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研究生：	楊政融 Yang, Cheng-Jung
論文名稱：	整合案例為基礎的推理系統方法與TRIZ方法之綠色創新設計研究 The Study of Eco-Innovative Design by Integrating Case-Based Reasoning with TRIZ Methods
指導教授：	陳家豪 Chen, Jahau Lewis
學位類別：	博士 Doctor
系所名稱：	工學院 - 機械工程學系 Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年：	2011
畢業學年度：	99
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	138
中文關鍵詞：	以案例為基礎的推理系統方法、TRIZ 、綠色設計、綠色創新
外文關鍵詞：	Case-based reasoning, TRIZ, Eco-design, Eco-innovation
相關次數：	點閱：132 下載：8
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創意是新產品開發的關鍵角色。一般說來，設計師累積經驗的多寡對於其道行有著重要的關係。但因為每個人與生俱來的思考特質皆不同，會造成在創意靈感的獲取上有所差異。目前已有許多的輔助方法問世來幫助產品設計師開發新產品。每一種設計方法都有其優缺點存在，本研究將具有互補性的設計方法相互結合，利用其他方法的優點來彌補其自身缺點，讓設計師更容易完成創意設計。在新科技的推波助瀾、各國製定嚴苛的環保法規以及極端氣候的侵襲下，綠色產品越來越受到重視。在現今的情勢下，設計師需整合「過去的經驗」、「創意方法」以及「環保概念」快速推出新產品來提高市場的競爭力。本文提出三套結合以案例為基礎的推理系統方法與TRIZ應用在產品綠色創新設計上的新方法，包括「整合以案例為基礎的推理系統方法與TRIZ方法加速產品綠色創新設計」、「以綠能案例為基礎結合案例為基礎的推理系統方法與TRIZ方法進行節能創新」與「整合TRIZ演進規則、案例為基礎的推理系統方法與簡化生命週期評估方法達到產品綠色創新」。目標是幫助設計師適時的在關鍵過程中引入某些靈感與啟發達到產品機能的綠色創新，巧妙的將「過去的經驗」、「創意方法」與「環保概念」結合來加快推出更新綠色產品。

第一套整合方法「整合以案例為基礎的推理系統方法與TRIZ方法加速產品綠色創新設計」。首先透過以案例為基礎的推理系統方法中的擷取、再使用、修正讓新產品滿足功能特徵設計，接著再挑選一項世界發展永續委員會所定義的七大環境效率因子作為綠色創新的目標，進行某項產品功能特徵的再設計。最後透過TRIZ的矛盾矩陣或綠色演化法則與理想性提供的創新點子來完成產品綠色創新，並回存案例提升系統解決創新問題的能力。第二套整合方法「以綠能案例為基礎結合案例為基礎的推理系統方法與TRIZ方法進行節能創新」。首先藉以案例為基礎的推理系統方法提供解決新產品節能設計問題的技巧，再透過TRIZ方法修正此節能技巧應用在新產品上不適處來獲得可行的設計解。第三套整合方法是「整合TRIZ演進規則、案例為基礎的推理系統方法與簡化生命週期評估方法達到產品綠色創新」。首先，解決綠色設計問題的創新點子來自於TRIZ演化法則，接著使用以案例為基礎的推理系統方法中的指標系統連結案例庫來幫助設計者加速實踐解答，最後利用簡化生命週期評估方法來評估新舊設計之間的環境衝擊差異。

Innovation is the main role for developing new products. Generally, designers’ creative ability is infused by their accumulated experience. Additionally, natural diversity of logic thinking also causes different level of innovation ideas to everyone. For these reasons, there are many methods presently come to help designers develop new products. Design methods all have advantage and disadvantage points without exceptions. This research utilizes integrating another method to make designers achieve innovation design much easily. With new technology development, stringent environmental regulations and the invasion of extreme weather, human pay much attention to use eco products. In the current situations, designers have to integrate prior experience, creative method and eco-design to accelerate developing new products for increasing competitiveness in the market. This research proposed three new models which integrate case-based reasoning, CBR and TRIZ for product eco-innovation. They are “Accelerating preliminary eco-innovation design for products that integrates CBR and TRIZ method”, “Energy-saving eco-innovation using eco-product cases with CBR and TRIZ tools” and “Forecasting the design of eco-products by Integrating TRIZ evolution patterns with CBR and simple LCA methods”. The objective is to help designers systematic introduce innovation ideas into one function of a product to achieve eco-innovation during concept design. Make the best of utilizing prior experience, creative method and eco-design to accelerate develop eco-innovation products are the mission of this research.

