此論文主要以德勒茲和瓜達希對資本主義和（反）伊底帕斯的理論來探究巴拉德《天國降臨》一書中慾望被去符碼化和再符碼化的循環。巴拉德以特立的寫作風格，成為西方文學界中影響層面甚廣的作家。其最後一本小說《天國降臨》較其他作品，卻相對得到學界較少的完整研究。此書以倫敦郊區一處為背景，在虛實間描繪一個被消費主義宰制的理想國度。巴拉德揭露了消費主義帶來的虛幻榮景，並以小說中透過社會改革追求烏托邦來臨的進程，來批判資本主義過度深化所隱含的危機。有別於從心理分析來閱讀該書的方法，此論文將以內在性哲學的慾望論述來探討書中的行動和事件，並強調他們之於抵抗既有社會權威的肯定積極性。此外，我亦試圖透過此文本分析來檢驗（反）伊底帕斯化的論述缺陷。據此，我將先分析慾望是如何在小說中的消費主義烏托邦中被伊底帕斯化。接著，進一步從無聊、種族暴力、法西斯主義和自願性瘋狂等議題來探討故事中烏托邦改革失敗及其演繹出的弊病。藉由此論文的分析，我將叩問並回應以下問題：巴拉德是如何以其「政治性的」書寫來反思並向二十一世紀英國消費主義文化提出警示？社會改革和進步能否帶領我們實踐烏托邦社會的願景？在慾望被去符碼化和再符碼化的循環中產生了什麼倫理困境，而我們又該如何回應？

Mainly using Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari’s theoretical frameworks on capitalism and (anti-)oedipalization, this thesis aims to explore the problematic cycle of recoding and decoding desire in J. G. Ballard’s Kingdom Come. Ballard is an influential writer in contemporary English literature, known for his distinctive writing style. His last novel, Kingdom Come, delineates a utopian consumerist community in the face of its downfall, striving to bring about radical social reforms. Unlike other psychoanalytical analyses of Kingdom Come, this research attempts to adopt the account of immanent desire to explore the actions and events in the novel as affirmative ways of resisting the existing social milieu. Such a strategy can retrospectively help us reveal the flaws of (anti-)oedipalization. I first examine how consumerist power oedipalizes desire in this imagined community. Then I explore the two failures associated with sustaining and revolutionizing the consumerist utopia in terms of boredom, racist violence, fascism, and willed madness. With these focuses on Kingdom Come, we can try to answer the following questions: How does Ballard adopt his “political” writing to reflect on and issue warnings regarding the consumerist culture of England in the twenty-first century? Can social reforms and progressions lead to the achievement of a utopian dream? What are the ethical dilemmas produced in the cycle of decoding and recoding desire, and how are we to grapple with these problems?

Baker, Charley, et al. Madness in Post-1945 British and American Fiction. Springer, 2010.
Baxter, Jeannette, and Rowland Wymer, editors. J. G. Ballard: Visions and Revisions. Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.
Baudrillard, Jean. Simulacra and Simulation. University of Michigan Press, 1994.
Beckman, Frida. “Chronopolitics: Space, Time and Revolution in the Later Novels of J. G. Ballard.” Symploke, vol. 21, no. 1–2, 2013, pp. 271–289.
Benjamin, Walter. “On the Concept of History,” Walter Benjamin: Selected Writings, 4, 1938–1940. Edited by Howard Eiland and Michael W. Jennings. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2006.
---. The Arcades Project. Translated by Howard Eiland and Kevin McLaughlin. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2002.
Buchanan, Ian. Deleuze and Guattari’s Anti-Oedipus: A Reader’s Guide. Continuum, 2008.
Claeys, Gregory, editor. The Cambridge Companion to Utopian Literature. Cambridge University Press, 2010.
Cord, Florian. J. G. Ballard’s Politics: Late Capitalism, Power, and the Pataphysics of Resistance. De Gruyter, 2017.
