由於作為鳳山淨水廠主要水源的高屏溪水量與水質問題日益嚴重，為尋求替代水源，自來水公司決議以東港溪作為其替代/備用水源，然而東港溪因氨氮濃度較高，根據水源水質標準無法直接做為自來水水源，故於2016年開始啟用生物前處理單元，藉由硝化作用將水中之氨氮轉化為硝酸鹽氮，再經由鳳山水庫自淨後，做為備用水源。本研究主要目標為監測實廠前處理單元之水質與微生物菌群，評估其硝化效率並探討其與微生物族群之關係，同時嘗試針對曝氣強度的最佳化與脫硝的可行性進行評估。不同初始食微比的批次結果顯示，比氨氧化速率隨初始食微比提高而提高，然而比硝酸生成速率的變化卻不明顯，推測與硝酸鹽氮於載體BioNET的吸脫附有關係。而在連續流試驗的過程中發現，實驗室規模的反應器因體積與曝氣設備的限制，無法完全模擬現場之狀況，然而結果顯示，曝氣強度與氧氣含量的降低皆會影響硝化效率；而在好氧/缺氧的得連續流試驗中，則發現脫硝的現象並不明顯，但在額外添加乙酸做為碳源之後，脫硝作用則明顯增強，顯示東港溪原水中之有機物可能不適合做為碳源供微生物利用。在分子生物技術之結果部分，real-time PCR 結果顯示氨氧化菌與亞硝氧化菌的含量與硝化效率有相關；而t-RFLP的結果也顯示族群在硝化效率降低時有所變化，影響其含量與族群變化之因素可能包括溫度的降低或是導電度的上升。

Since climate change and artificial pollution, the water quality and quantity is getting worse in Gaoping river which is the water source of Fengshan drinking water treatment plant. The Gaoping river has lower water quantity during winter time due to the low rainfall intensity and high turbidity eroded by typhoon during summer season. To solve this thorny issues, the government decided to search an alternative water source for Fengshan drinking water treatment plant, while Donggang river is considered because of its stable water quantity despite substandard ammonia concentration. In the case, a full-scale plant of biological treatment process with addition of BioNET, which aims to removal ammonia via biological nitrification, had been run since 2016. The objective of the research is to monitor the full-scale unit and evaluate the possibilities of optimization on aeration intensity and the potential of denitrification. Batch experiments under different initial substrate-to-biomass revealed that specific ammonia oxidation rate somehow followed Monod-type kinetic but specific nitrate production rate did not, which due probably to the adsorption/desorption mechanism between BioNET and bulk liquid. Continuous studies implied that reduction of aeration intensity could lead to unstable nitrification although results from lab-scale bioreactor could not fully represent the situation in full-scale unit. Denitrification was also observed during batches when dissolved oxygen was low or/and when adding acetate as additional organic matter. Results from real-time PCR revealed that nitrification efficiency in the pretreatment unit might be related to the abundances of AOB and NOB, while t-RFLP results indicate that there were population shifts in AOB when nitrification efficiency reduced due probably to temperature drop or increasing conductivity.

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