For the first model, previous cases from a database support a novel design to satisfy functional performances under the CBR framework (retrieval, reuse and revise). According to the link of seven eco-friendly elements from WBCSD, the innovative principles and evolution patterns of the TRIZ method can enhance the design level of new products to achieve eco-innovation. The new solution with its functional characteristics will be stored in the database of CBR to increase the effectiveness of solving future eco-design problems. For the second model, the knowledge for solving energy-saving problem can be supported by examples of effective energy-efficient practices in the industry. Then, TRIZ tools are introduced to modify the knowledge to obtain new designs. For the third model, the innovative approach to solving design problems is based on TRIZ evolution patterns, in which the index system of CBR connects the innovative idea to cases located in a database to accelerate the process. Finally, simple life cycle assessment is introduced to determine whether if the solution is better for the environment than the currently available ones.

中文摘要	i
英文摘要	iii
誌謝	v
目錄	vii
表目錄	xii
圖目錄	xv
符號說明	xvii

第一章  緒論	1
1-1  前言	1
1-2  文獻回顧	2
1-2-1  以案例為基礎的推理系統方法文獻回顧	2
1-2-2  TRIZ方法文獻回顧	5
1-2-3  整合以案例為基礎的推理系統方法與TRIZ方法文獻回顧	7
1-3  研究目的	8
1-4  本文架構	9

第二章  以案例為基礎的推理系統方法	11
2-1  方法介紹	11
2-1-1  知識表現方法	11
2-1-2  指標系統	12
2-1-3  擷取	13
2-1-4  相似度演算法	13
2-1-5  再使用	14
2-1-6  修正	14
2-1-7  保留	15
2-2  案例說明	15
2-3  以案例為基礎的推理系統方法應用於創新設計上的問題	16

第三章  TRIZ方法	19
3-1  TRIZ方法介紹	19
3-2  TRIZ工具一: 矛盾矩陣表與四十創新原理	20
3-3  TRIZ工具二: 技術系統的演進規則	24
3-4  TRIZ工具三: 理想性與理想最終結果(Ideal Final Result)	26
3-5  TRIZ工具四: 物質場分析	27
3-6  TRIZ方法在創新設計上實踐的問題	28
3-7  整合兩方法在工程設計上的問題	28
3-8  整合兩方法在綠色創新上的關係	32

第四章  整合以案例為基礎的推理系統方法與TRIZ方法加速產品綠色創新設計	35
4-1  方法概述	35
4-2  整合以案例為基礎的推理系統方法與TRIZ方法加速產品綠色創新設計流
     程	36
4-2-1  新產品設計資訊	36
4-2-2  擷取、再使用與修正案例得到新設計確認解	37
4-2-3  選擇一項綠色設計目標	38
4-2-4  透過TRIZ工具提升功能特徵達到綠色創新	39
4-2-4-1  矛盾矩陣與四十創新原理	39
4-2-4-2  綠色演化法則與理想性	39
4-2-5  將新綠色產品透過案例學習回存案例庫	42
4-3  案例實踐	42
4-3-1  減少商品和服務的能源密集度	44
4-3-1-1  透過矛盾矩陣與四十創新原理提升功能特徵達到綠色創新	44
4-3-1-2  透過綠色演化法則與理想性提升功能特徵達到綠色創新	45
4-3-2  增強產品和服務的服務性	46
4-3-2-1  透過矛盾矩陣與四十創新原理提升功能特徵達到綠色創新	46
4-3-2-2  透過綠色演化法則與理想性提升功能特徵達到綠色創新	46
4-4  小結	47

第五章  以綠能案例為基礎整合案例為基礎的推理系統方法與TRIZ方法進行節能創創新	49
5-1  方法概述	49
5-2  以綠能案例為基礎整合案例為基礎的推理系統方法與TRIZ方法進行節能
創新設計流程	50
5-2-1  產品功能指標定義與案例庫	51
5-2-2  可輔助設計問題進行節能創新的綠能案例	53
5-2-3  修正技巧一: TRIZ創新原理	53
5-2-4  修正技巧二: 綠色演化法則	53
5-2-5  回存新節能案例於資料庫	53
5-3  案例實踐	53
5-3-1  降低設備能源消耗	54
5-3-1-1  散熱風扇	54
5-3-1-2  喇叭	55
5-3-1-3  顯示設備	56
5-3-2  使用再生能源產生電力	58
5-4  小結	59

第六章	整合TRIZ演進規則、案例為基礎的推理系統方法與簡化生命週期評估方法達到產品綠色創新	61
6-1  方法概述	61
6-2  整合TRIZ演進規則、案例為基礎的推理系統方法與簡化生命週期評估方
     法達到產品綠色創新流程	62
6-2-1  決定設計目標與產品重新設計點	63
6-2-2  由TRIZ技術演進規則產生創新設計技巧	63
6-2-3  引入案例為基礎的推理系統方法加速實踐解答	63
6-2-4  透過簡化生命週期評估方法驗證新設計	65
6-2-5  回存新綠色產品於案例庫	66
6-3  案例實踐	67
6-4  小結	73

