由於全球經濟、資金流動國際化的趨勢，國家的租稅改革策略造成國際之間的租稅競賽效果。政府為吸引國人的海外資金回台投資，進行遺產及贈與稅改革；於2009年1月23日實施遺產贈與稅法的修正案，調降遺產及贈與稅。期待台灣此項租稅改革措施能吸引海外資金回流，活絡國內經濟及增進財政收入。本研究於遺產及贈與稅調降政策施行4年後，租稅誘因的經濟實質效益較為明顯時，透過對遺產及贈與稅理論與實證的探討，檢視遺產及贈與稅調降後對內及對外產生的政策效果是否已達預期。
本研究探討遺產及贈與稅制改革前後對海外資金流動量及賦稅收入之變化。以2000年至2012年為研究期間，使用中央銀行、經濟部，及財政部的統計數據。透過計量經濟軟體EViews建立多元迴歸模型，進行實證分析與相關統計檢定。
研究發現，影響海外資金回流包括3個因素：美國經濟成長率、台美間之利率差，及OECD景氣綜合領先指標；遺產及贈與稅調降政策對國人海外資金變動並無顯著影響。遺產及贈與稅調降對兩稅稅收有顯著影響，但二稅目之變動方向相反：稅制改變後的遺產稅稅收減少，但贈與稅稅收增加。進一步分析遺產及贈與稅稅源變化時發現，贈與稅適用單一稅率10%的課稅案件仍逐年增加。顯示為租稅規劃目的而贈與移轉的行為並未同步減少。

The trends of globalized economy and international capital flow have caused governments around the world to adopt tax reform strategies and engage in tax competition. The Taiwanese government implemented estate and gift tax reform to attract citizens to redirect their investments overseas back to Taiwan. The amendment to the Estate and Gift Tax Act that took effect on January 23rd, 2009 reduced estate and gift tax in hopes of attracting overseas capital back to Taiwan, and revitalize the domestic economy, as well as increase fiscal revenue. This study was conducted 4 years after the estate and gift tax reduction policy was implemented, when the economic benefits of tax incentives were more apparent. The theory and practice of estate and gift tax are explored to find whether or not the estate and gift tax reduction policy has achieved the expected benefits.
This study explores the changes in overseas capital and tax revenue before and after estate and gift tax reform, and uses data from year 2000 to 2012. A multiple regression model is constructed using EViews, which is then applied for empirical analysis and various tests on statistical data from the Central Bank of the Republic of China, Ministry of Economic Affairs, and Ministry of Finance.
This study found 3 factors that affect the return of overseas capital: the economic growth rate of the United States, interest rate difference between Taiwan and the United States, and composite leading indicators of the OECD. There is no significant effect of the estate and gift tax reduction policy on the return of overseas capital. The reduction of estate and gift tax has a significant effect on tax revenue of both categories, but in opposite directions, in which estate tax revenue decreased and gift tax revenue increased. A further analysis of the source of estate and gift tax revenue shows that the number of cases applicable to the 10% tax rate of gift tax continues to grow sequentially each year. This indicates that gifts and transfer of assets for tax planning purposes have not decreased.

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