Cyclin-dependent protein kinases（CDKs）是由一群 serine/threonine蛋白激所組成的基因家族，它們必須藉著與cyclin結合才能呈現其作用活性。根據酵母菌及動物系統的研究指出：CDK除了涉及真核生物中細胞週期（cell cycle）的調控外，在細胞分化及基因轉錄等過程中也扮演重要角色，然而，目前在植物的相關研究上，則大多僅集中於對細胞增生(cell proliferation)機制調控的了解。在本研究中，我們從水稻分離出一個Orysa;CDKC;1基因，根據親源分析(phylogenetic analysis)指出：它是屬於植物C類型的CDK基因，也是目前唯一在單子葉植物中發現的CDKC。為了進一步探討Orysa;CDKC;1基因的功能，由北方墨點分析結果得知：此基因在所有檢測的組織中皆有表現，且在較成熟的葉子及花穗中表現量較高，而在較年幼的葉子及花穗中表現量則較低，此顯示：Orysa;CDKC;1基因可能在葉子及花穗發育晚期進行著重要的調控工作。另一方面，Orysa;CDKC;1基因在具有分裂能力較旺盛的年幼組織中表現量低，這可能也意味其扮演著與細胞增生較無直接關係的角色。此外，Orysa;CDKC;1基因在hydroxyurea (HU)的處理下受到急遽性的誘導，然而，在此充當細胞增生活性指標的Orysa;CDKB2;1基因的表現則呈現被抑制的現象;這樣的結果也再一次暗示Orysa;CDKC;1基因可能與細胞增生的調控機制較不相關。最後，我們也探討Orysa;CDKC;1基因在缺糖、鹽害(salt stress)、甘露糖醇(mannitol)及離層酸(ABA)作用下的表現情形。結果顯示：Orysa;CDKC;1基因表現會受到鹽害及離層酸的誘導，但不會受缺糖及甘露糖醇的影響。綜合本研究的結果推論：Orysa;CDKC;1基因不僅受到發育的調控，也參與了鹽害及離層酸的訊息傳遞路徑。

Cyclin-dependent protein kinases (CDKs) form a conserved superfamily of eukaryotic serine/ threonine protein kinases, which require binding to a regulatory cyclin for activity. CDKs are organized in several gene families, and involved in different aspects of cell biology, such as cell proliferation, differentiation and transcription. In this study, we present the characterization of the rice C-type CDK gene, Orysa;CDKC;1, which is first identified from monocotyledons. Orysa;CDKC;1 gene was expressed in all organs of rice plant we examined. Relative high amounts of Orysa;CDKC;1 transcript were detected in mature leaves and panicles, compared with those in immature leaves and panicles. The result indicated its putative roles at the later stage of leaf and panicle development. Besides, the temporally lower accumulation of the Orysa;CDKC;1 transcript in younger organs with high dividing activity could also imply that Orysa;CDKC;1 gene performs functions indirectly correlated with proliferation. Furthermore, upon hydroxyurea (HU), which lead to cell proliferation inhibition, as indicated by Orysa;CDKB2;1 expression, which served as an active cell proliferation marker, the dramatically accumulation of Orysa;CDKC;1 transcripts confirms that Orysa;CDKC;1 could function beyond cell proliferation. In addition, we also elucidate the expression patterns of Orysa;CDKC;1 in response to sucrose starvation, salt stress, mannitol and ABA treatments in rice cells. Our data showed that the Orysa;CDKC;1 transcript was induced upon salt stress and ABA treatment, and was unaffected by sucrose starvation and mannitol application. In conclusion, it has been proposed that Orysa;CDKC;1 isolated from rice might be involved not only in the developmental programs, but also in the salt- and ABA- signaling pathway.

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