第七章  總結與建議	75
7-1  總結	75
7-2  建議	77

參考文獻	81

附錄 A  三十隻滑鼠案例說明	93
附錄 B  一百個節能創新案例	101
附錄 C  七十五個「材料」與「能源」產品的創新技術	113
附錄 D  TRIZ工程參數與矛盾矩陣	125
附錄 E  單一工程特性對應的創新法則表	131

自述	135

歷年發表著作	136


表目錄

表2-1  擷取案例相似度的計算結果	15
表2-2  案例六的產品資訊	16
表2-3  案例八的產品資訊	16
表3-1  三十九個工程參數	22
表3-2  四十個建議創新發明的法則	23
表3-3  矛盾矩陣表(部分節錄)	21
表4-1  滑鼠指標系統功能與特徵的定義	37
表4-2  三十九個工程參數與世界發展永續委員會所制定七大環境效率因子的關係對照表	40
表4-3  不同綠色產品的演化	41
表4-4  新滑鼠設計指標系統中每一項功能特徵的定義	43
表4-5  擷取案例相似度的計算資訊	43
表4-6  案例二的產品資訊	43
表4-7  具耐磨處理的滑鼠資訊(編號二十一)	43
表4-8  朝減少商品與服務的能源密集度下所得到的創新原理	45
表4-9  朝增強產品和服務的服務性下的所得到的創新原理	46
表5-1  節能創新案例庫的指標定義	52
表5-2  散熱風扇指標系統描述	54
表5-3  散熱風扇擷取案例資訊與相似度計算	54
表5-4  喇叭指標系統描述	55
表5-5  喇叭擷取案例資訊與相似度計算	55
表5-6  喇叭矛盾矩陣使用說明	56
表5-7  背光模組指標系統描述	56
表5-8  背光模組擷取案例資訊與相似度計算	56
表5-9  面板指標系統描述	57
表5-10  面板擷取案例資訊與相似度計算	57
表5-11  面板矛盾矩陣使用說明	57
表5-12  人體動能指標系統描述	58
表5-13  人體動能案例資訊與相似度計算	59
表6-1  七十五個不同領域產品(材料或能源)指標系統描述	64
表6-2  5x5矩陣式定性生命週期評估	66
表6-3  指標選定對於螢幕新設計	67
表6-4  最高相似度之案例對於螢幕新設計	68
表6-5  第二高相似度數值之案例對於螢幕新設計	68
表6-6  第三高相似度數值的案例對於螢幕新設計(二之一)	68
表6-7  第三高相似度數值的案例對於螢幕新設計(二之二)	69
表6-8  不同演進規則下最高相似度案例對於螢幕新設計(二之一)	69
表6-9  不同演進規則下最高相似度案例對於螢幕新設計(二之二)	70
表6-10  既有設計的生產前處理階段環境評估資料	70
表6-11  既有設計的生產及製造階段環境評估資料	71
表6-12  既有設計的包裝與運輸階段環境評估資料	71
表6-13  既有設計的使用階段環境評估資料	71
表6-14  既有設計的最終處理及再循環處理階段環境評估資料	71
表6-15  新設計的生產前處理階段環境評估資料	72
表6-16  新設計的生產及製造階段環境評估資料	72
表6-17  新設計的包裝與運輸階段環境評估資料	72
表6-18  新設計的使用階段環境評估資料	72
表6-19  新設計的最終處理及再循環處理階段環境評估資料	73
表6-20  新與既有設計簡化生命週期評估數值統計	73
表6-21  新與既有設計簡化生命週期評估總數值	73

圖目錄

圖1-1  研究架構關係圖	10
圖2-1  以案例為基礎的推理系統方法架構圖	12
圖3-1  TRIZ方法所包含的工具	19
圖3-2  TRIZ解決問題程序	20
圖3-3  技術的S曲線	25
圖3-4  物質場模式	27
圖3-5  Gao等人所提出創新設計方法流程圖	31
圖3-6  李所提出創新設計方法流程圖	30
圖3-7  Robles等人所提出創新設計方法流程圖	32
圖3-8  TRIZ方法作為修改案例的技巧達到綠色產品創新設計	33
圖3-9  以案例為基礎的推理系統方法作為解釋產品創新點子達到綠色創新設計     34
圖4-1  整合以案例為基礎的推理系統方法與TRIZ方法加速產品綠色創新設計流程   36
圖4-2  綠色演化法則與理想性	42
圖4-3  朝減少商品和服務的能源密集度所建立的綠色演化法則與理想性	45
圖4-4  朝增強產品和服務的服務性所建立的綠色演化法則與理想性	47
圖4-5  商用滑鼠的綠色創新點子	47
圖5-1  綠能案例整合案例為基礎的推理系統方法與TRIZ方法進行節能創新設計流程	50
圖5-2  面板綠色演化法則與最終理想結果	58
圖5-3  筆記型電腦的節能創新點子	59
圖6-1  整合TRIZ演進規則、以案例為基礎的推理系統方法與簡化生命週期評估方法達到產品綠色創新方法流程	62


                                    

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