都市熱島效應（Urban Heat Island, UHI）對行人熱舒適度與都市宜居性構成重大挑戰，特別是在高密度城市環境中。本研究透過太陽輻射透射率（Solar Radiation Transmittance, SRT）地圖與生理等效溫度（Physiologically Equivalent Temperature, PET）分析，量化都市遮蔽效益，並於臺灣的臺南與臺北進行現地測量。研究利用GIS為基礎的SRT地圖標準化樹蔭與建築物陰影對日射穿透的影響，以識別都市中遮蔭不足的區域。
首先，透過理解計算熱舒適度的模式，建立生理等效溫度簡算式，簡易評估體感溫度。結果顯示，太陽輻射、氣溫與風速是影響台灣都市熱舒適度的主要因素。研究使用ArcGIS太陽輻射模擬，並延伸應用於熱舒適地圖製作，協助都市規劃者量化區域遮蔭效益、計算路徑平均PET、辨識高曝曬區域等，提供都市規劃者熱調適策略參考。
在小尺度分析中，樹蔭與建築物陰影皆能降低行人受熱曝露，但影響效果不同。樹蔭提供穩定的降溫效果，其SRT範圍為0.18至0.60，且與葉面積指數（Leaf Area Index, LAI）呈高度負相關（R² = 0.95）；建築物陰影的SRT範圍為0.02至0.25，能有效遮蔽太陽輻射，但同時可能因蓄熱效應加劇都市熱島效應。整體而言，適當增加遮蔭可使戶外空間PET降低1至2°C，顯著提升步行舒適度與環境宜居性。
此外，本研究引入網格尺度日射透射率（Grid Solar Radiation Transmittance, GSRT），以100m × 100m單位分析都市整體日射暴露狀態。臺灣常見樹種的SRT範圍為0.2至0.5，平均值約0.3；建築物陰影的SRT範圍為0.02至0.18，平均值為0.14。本研究將樹冠SRT設定為0.3，應用於修正ArcGIS太陽輻射模擬結果，提升樹蔭區日射模擬的精確度。
本研究開發的都市體感溫度簡算模式與遮蔽效益評估方法，可應用於都市遮蔭缺口辨識與舒適步行路徑推薦，為都市熱環境管理與調適規劃提供具體的量化工具。

This study investigates the impact of the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect on pedestrian thermal comfort and quantifies the shading effectiveness of buildings and vegetation through analysis of Solar Radiation Transmissivity (SRT) and Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET). Field measurements and simulation validations were conducted in Tainan and Taipei, Taiwan. GIS technology was utilized to generate thermal comfort maps and standardize the influence of tree canopy and building shadows on solar radiation penetration, in order to identify urban areas with insufficient shading.
Results indicate that both tree shade and building shadows reduce pedestrian heat exposure, though their effects differ. Tree shade provides a stable cooling effect, with SRT ranging from 0.18 to 0.60, and shows a strong negative correlation with Leaf Area Index (LAI) (R² = 0.95). Building shadows significantly reduce radiation exposure (SRT = 0.02 to 0.25) but may exacerbate the urban heat island effect. Overall, appropriate increases in shading can reduce PET by 1 to 2°C, effectively enhancing walking comfort and urban livability.
Furthermore, this study established a simplified PET estimation model and integrated SRT adjustments into ArcGIS solar radiation simulations, improving the accuracy of thermal comfort assessments. The results show that solar radiation, air temperature, and wind speed are the primary climatic factors influencing urban thermal comfort in Taiwan. ArcGIS solar radiation simulation can be applied to shading map generation, supporting urban planners in quantifying regional shading effectiveness, prioritizing high-exposure areas, and promoting more sustainable urban heat adaptation strategies.
The simplified urban thermal comfort model developed in this study can be applied for identifying shading gaps, evaluating shading facility effectiveness, and recommending thermally comfortable walking routes, offering a practical quantitative tool for urban heat environment management.

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第二節、中文文獻
1.陳佳君. (2018). 戶外觀光活動熱舒適性研究-以台南孔廟園區為例.
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