of coupled analysis, this study focuses on proposing the wind coupled analysis method without applying it to the analysis of offshore wind turbines in deep water areas. Due to the increased difficulty of piling in deep water areas, suction piles, which are relatively easy to install and environmentally friendly, are used as the foundation form of OWTs in this study. The support structure designs and the suction pile dimensions for 15 MW and 20 MW OWTs at water depth of 50 meters to 100 meters are modified from the support structure design of traditional piling foundation OWTs and analyzed by the design specification IEC61400-3-1: 2019. This study also includes the fatigue analysis, ensuring a 20-year fatigue life by appropriately reinforcing the joints, feasibility evaluations of transportation, suction pile penetration depth confirmation, and preliminary power generation cost estimation to further enhance the practical feasibility of the proposed designs. In addition, this study also summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the suction pile foundation. Note that the computer programs developed by the research team of Shen-Haw Ju are open and free to use.

    摘要 I Abstract II Acknowledgement III Contents IV List of Tables VII List of Figures IX Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Background and purpose 1 1.2 Literature review 2 1.2.1 Coupled analysis of offshore wind turbines 2 1.2.2 Jacket type offshore wind turbines in deep water area 3 1.2.3 Suction pile used in offshore wind turbines 5 1.2.4 The optimal design of OWT 6 1.2.5 Wind condition in Taiwan strait 7 1.3 Overview 8 Chapter 2 Wind Coupled Analysis Theories and Methods 10 2.1 Introduction 10 2.2 Program introduce – OpenFAST 12 2.2.1 Download, install and running OpenFAST 13 2.3 Program interaction between AN and OpenFAST 21 Chapter 3 Coupled Analysis Testing Steps and Testing Results. 34 3.1 Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for testing OpenFAST and AN 34 3.1.1 AN setting SOP 34 3.1.2 OpenFAST setting SOP 39 3.2 Testing results and comparing 45 3.2.1 Tower section test 45 3.2.2 Different wind case test 63 3.2.3 Summarization of testing 78 Chapter 4 Dimension Design and Analysis of OWT Support Structure in Deep Water Area 79 4.1 Design templates and modification 79 4.2 Column design testing 85 4.2.1 Water depth of 100 meters 85 4.2.2 Water depth of 90 meters 87 4.2.3 Water depth of 80 meters 88 4.2.4 Water depth of 70 meters 90 4.2.5 Water depth of 60 meters 91 4.2.6 Water depth of 50 meters 93 4.3 Suction pile design testing 94 4.3.1 Water depth of 100 meters 95 4.3.1 Water depth of 90 meters 96 4.3.2 Water depth of 80 meters 98 4.3.3 Water depth of 70 meters 99 4.3.4 Water depth of 60 meters 101 4.3.5 Water depth of 50 meters 102 4.4 Analysis and summary of test results 104 4.5 Final design 105 Chapter 5 Designs Analysis and Feasibility Assessment 106 5.1 Ultimate design weight comparison 106 5.2 Control load cases 108 5.3 Fatigue analysis and fatigue life 113 5.4 Buoyancy calculation 121 5.5 Suction pile embedment depth confirmation 124 5.6 Power generation efficiency analysis 125 Chapter 6 Conclusions 128 6.1 Conclusions 128 6.2 Future work 130 Reference 131 Appendix A. Example of input file 138 Appendix B. Design Results 144

    [1] M. C. Ong, E. E. Bachynski, and O. D. Okland, "Dynamic Responses of Jacket-Type Offshore Wind Turbines Using Decoupled and Coupled Models," (in English), J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng. Trans. ASME, Article vol. 139, no. 4, p. 8, Aug 2017, Art no. 041901, doi: 10.1115/1.4035772.
    [2] P. Plodpradit, V. N. Dinh, and K. D. Kim, "Tripod-Supported Offshore Wind Turbines: Modal and Coupled Analysis and a Parametric Study Using X-SEA and FAST," (in English), J. Mar. Sci. Eng., Article vol. 7, no. 6, p. 20, Jun 2019, Art no. 181, doi: 10.3390/jmse7060181.
    [3] P. Plodpradit, V. N. Dinh, and K. D. Kim, "Coupled Analysis of Offshore Wind Turbine Jacket Structures with Pile-Soil-Structure Interaction Using FAST v8 and X-SEA," (in English), Appl. Sci.-Basel, Article vol. 9, no. 8, p. 15, Apr 2019, Art no. 1633, doi: 10.3390/app9081633.
    [4] C. Ren, Y. Aoues, D. Lemosse, and E. S. De Cursi, "Comparative study of load simulation approaches used for the dynamic analysis on an offshore wind turbine jacket with different modeling techniques," (in English), Eng. Struct., Article vol. 249, p. 10, Dec 2021, Art no. 113308, doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.113308.
