本研究針對金屬積層製造過程中即時溫度監測之需求，提出結合自主開發之雷射金屬箔材積層製造（Laser Foil Printing, LFP）系統與嵌入式感測器之智慧型金屬元件製程。以316L不銹鋼為材料，於LFP疊層過程中嵌入薄膜型負溫度係數熱敏電阻（NTC thermistor）作為溫度感測元件，並設計保護層以降低列印過程中的熱衝擊影響；進一步探討保留與移除熱敏電阻表面薄膜對感測效能之差異。為優化製程，首先運用有限元素法（FEM）建立三維熱傳模型，模擬多道次熔池行為，並與實驗熔池數據比對，結果顯示偏差低於10%，驗證模擬之準確性。藉由單道實驗結合機器學習演算法，建立最佳化製程參數圖，成功製備緻密度高達99.9%的高品質金屬元件。感測效能驗證顯示，移除保護薄膜之熱敏電阻於單層列印中可量測到最高溫度116.3 °C，較保留薄膜者之71.6 °C顯著提升，展現更佳的熱傳效率與感測靈敏度。此外，系統整合藍牙模組，實現溫度數據即時無線傳輸至智慧型裝置，達成加工過程之遠程監控。本研究驗證LFP技術結合嵌入式感測設計應用於功能性智慧金屬元件之可行性，為智慧製造與高性能金屬功能元件之開發提供重要技術參考。

This study presents the development of smart metallic components with embedded sensing functionality using a self-developed Laser Foil Printing (LFP) additive manufacturing system and 316L stainless steel. Thin-film negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistors were embedded within the metal structure for in-situ temperature monitoring, and a protective layer was designed to reduce thermal stress during the printing process. To evaluate the effect of the thermistor's surface film on sensing performance, two configurations (with and without the film) were compared. A process map of optimal parameters was generated through single-track experiments combined with machine learning algorithms, successfully achieving high-density parts with a relative density of 99.9%. Furthermore, a three-dimensional multi-track thermal model was established using the Finite Element Method (FEM), and the simulation results showed a deviation of less than 10% compared with experimental melt pool data, validating the model’s accuracy. Temperature sensing results revealed that thermistors without the surface film recorded a peak temperature of 116.3 °C, significantly higher than the 71.6 °C measured with the film, demonstrating improved heat transfer and sensing efficiency. A Bluetooth module was also integrated to enable real-time wireless temperature data transmission to mobile devices, allowing remote monitoring during the fabrication process. This research demonstrates the feasibility and application potential of integrating sensors into metallic structures via LFP technology to realize functional smart metal components, providing a valuable technical reference for future smart manufacturing and high-performance functional part development.

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