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研究生：	呂子豪 Lu, Tzu-Hao
論文名稱：	生命週期評估於試驗規模成效之分析–以電廠中之微藻養殖系統用以生產藻藍素為案例 Use of LCA in leveraging effectiveness of pilot experimental studies – a case study in algal cultivation system for phycocyanin extraction attached to a power plant
指導教授：	福島康裕 Yasuhiro fukushima
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 環境工程學系 Department of Environmental Engineering
論文出版年：	2014
畢業學年度：	102
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	74
中文關鍵詞：	試驗規模、生命週期評估、微藻、藻藍素(藻藍蛋白)
外文關鍵詞：	Pilot scale experiment, Life cycle assessment, Microalgae, Phycocyanin
相關次數：	點閱：103 下載：2
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植物及微生物等生物資源是常被用來製作營養物、化學物質以及燃料的原物料。與開採石化資源不同，他們可藉由控制生物的品種以及養殖方法來提供程序設計者更多機會去設計更密集的開發程序以產得更高質量的產品。因此，以生物資源作為原料來生產石油等物品，並在設計上考量到這些新的設計參數，將可使整個程序的產值達到穩定且最佳化。然而，在許多生長以及轉化程序的參數間，也有著複雜且充滿不確定性的關係，以戶外或溫室培養為例，其培養時存在的不確定因素多半來自於氣候的變化(例如陽光照射強度、溫度、溼度等)。因此，為了反映出這些不確定性因素所造成的影響，試驗規模系統的輔助在分析模擬上是必要的，而考慮到其高成本，需對環境以及經濟層面的影響進行各別的探討，再藉由其實驗結果繼續針對各熱點因子進行個別分析，並藉此設計出改善系統的策略，以有效減低試驗規模系統的花費及其對環境的衝擊。
在本研究中，以高雄電廠中一試驗規模的微藻養殖系統為例，希望藉此使整個系統在藻藍素 (一蛋白質複合色素) 生產上達到環境及經濟的最佳化。
試驗規模系統中的各項數據可用來進行生命週期盤查，並藉此找到可以降低整個系統在環境以及經濟面向的影響因子，因此，此研究旨在藉由評估所有與系統相關之參數，以規劃進一步的試驗目標。舉例來說，利用多批次的試驗來測試廢水的回收效益，並藉此探討輸入端的減量效果，或是藉由改變培養環境(改變光源強度)來提高乾藻以及藻藍素的產量，這些都是根據研究結果所建議的改善策略。此外，隨培養時間變動的藻藍素含量以及乾藻產量也是使此系統在環境以及經濟面向達到最佳化的關鍵因素。

Bio-resources, such as plants and microorganisms, has become important as raw materials for nutrients, chemicals and fuels. Unlike in exploitation of petro-leum resources, process designers that consider use of bio-resources have oppor-tunity to choose cultivars and methods of cultivation and harvesting that affect the quality and yield over seasons. Conversion processes that are designed to maxim-ize profit assuming a constant, or planned input of petroleum-based raw materials now needs to consider these new design parameters in the design of the whole system.
The integrated cultivation and conversion processes have parameters that are mutually related across the processes, and has relatively greater uncertainty especially when the cultivation process is open air, or in greenhouse, as it is affected by the meteorological conditions. Pilot experiments become important to correctly reflect such uncertainty in the process design. Considering the high cost of pilot experiments, it is important that the system-wide economic and environmental evaluation is performed concurrently at the pilot experiments stage, to leverage the effectiveness of the experiments by identifying the experimental conditions to be explored, and to highlight the need of alternative methods to cut down cost and environmental impacts at the hotspots.
Here, we examine an existing pilot plant constructed within a power plant in Kaohsiung, which aims to produce phycocyanin, a kind of pigment-protein complex from microalgae. Life cycle inventory was constructed based on pilot scale experiments to explore the opportunity for reduction of associated costs and environmental burdens. As a result, need of further study is screened out from among numerous parameters. For example, continuous experiment of two or more cultivation cycles with water and nutrient recycling is recommended as a result of hotspot analysis. In addition, changed of culture environment such as growth within controlled light intensity also suggested on profit optimization of either dried algae yield or phycocyanin content changed. Furthermore, a shifted cultivation period with measurement of phycocyanin content and dried algae yield is found crucial in harnessing maximum economic and environmental potentials of the evaluated system.

Abstract	I
摘要	III
Acknowledgement	IV
Table of Content	VII
Figure index	X
Table index	XIII
Chapter 1	Introduction	1
1	Preface	1
2	Motivation	2
3	Objective	4
3.1	Tool construction – model to evaluate profit of pilot scale experiment	4
3.2	Demonstration	5
Chapter 2	Literature review	6
1	LCA application	6
1.1	A case study about solvent waste issues in pharmaceutical producing process[6]	6
1.2	Process design of industrial production of algal biodiesel[7]	8
2	Microalgae cultivation and application	10
2.1	Introduction of microalgae	10
2.2	Introduction of microalgae cultivation system	11
2.3	Application – PC	13
Chapter 3	Methodology	22
1	Data collection	22
1.1	Emission evaluation	22
1.2	Cost evaluation	23
2	Assessment approach introduction	24
2.1	LCI model	25
2.2	Profit model	25
2.3	Scenario design	27
Chapter 4	Case study	28
1	Data collection	31
1.1	Emission inventory	31
1.2	Cost inventory	32
2	LCI model	35
2.1	GHG emission evaluation	35
3	PC productivity	36
3.1	Cost evaluation	37
3.2	Profit model	41
3.3	Cultivation time extension	43
4	Scenario design	46
4.1	Environmental and economic hotspot analysis	46
4.2	Literature review – light intensity control	47
5	Integration of environmental and economic condition in form of cost	51
6	Evaluation of the most profitable cultivation period	51
7	Sensitivity analysis	53
Chapter 5	Result and discussion	55
1	LCA analysis for PC production	55
1.1 Scenario result from hotspot analysis	55
1.2 Scenario result from literature review	58
2	Most profitable cultivation period in different scenarios	61
2.1 Scenario result from hotspot analysis	61
2.2 Scenario result from literature review	63
3	Sensitivity analysis	66
4	Recommendation making from all scenarios	68
Chapter 6	Conclusion	70
Reference	71

                                    

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校內：2019-08-07公開
校外：2019-08-07公開

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