    [5] H. S. Huang, "Dynamic analysis of 10 mega-watts offshore wind turbine under wind and coupled wind-ocean-wave loads," (in English), Compos. Struct., Article vol. 291, p. 16, Jul 2022, Art no. 115497, doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2022.115497.
    [6] B. S. Kim, J. W. Jin, O. Bitkina, and K. W. Kang, "Ultimate load characteristics of NREL 5-MW offshore wind turbines with different substructures," (in English), Int. J. Energy Res., Article; Proceedings Paper vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 639-650, Apr 2016, doi: 10.1002/er.3430.
    [7] T. T. Tran and D. Lee, "Development of jacket substructure systems supporting 3MW offshore wind turbine for deep water sites in South Korea," (in English), Int. J. Nav. Archit. Ocean Eng., Article vol. 14, p. 16, 2022, Art no. 100451, doi: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2022.100451.
    [8] Y. T. Yan, Y. Yang, M. Bashir, C. Li, and J. Wang, "Dynamic analysis of 10 MW offshore wind turbines with different support structures subjected to earthquake loadings," (in English), Renew. Energy, Article vol. 193, pp. 758-777, Jun 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2022.05.045.
    [9] K. A. Abhinav and N. Saha, "Nonlinear dynamical behaviour of jacket supported offshore wind turbines in loose sand," (in English), Mar. Struct., Article vol. 57, pp. 133-151, Jan 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.marstruc.2017.10.002.
    [10] D. H. Kim, G. N. Lee, Y. Lee, and I. K. Lee, "Dynamic reliability analysis of offshore wind turbine support structure under earthquake," (in English), Wind Struct., Article vol. 21, no. 6, pp. 609-623, Dec 2015, doi: 10.12989/was.2015.21.6.609.
    [11] W. Shi et al., "Soil-Structure Interaction on the Response of Jacket Type Offshore Wind Turbine," (in English), Int. J. Precis Eng Manuf-Green Technol., Article vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 139-148, Apr 2015, doi: 10.1007/s40684-015-0018-7.
    [12] K. A. Abhinav and N. Saha, "Stochastic response of jacket supported offshore wind turbines for varying soil parameters," (in English), Renew. Energy, Article vol. 101, pp. 550-564, Feb 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2016.09.019.
    [13] T. Y. Fan, C. Y. Lin, and C. C. Huang, "Modeling the Influence of Soil-Structure-Interaction on Seismic Response of Jacket Substructure for the DTU 10MW Offshore Wind Turbine," (in English), Int. J. Offshore Polar Eng., Article vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 210-217, Jun 2022, doi: 10.17736/ijope.2022.cl20.
    [14] L. M. Le, D. V. Nguyen, S. Chang, D. Kim, S. G. Cho, and D. D. Nguyen, "Vibration control of jacket offshore wind turbine subjected to earthquake excitations by using friction damper," (in English), J. Struct. Integr. Maint., Article vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1-5, 2019, doi: 10.1080/24705314.2019.1565055.
    [15] C. S. Han, C. G. Mo, L. B. Tao, Y. L. Ma, and X. Bai, "An efficient fatigue assessment model of offshore wind turbine using a half coupling analysis," (in English), Ocean Eng., Article vol. 263, p. 14, Nov 2022, Art no. 112318, doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2022.112318.
    [16] S. H. Ju, "<p>Increasing the fatigue life of offshore wind turbine jacket structures using yaw stiffness and damping</p>," (in English), Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., Article vol. 162, p. 11, Jul 2022, Art no. 112458, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2022.112458.
    [17] S. H. Ju and Y. C. Huang, "MTMD to increase fatigue life for OWT jacket structures using Powell's method," (in English), Mar. Struct., Article vol. 71, p. 15, May 2020, Art no. 102726, doi: 10.1016/j.marstruc.2020.102726.
    [18] S. Bhattacharya et al., "Observed dynamic soil-structure interaction in scale testing of offshore wind turbine foundations," (in English), Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., Article vol. 54, pp. 47-60, Nov 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2013.07.012.
    [19] S. H. Ju, F. C. Su, Y. P. Ke, and M. H. Xie, "Fatigue design of offshore wind turbine jacket-type structures using a parallel scheme," (in English), Renew. Energy, Article vol. 136, pp. 69-78, Jun 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2018.12.071.
    [20] F. Issa, J. H. Zhang, S. Ke, and W. Bin, "STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF JACKET FOUNDATIONS FOR OFFSHORE WIND TURBINES IN TRANSITIONAL WATER," (in English), Brodogradnja, Article vol. 72, no. 1, pp. 109-124, Mar 2021, doi: 10.21278/brod72106.
