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研究生： 胡榮峰
Hu, Rong-Feng
論文名稱： 利用靜電輔助電力霧化製備幾丁聚醣微奈米球
Fabrication of Micro- and Nano-chitosan Particles Using Electrohydrodynamic Atomization
指導教授： 吳文騰
Wu, Wen-Teng
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 化學工程學系
Department of Chemical Engineering
論文出版年： 2010
畢業學年度： 98
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 73
中文關鍵詞： 電噴灑 、電力霧化 、幾丁聚醣 、粒徑分佈
外文關鍵詞： electrospray, electrohydrodynamic atomization, chitosan, particle size distribution
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    • 本研究成功利用電力霧化技術製備出平均粒徑低於1 μm之幾丁聚醣微奈米顆粒。文中探討溶劑、外加電壓大小、電場距離與溶液流速，對於顆粒成形與粒徑分佈之影響。隨著高分子濃度降低，高分子溶液黏度變小，產物形態隨之由纖維膜轉變為顆粒。電壓影響電場強度與感應電荷密度，造成泰勒錐頂射流直徑變化，影響顆粒直徑。電場距離影響電場強度與溶劑揮發完全與否，距離過短時，液滴難以乾燥完全成為顆粒；距離過長時，則靜電作用力減弱，無法進入穩定錐狀流模式，無法獲得單分佈之微奈米顆粒。流速主要決定射流破裂機制。低流速下有利於縮小粒徑分佈；高流速下為扭結破裂，形成之粒徑分佈趨於寬廣，故低流速為建議之操作方向。
    本研究最後利用田口式實驗設計法，以控制平均粒徑與降低相對標準差為主要目標，決定出欲同時控制平均粒徑達目標值，與其分佈趨向集中時，首要為調整高分子溶液濃度，再者建議為調整距離與電壓，將可獲得各種平均粒徑之單分布顆粒。並由白金漢因次分析法搭配數據迴歸成功建立適用於幾丁聚醣溶於三氟乙酸系統之電力霧化標度方程組，其預測粒徑與實驗值相對誤差為 -8.15 %。

    Chitosan micro/nanoparticles have been successfully produced using the electrohydrodynamic atomization (EHDA). In this study, the choices of solvent play an important role. Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) has been used as the solvent for chitosan because of the lower value of surface tension. The effect of applied voltage, distance between the electrodes and flow rate on the morphology and the particle size distribution were investigated systematically. A chitosan solution having a low concentration could be used to prepare chitosan particles during a suitable electric distance. The size of the fabricated particles decreased with increasing applied voltage as well as decreasing flow rate. By using Taguchi Methods, the strategy for a controlled size and narrow size distribution were developed. A suitable scaling law, which allow for prediction of the size of the produced polymer particles based on the polymer weight fraction and electrohydrodynamic atomization process parameters, were formulated and tested. The relative error value was -8.15 %.

    摘要.....................................I Abstract..................................II 目錄.....................................V 表目錄..................................VIII 圖目錄....................................IX 符號....................................XI 第一章 緒論.................................1 1-1 前言..................................1 1.2 研究動機與目標.............................2 第二章 文獻回顧...............................3 2.1 幾丁聚醣簡介..............................3 2.1.1 幾丁聚醣製備與結構..........................3 2.1.2 幾丁聚醣的化學性質與特性......................6 2.2 幾丁聚醣微奈米顆粒製備........................10 2.2.1 凝膠/沉澱法 (Coacervation and Precipitation)......10 2.2.2 乳化交聯法 (Emulsion cross-linking)............10 2.2.3 篩分法 (Sieving method)....................11 2.2.4 電力霧化法 (electrohydrodynamic atomization)......11 2.2.4.1 電力霧化設備...........................12 2.2.4.2 電力霧化模型...........................13 2.3 田口氏實驗設計法............................22 2.4 電力霧化數學模組............................24 第三章 實驗材料與方法...........................25 3.1實驗材料與儀器.............................25 3.1.1實驗材料...............................25 3.1.2實驗設備與儀器............................25 3.2方程式推導...............................28 3.2.1因次分析...............................28 3.3實驗方法................................31 3.3.1溶液配製...............................31 3.3.2顆粒製備...............................31 3.3.3儀器分析原理與試樣處理........................34 3.3.3.1 掃描式電子顯微鏡.........................34 3.3.3.2 電子顯微鏡樣品前處理......................34 3.3.3.3 平衡表面張力的測量........................35 第四章 實驗結果與討論..........................37 4.1不同溶劑對於電力霧化模式之影響....................37 4.1.1溶液導電度之影響...........................39 4.1.2溶液黏度之影響............................40 4.1.3溶液表面張力之影響..........................46 4.1.4小結.................................47 4.2操作變數對微奈米球之影響........................48 4.2.1電壓大小對微奈米球粒徑的影響....................48 4.2.2電場距離對微奈米球粒徑的影響....................50 4.2.3高分子溶液流速對微奈米球粒徑的影響.................55 4.2.4小結.................................58 4.3參數設計................................59 4.3.1 S/N比之回應圖與回應表.......................59 4.3.2小結.................................63 4.4迴歸分析................................63 4.4.1實驗數據迴歸.............................64 4.4.2 結論................................65 第五章 結論與未來展望..........................66 5.1 總結..................................66 5.2 未來展望................................68 參考文獻..................................69

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