土壤污染問題日益嚴重，至今在台灣，公告為污染控制場址有693處，公告為污染整治場址有29處；在整治場址中，受石油碳氫化合物污染的有15處，占國內土壤污染案例一半以上。生物復育因其整治成本低，對環境較友善，近幾年來逐漸受到重視。而在之前的研究及實場應用中，發現生物復育有兩階段降解的現象，第二階段的降解遲滯造成生物復育操作工時過長，使生物復育的應用受到了限制。本研究希望藉由探討生物降解性及土壤有機質對生物可及性的影響來了解這個問題。
本研究分為兩個階段，第一階段為生物降解性試驗，第二階段為有機質土壤對生物可及性的試驗。
由生物降解性實驗中可以看到，添加的Rhodococcus erythropolis、Gordonia alkanivorans、Acinetobacter junii、Exiguobacterium aurantiacum及Serratia marcescens對Heptadecane有良好的降解效果，在5天內降解近100%，其降解速率常數為-0.0533 hr-1；對Naphthalene也有降解的效果，扣除揮發量後約降解有25%。在上述菌群再添加1株細菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)及2株酵母菌為(Candida guilliermondii與Candida parapsilosis)進行批次，對Pristane也有不錯的降解效果。操作17天後降解率達97%，其降解速速率常數為-0.1571 day-1。結束本階段試驗後，決定挑選Heptadecane、Pristane及Naphthalene做下一階段的生物可及性試驗。
從生物可及性實驗可以看到，由BH Medium添加泥炭土與未添加泥炭土的試驗做比較，添加泥炭土會使Heptadecane與Pristane的生物降解變慢變差，到批次末期(1個月)仍有部分殘餘濃度。由此發現，土壤有機質會使菌群的生物可及性變差，造成降解變慢。

The problem of soil pollution is serious day by day. There are 693 pollution control sites and 29 pollution remediation sites announced nowadays in Taiwan. In pollution remediation sites, and there are 15 sites polluted by total petroleum hydrocarbons. It takes over half of soil pollution case. Bioremediation have been paid attention in recent years because its low cost and it is relatively friendly to the environment. In previos researches and applications in real sites, we observed there are two stages of degradation in bioremediation. The lag phase of second-stage degradation causes the bioremediation time is too long. It also limits the application of bioremediation. The objective of this study is to understand the problems by researching the biodegradability and the effect of soil organic matters on bioavailability.
This study is divided into two stages. The first stage is the biodegradability tests, and the second stage is the test of soil organic matters on bioavailability.
In biodegradability tests, we find the bacteria we added (Rhodococcus erythropolis, Gordonia alkanivorans, Acinetobacter junii, Exiguobacterium aurantiacum and Serratia marcescens) has good degradation to Heptadecane. They degraded almost 100% in 5 days, and its degradation rate constant is -0.0533 hr-1. They also degraded Naphthalene. They degraded about 25% without the amount of volatilization. We add one species of bacterium (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and two species of yeast (Candida guilliermondii and Candida parapsilosis) with the bacterium mentioned above into batch tests. We find they also has good degradation to Pristane. They degraded 97% in 17 days, and its degradation rate constant is -0.1571 day-1. After finishing test of this stage, we determined to select Heptadecane, Pristane and Naphthalene to do the test of bioavailability in next stage.
We compared the tests of BH Medium with peat and BH Medium withou peat. We find the addition of peat make the biodegradation of Heptadecane and Pristane slow and less. Until the end of batch (one month later), the tests also have some residual concentrations. We can observe that, soil organic matters effect the poorness of bioavailability and cause the slowness of biodegradation.

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