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研究生： 楊振
Yang, Jhen
論文名稱： 開發馬來醯亞胺修飾電極用於尿液白蛋白之阻抗式感測
Development of maleimide-modified biosensor for the impedimetric detection of albumin in urine
指導教授： 許梅娟
Syu, Mei-Jwyan
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 化學工程學系
Department of Chemical Engineering
論文出版年： 2021
畢業學年度： 109
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 68
中文關鍵詞： 生物感測器 、尿液白蛋白 、馬來醯亞胺 、電化學阻抗頻譜
外文關鍵詞： biosensor, urine albumin, maleimides, impedimetric detection
相關次數： 點閱：124  下載：0 
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    • 中文摘要 I Abstract II Acknowledgement III Contents IV List of Figures VII List of Tables XI Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Preface 1 1.2 Microalbuminuria 1 1.3 Motivation and Purpose 2 Chapter 2. Literature Review 3 2.1 Albumin 3 2.1.1 Human Serum Albumin (HSA) 3 2.1.2 Clinical Evaluation 3 2.1.3 Hydrophobic Cavity 4 2.1.4 Post-translational Modification of Cys 5 2.2 Biosensors 7 2.2.1 Introduction 7 2.2.2 Recognition Elements (Bioreceptor) 7 2.2.3 Immobilization Techniques 10 2.3 Albumin Sensing Platform 12 2.3.1 Introduction 12 2.3.2 Dye-Binding Methods 12 2.3.3 Fluorescent Sensing Techniques 13 2.3.4 Electrochemical Biosensors 13 Chapter 3. Materials and Methods 16 3.1 Fabrication of Working Electrodes 16 3.1.1 Gold Electrode 16 3.1.2 Zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP)/Cysteine (Cys) Modified Electrode 16 3.1.3 Maleimides/Cys Modified Electrode 16 3.1.4 Maleimides/2-aminoethanethiol (MEA) Modified Electrode 17 3.1.5 Three-Electrode System 17 3.2 Optimization of 11-MA/Cys Modified Electrode 17 3.2.1 Cys Concentration 17 3.2.2 11-MA Concentration 17 3.2.3 NHS/EDC Molar Ratio 18 3.2.4 Rinse Time 18 3.2.5 Cys Reaction Time 18 3.2.6 11-MA/EDC/NHS Reaction Time 18 3.3 Electrochemical Behavior Analysis 18 3.3.1 CV (Cyclic Voltammetry) 18 3.3.2 Nyquist Plot 18 3.4 Material Characteristics Analysis 19 3.4.1 UV-Vis Spectroscopy 19 3.4.2 FTIR (Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) 19 3.4.3 Raman Spectroscopy 19 3.4.4 XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy) 19 3.4.5 SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) 20 3.5 Clinical Examination 20 3.5.1 Selectivity 20 3.5.2 Reproducibility 20 3.5.3 Stability 20 3.5.4 Clinical Sample Test 20 3.6 Chemicals 21 3.7 Apparatus 22 Chapter 4. Results and Discussion 23 4.1 Biorecognition Materials: Fabrication & Comparison 23 4.1.1 ZnPP/Cys 23 4.1.2 Maleimides/Cys 24 4.1.3 Maleimides/MEA 25 4.1.4 Closure 26 4.2 Reactivity: 11-MA & Albumin 27 4.2.1 Absorbance Variation by UV-Vis Spectrophotometer 27 4.2.2 Structure Analysis by FTIR 30 4.3 Surface Characterization 32 4.3.1 Electrode Characterization by Raman Spectroscopy 32 4.3.2 Surface Element Analysis by XPS 34 4.3.3 Surface Morphology of the Electrodes by SEM 36 4.4 Electrochemical Behavior 36 4.4.1 Modification Characteristics 36 4.4.2 Adsorption of Albumin 39 4.5 Optimization of Instrumental Conditions 40 4.5.1 Frequency 40 4.5.2 Stirring Rate 42 4.5.3 Optimization of pH 44 4.5.4 Calibration Time 45 4.6 Optimization of Electrode Fabrication 46 4.6.1 Concentration 46 4.6.2 Rinse Time 48 4.6.3 Reaction Time 49 4.7 Quantification of Albumin 51 4.7.1 Charge Transfer Resistance 51 4.7.2 Impedimetric Parameters 52 4.7.3 Injection Methods 53 4.8 Clinical Examination 54 4.8.1 Selectivity 54 4.8.2 Reproducibility 56 4.8.3 Stability 57 4.8.4 Standard Urine Calibration 58 4.8.5 Clinical Sample Test 59 4.9 Comparison with the Previous Literature 61 Chapter 5. Conclusions 63 References 64

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