    [21] K. Wei et al., "Toward performance-based evaluation for offshore wind turbine jacket support structures," (in English), Renew. Energy, Article vol. 97, pp. 709-721, Nov 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2016.06.028.
    [22] E. Hoxha, Y. Vidal, and F. Pozo, "Damage Diagnosis for Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations Based on the Fractal Dimension," (in English), Appl. Sci.-Basel, Article vol. 10, no. 19, p. 23, Oct 2020, Art no. 6972, doi: 10.3390/app10196972.
    [23] M. D. Feijoo, Y. Zambrano, Y. Vidal, and C. Tutiven, "Unsupervised Damage Detection for Offshore Jacket Wind Turbine Foundations Based on an Autoencoder Neural Network," (in English), Sensors, Article vol. 21, no. 10, p. 17, May 2021, Art no. 3333, doi: 10.3390/s21103333.
    [24] S. Jalbi and S. Bhattacharya, "Concept design of jacket foundations for offshore wind turbines in 10 steps," (in English), Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., Article vol. 139, p. 36, Dec 2020, Art no. 106357, doi: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2020.106357.
    [25] S. H. Ju and C. H. Hsieh, "Optimal wind turbine jacket structural design under ultimate loads using Powell?s method," (in English), Ocean Eng., Article vol. 262, p. 9, Oct 2022, Art no. 112271, doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2022.112271.
    [26] S. Jalbi, M. Shadlou, and S. Bhattacharya, "Impedance functions for rigid skirted caissons supporting offshore wind turbines," (in English), Ocean Eng., Article vol. 150, pp. 21-35, Feb 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2017.12.040.
    [27] P. Plodpradit, O. Kwon, V. Dinh, J. Murphy, and K. D. Kim, "Suction Bucket Pile-Soil-Structure Interactions of Offshore Wind Turbine Jacket Foundations Using Coupled Dynamic Analysis," (in English), J. Mar. Sci. Eng., Article vol. 8, no. 6, p. 24, Jun 2020, Art no. 416, doi: 10.3390/jmse8060416.
    [28] X. F. Wang, X. Yang, and X. W. Zeng, "Seismic centrifuge modelling of suction bucket foundation for offshore wind turbine," (in English), Renew. Energy, Article vol. 114, pp. 1013-1022, Dec 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2017.07.103.
    [29] B. Zhu, W. L. Zhang, P. P. Ying, and Y. M. Chen, "Deflection-Based Bearing Capacity of Suction Caisson Foundations of Offshore Wind Turbines," (in English), J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., Article vol. 140, no. 5, p. 12, May 2014, doi: 10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0001107.
    [30] J. X. Zhang, W. L. Cheng, X. L. Cheng, P. G. Wang, and T. J. Wang, "Seismic responses analysis of suction bucket foundation for offshore wind turbine in clays," (in English), Ocean Eng., Article vol. 232, p. 11, Jul 2021, Art no. 109159, doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2021.109159.
    [31] C. Latini and V. Zania, "Dynamic lateral response of suction caissons," (in English), Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., Article vol. 100, pp. 59-71, Sep 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.05.020.
    [32] G. L. Wang, Y. Gan, C. H. Le, R. Y. Yan, and X. Y. Hu, "Bearing Characteristics of Tripod Bucket Jacket Foundation for Offshore Wind Turbines in Sand under Monotonic Loads," (in English), J. Mar. Sci. Eng., Article vol. 10, no. 2, p. 16, Feb 2022, Art no. 199, doi: 10.3390/jmse10020199.
    [33] B. Wang, T. Q. Qin, C. F. Yuan, L. Li, M. H. Yuan, and Y. Li, "Analysis of Bearing Performance of Monopile and Single Suction Bucket Foundation for Offshore Wind Power under Horizontal Load," (in English), Geofluids, Article vol. 2022, p. 15, Jun 2022, Art no. 4163240, doi: 10.1155/2022/4163240.
    [34] K. H. Chew, K. Tai, E. Y. K. Ng, and M. Muskulus, "Analytical gradient-based optimization of offshore wind turbine substructures under fatigue and extreme loads," (in English), Mar. Struct., Article vol. 47, pp. 23-41, May 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.marstruc.2016.03.002.
    [35] J. Oest, R. Sorensen, L. C. T. Overgaard, and E. Lund, "Structural optimization with fatigue and ultimate limit constraints of jacket structures for large offshore wind turbines," (in English), Struct. Multidiscip. Optim., Article vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 779-793, Mar 2017, doi: 10.1007/s00158-016-1527-x.
