結合內生成長理論及動態GMM追蹤資料方法，本研究探討國內國防支出及國外國防支出增加對經濟成長的影響。實證觀察國家包含從1990年到2002年的經典敵對國家、1990年到2006年的北約同盟組織、1990年到2005年的中東地區國家及1992年到2006年的高國防支出國家。
研究結果發現，在開放經濟內生成長模型之下，國內國防支出及國外國防支出皆各存在最適門檻值。當國內國防支出及國外國防支出小於門檻值時，國內國防支出上升的利益大於成本，將帶動國內經濟成長上升；國內國防支出大於門檻值時，國內國防支出上升的利益小於成本，將阻礙國內經濟成長。因此，國內國防支出與經濟成長呈現非線性凹函數影響路徑。國外國防支出同樣呈現非線性凹函數影響路徑。實證結果部份：經典敵對國家組合的國內國防支出對國內經濟成長的影響和理論結果一致符合；國外國防支出常數項及平方項與本國經濟成長皆呈現顯著正相關。北約同盟組織(NATO)及高國防支出國家的國內國防支出及國外國防支出對經濟成長的影響路徑皆和理論一致；亦即，呈現非線性凹函數路徑。中東地區國家國內國防支出及國外國防支出則呈現非線性凸函數路徑：當國內國防支出及國外國防支出越偏離門檻值，該支出的增加將使本國經濟成長越快速的現象。

Based on the endogenous growth theory and dynamic panel GMM methods, this research examines the influence of military expenditure on economic growth. The observed countries are composed of classical trivial countries over the period from 1990 to 2002, NATO over the period from 1990 to 2006, the middle east countries over the period from 1990 to 2005 and high military expenditure countries over the period from 1992 to 2006.
Theoretical results indicate that a threshold of military expenditure exists. If the home country military expenditure smaller than such critical value, an increase in home country military expenditure is associated faster economic growth domestically. After such threshold, domestic economic growth rate decreases with home country military expenditure. Domestic economic growth should be a non-linear concave function of home country military expenditures. The relationship between foreign country military expenditures and domestic economic growth presents similarly. Empirical findings reveal that, experiences of classical trivial countries is line with theoretical result that domestic economic growth is a non-linear concave function of home country military expenditure. Yet, an increase in foreign country military expenditure leads to faster domestic economic growth. Experiences of NATO and high-military-expenditure countries present that the relationship between home or foreign country military expenditure and domestic economic growth is non-linear. Differently, estimation results of the Middle East countries show that domestic economic growth is a non-linear convex function of home and foreign countries’ military expenditure, which is in contrast with the theoretical findings.

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