現今社會對於水資源的需求越來越高，於水資源不足的條件之下，水庫要滿足人類需求並同時提供足夠流量予下游生態環境，是十分困難的任務。因此針對計畫之供水量做打折減供為必要之手段，而合理的供水方式，應是在人類需求遭到縮減的同時，環境供應也做一定比例的減少，讓人類與大自然共同面對水資源不足的情境。
由於現今的水庫操作規則並無規範生態環境之流量，也沒有環境流量在水庫面臨下限以下之水位時，所應做的打折手段。有鑑於此，本研究針對研究區域內之環境流量資料加以分析計算，以合作賽局理論中的納許協議賽局為方法，利用效能函數的設計讓人類之各種用水標的與環境流量同為賽局之參與者，藉由這樣的方式來表現人類與環境一同分配有限水資源的概念，並額外考量水庫管理者為其中一位參與者，因水庫管理者於水資源不夠的情況下會希望保留部分水量待日後之用，最後求取納許協議解之分配結果，針對豐水、平水與枯水年等不同之水文年度，探討各參與者的計畫用水需求量及最低滿足量對36旬水庫配水結果所造成之影響。本研究欲藉由納許協議賽局找出生態環境流量合理且具可行性的操作方式，並於本論文之研究區域內，提供環境的參考放水量與缺水時36旬環境流量的打折比例，供日後水資源決策者參考。

Because the water resource is scarce, it’s quite difficult to meet human needs and to provide enough environmental flows at the same time. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce water supply in allocation management of water resources especially in drought situation. In Taiwan, current reservoir operation rules do not consider environmental requirements or any discount plan for environmental flows. This research collected the ecological information of the Shihmen Reservoir and analyzed the regulation of flow condition. A cooperative game was build with five players, that represent five types of water usage, agriculture, industry, resident, environment, and reservoir storage, under a utility function for studying water resources allocations and for finding reasonable amount of water for environmental flows. This model provides reasonable solutions while tested with historical data of various annual precipitations of drought and wet conditions, and can be a useful tool for water resources management.

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