Deleuze, Gilles. Negotiations, 1972–1990. Columbia University Press, 1995.
Deleuze, Gilles, and Felix Guattari. Anti-Oedipus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia. Translated by Robert Hurley, Mark Seem, and Helen R. Lane. University of Minnesota Press, 1983.
---. What Is Philosophy? Translated by Hugh Tomlinson and Graham Burchill. Columbia University Press, 1994.
Derrida, Jacques. “Violence and Metaphysics.” Writing and Difference. University of Chicago Press, 1978, pp. 79–153.
Foucault, Michel. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. Vintage, 1979.
Gardiner, Michael E. “Henri Lefebvre and the ‘Sociology of Boredom.’” Theory, Culture & Society, vol. 29, issue 2, 2012, pp. 37–62.
Geef, Dennis. Late Capitalism and Its Fictitious Future(s): The Postmodern, Science Fiction, and the Contemporary Dystopia. Book 4. Tectum Wissenschaftsverlag, 2015.
Lai, Chung-Hsiung. “On Violence, Justice and Deconstruction.” Concentric: Literary and Cultural Studies, vol. 29, no. 1, 2003, pp. 23–46.
---. “Women in Fear: A Feminist Dystopia in The Handmaid’s Tale.” Fiction and Drama, vol. 13, 2001, pp. 73–88.
Lefebvre, Henri. Introduction to Modernity: Twelve Preludes, September 1959–May 1961. Translated by John Moore. Verso, 1995.
Holland, Eugene W. Deleuze and Guattari’s Anti-Oedipus: Introduction to Schizoanalysis. Routledge, 1999.
---. “The Utopian Dimension of Thought in Deleuze and Guattari.” Arena Journal, no. 25/26, 2006, pp. 217–242.
Macsiniuc, Cornelia. “Consumerism and the Aestheticisation of Violence in J. G. Ballard’s Kingdom Come.” Concordia Discors vs Discordia Concors: Researches into Comparative Literature, Contrastive Linguistics, Cross-Cultural and Translation Strategies, vol. 8, 2016, pp, 89–106.
Matthews, Graham. “Consumerism’s Endgame: Violence and Community in J. G. Ballard’s Late Fiction.” Journal of Modern Literature, vol. 36, no. 2, 2013, pp. 122–139.
Patton, Paul. “Utopian Political Philosophy: Deleuze and Rawls.” Deleuze and Guattari Studies, vol. 1, issue 1, 2007, pp. 41–59.
---. Deleuze and the Political. Routledge, 2000.
Ruppert, Peter. Reader in a Strange Land: The Activity of Reading Literary Utopias. University of Georgia Press, 1986.
Selden, Raman, Peter Widdowson, and Peter Brooker. A Reader’s Guide to Contemporary Literary Theory. Routledge, 2013.
Sellars, Simon. “‘Zones of Transition’: Micronationalism in the Work of J. G. Ballard.” J. G. Ballard: Visions and Revisions. Palgrave Macmillan, London, 2012, pp. 230–248.
---. Extreme Metaphors: Interviews with J. G. Ballard, 1967–2008. Fourth Estate, 2012.
Smith, Daniel W. “Deleuze and Derrida, Immanence and Transcendence: Two Directions in Recent French Thought.” Between Deleuze and Derrida. Edited by Paul Patton and John Protevi. Continuum, 2003, pp. 46–66.
---. “Flow, Code and Stock: A Note on Deleuze’s Political Philosophy.” Deleuze Studies, vol. 5, supplement, 2011, pp. 36–55.
Smith, Daniel W., and Henry Somers-Hall, editors. The Cambridge Companion to Deleuze. Cambridge University Press, 2012.
Wagar, W. Warren. “J. G. Ballard and the Transvaluation of Utopia.” Science Fiction Studies, 1991, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 53–70.
Wegner, Phillip E. Imaginary Communities: Utopia, the Nation, and the Spatial Histories of Modernity. University of California Press, 2002.