臺灣位在環太平洋地震帶上，時常發生難以預期的地震災害，對於十分注重營運穩定與安全的大眾運輸系統更是避之唯恐不及的事，倘若不幸發生應如何讓影響降到最低，是各個國家主要關心的議題。本文主要研究軌道車輛行駛在高架橋梁路段面臨地震時，於不同震度、橋梁斷面型式與車速之間的行車安全狀況，並探討相互關聯性。首先參考國內高速鐵路、捷運系統與臺灣鐵路採用的高架橋梁斷面型式，使用結構分析軟體SAP2000建立三種高架橋梁模型，進行動力歷時分析獲得橋上地震反應，並輸入載有1:5縮尺車輛轉向架模型之地震模擬平台，實施高架列車運行中遭遇地震模擬實驗。評估各實驗項目穩定性係藉由架設加速規於模型，根據傳遞路徑分析概念量測與後處理得到連續歷時之輪軌側向與垂向力，再推導脫軌係數協助判斷。
分析結果發現墩柱與跨度相同的前提下，不同橋梁型式斷面積大小影響質量而改變主頻率，若與地震頻率愈接近，橋上反應放大程度愈大。實驗結果顯示列車遭遇3級地震時100km/h以下運行穩定性尚可；面臨4級地震與5弱之橋上地震反應，脫軌係數已超越限制值，安全狀態堪憂，不過降速處理至50km/h即可使列車遠離運行不穩定的情況。此外不同高架橋梁運行穩定性與地震響應放大程度的趨勢一致，呈現正相關的關係。

When the rail system was struck by earthquake, it threatened the safety of rail vehicles. This study revealed the conditions of elevated trains encounter earthquake between different types of bridge decks, seismic intensities, and the speed of vehicle. First, three types of bridge models were established by SAP2000 and conducted time history analysis to obtain the seismic response. Then, the shaking table which was equipped with a 1:5 scale bogie model conducted the seismic response to simulate the earthquake encountered.
The analysis results found that section of area of different deck affected the mass and changed dominant frequency, and the closer it was to the earthquake frequency, the greater the amplification of the response on the bridge. The experimental results showed that when the train below 100 km/h encountered an intensity 3 earthquake was safe; however, an intensity 4 or 5- on the bridge, the derailment coefficient had exceeded the limit, which means these situations were hazardous. But the train will be safe by slowing down to 50 km/h. Moreover, it was a correlation between the running safety and the amplification of seismic response.

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