    [36] J. Oest, K. Sandal, S. Schafhirt, L. E. S. Stieng, and M. Muskulus, "On gradient-based optimization of jacket structures for offshore wind turbines," (in English), Wind Energy, Article vol. 21, no. 11, pp. 953-967, Nov 2018, doi: 10.1002/we.2206.
    [37] Y. S. Lee, J. A. Gonzalez, J. H. Lee, Y. I. Kim, K. C. Park, and S. Han, "Structural topology optimization of the transition piece for an offshore wind turbine with jacket foundation," (in English), Renew. Energy, Article vol. 85, pp. 1214-1225, Jan 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2015.07.052.
    [38] K. Sandal, C. Latini, V. Zania, and M. Stolpe, "Integrated optimal design of jackets and foundations," (in English), Mar. Struct., Article vol. 61, pp. 398-418, Sep 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.marstruc.2018.06.012.
    [39] A. Kaveh and S. Sabeti, "Structural optimization of jacket supporting structures for offshore wind turbines using colliding bodies optimization algorithm," (in English), Struct. Des. Tall Spec. Build., Article vol. 27, no. 13, p. 13, Sep 2018, Art no. e1494, doi: 10.1002/tal.1494.
    [40] X. J. Tian, Q. Y. Wang, G. J. Liu, Y. X. Liu, Y. C. Xie, and W. Deng, "Topology optimization design for offshore platform jacket structure," (in English), Appl. Ocean Res., Article vol. 84, pp. 38-50, Mar 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.apor.2019.01.003.
    [41] A. Natarajan, M. Stolpe, and W. N. Wandji, "Structural optimization based design of jacket type sub-structures for 10 MW offshore wind turbines," (in English), Ocean Eng., Article vol. 172, pp. 629-640, Jan 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2018.12.023.
    [42] P. Y. Zhang et al., "Bearing capacity and load transfer of brace topological in offshore wind turbine jacket structure," (in English), Ocean Eng., Article vol. 199, p. 16, Mar 2020, Art no. 107037, doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.107037.
    [43] S. H. Ju, F. C. Su, Y. T. Jiang, and Y. C. Chiu, "Ultimate load design of jacket-type offshore wind turbines under tropical cyclones," (in English), Wind Energy, Article vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 685-697, May 2019, doi: 10.1002/we.2315.
    [44] C. Ma and G. Zi, "Comparative study on the structural behavior of a transition piece for offshore wind turbine with jacket support," (in English), Steel Compos. Struct., Article vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 363-373, May 2022, doi: 10.12989/scs.2022.43.3.363.
    [45] W. Na, W. Quan, and S. Sheng, "Long Term Variation Trend of Wind and its Impact Upon Wind Power Generation in Taiwan," (in English), J. Electr. Eng. Technol., Article vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 782-788, May 2014, doi: 10.5370/jeet.2014.9.3.782.
    [46] T. J. Chang, C. L. Chen, Y. L. Tu, H. T. Yeh, and Y. T. Wu, "Evaluation of the climate change impact on wind resources in Taiwan Strait," (in English), Energy Conv. Manag., Article vol. 95, pp. 435-445, May 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.enconman.2015.02.033.
    [47] H. Chien, H. Y. Cheng, K. H. Yang, Y. H. Tsai, and W. T. Chang, "Diurnal and semidiurnal variability of coastal wind over Taiwanese waters," (in English), Wind Energy, Article vol. 18, no. 8, pp. 1353-1370, Aug 2015, doi: 10.1002/we.1761.
    [48] B. C. Nie and J. C. Li, "Technical potential assessment of offshore wind energy over shallow continent shelf along China coast," (in English), Renew. Energy, Article vol. 128, pp. 391-399, Dec 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2018.05.081.
    [49] Y. Wen, B. Kamranzad, and P. Z. Lin, "Assessment of long-term offshore wind energy potential in the south and southeast coasts of China based on a 55-year dataset," (in English), Energy, Article vol. 224, p. 13, Jun 2021, Art no. 120225, doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2021.120225.
    [50] Y. S. Soon, C. H. Lu, Q. C. Tu, and T. H. Lin, "Short-term wind speed forecasting using neural network models for Taiwan Strait," (in English), Wind Eng., Article vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1792-1805, Dec 2022, doi: 10.1177/0309524x221108423.
    [51] 孫韋喆, "超大型離岸風機採負壓式沉箱基礎在地震與颱風作用下之設計與分析," 碩士, 土木工程學系, 國立成功大學, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://hdl.handle.net/11296/yt5u54

    下載圖示 校內：立即公開
    校外：立即公開
    QR CODE