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研究生: 袁聖翔
Yuan, Sheng-Hsiang
論文名稱: 即時影像辨識之跨樓層物料收發機器人
A Delivering Robot Roaming Between Floors with Real-time Recognition Capability
指導教授: 王宗一
Wang, Tzone-I
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 工程科學系
Department of Engineering Science
論文出版年: 2013
畢業學年度: 101
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 51
中文關鍵詞: 自走機器人即時影像辨識跨樓層
外文關鍵詞: Mobile Robot, Real-time Image Recognition, cross-floors
相關次數: 點閱:85下載:10
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  • 面對忙碌的社會,人們總希望有個在旁服務的小幫手,而此時機器人便可以突顯它的實用價值,幫忙做一些簡單的服務及幫助,像是跑腿送文件,幫忙運送飲料或餐點,倒垃圾,亦或者幫助行動不便的人按電梯,甚至危險或反覆性的工作等,這些在每天忙碌的生活中上演,而為了達到更多的服務項目,機器人需要一隻強健的手臂,以及即時的影像辨識演算法來輔助完成各式各樣的任務。而現今機器人的工作環境大多侷限在同一平面或同一樓層,且現在的建築大多採用高樓層方式建築,並裝置有電梯,因此本研究最後目的是研製一台可跨樓層運送物件的服務機器人。
    在控制上,首先使用者透過人機介面告知機器人任務及目標,載入環境地圖和目標物的圖樣資料庫,利用路徑規劃使機器人移動到目的地,影像辨識運用SIFT演算法提取輸入影像的特徵點,再與載入的圖樣資料做匹配,攝影機隨著機器手臂的機構旋轉,就可達到自動搜尋環境的功能,當計算出目標物的相對位置後,啟動機器手臂執行按電梯或抓取物品的動作,最後透過實驗來驗證本論文機器人的功能。

    Nowadays, living in a busy society, people always hope there are assistants around to help them with tedious works. That highlights the necessity and importance of service robots. They not only can provide simple service and assistance, such as sending files, disposing garbage, serving drinks, and etc., but also can help disabled people with daily life needs. Moreover, they can even serve in repetitive situations or dangerous environments. In order to achieve such various functions, a robot needs a robust manipulator, as well as real-time image recognition algorithms. To enable a service robot to work in a high building, which is norm these days, it is important also to make the robot able to roam between different floors.
    The aim of this study is to develop a service robot that can roam across floors by autonomously taking lifts for delivering various objects. Maps of environments and feature points of objects of images from different perspectives extracted by using SIFT algorithm are established beforehand. The robot is controlled by a human-computer interface (HCI) to inform the robot its missions and goals. After given a task, the robot load the map of the environment and the patterns of the target images first. Next, a planned path guides the robot to the destination. A camera mounted on the manipulator keeps searching the targeted object in the environment and extracting feature points of objects found in the input images to match with the feature points of the loaded patterns of the targeted object. Once found, the object can be grabbed for delivering.

    中文摘要 I Abstract II 誌謝 III 目錄 IV 圖目錄 VII 表目錄 IX 第 1 章 緒論 1 1.1 研究背景與動機 1 1.2 研究目的 2 1.3 研究貢獻 3 1.4 論文架構 3 第 2 章 文獻回顧 4 2.1 自走機器人跨樓層研究 4 2.2 影像辨識研究 5 2.3 機器手臂研究 5 第 3 章 自走機器人系統之硬體架構 7 3.1 自走機器人系統架構簡介 7 3.2 自走機器人硬體架構 9 3.2.1 車體部分 9 3.3 驅動系統與電路簡介 10 3.3.1 驅動控制核心 10 3.4 機器手臂硬體架構 13 3.5 馬達硬體介紹 14 3.5.1 直流馬達 14 3.5.2 RX伺服馬達 16 3.5.3 AI-701馬達 18 3.6 感測器硬體介紹 19 3.6.1 壓力感測器 20 3.6.2 微動開關 21 3.6.3 Logitech網路攝影機 22 第 4 章 系統設計與實現 23 4.1 系統控制流程 23 4.2 路徑規劃介面 24 4.2.1 路徑規劃演算法 25 4.3 影像處理介面 27 4.3.1 建立影像資料庫 29 4.3.2 SIFT影像辨識 29 4.3.3空間座標轉換 35 4.3.3.1影像計算景深 35 4.3.3.2影像計算偏移角度 37 4.3.4影像輔助搭電梯功能 38 4.4 機器手臂關節計算 39 4.5 驅動控制系統 40 4.6 語音處理系統 41 第 5 章 實驗結果與討論 42 5.1 機器手臂抓取實驗 42 5.2 機器手臂按電梯實驗 43 5.3 自走機器人跨樓層飲料收發實驗 44 5.4 實驗結果討論 47 第 6 章 結論與建議 48 6.1 結論 48 6.2 建議 48 參考文獻 50

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