在 21 世紀，地球資源逐漸耗竭的情況下，人們開始試圖找尋如何降低天 然採礦、建立創新的設計系統、提高產品回收與再製的使用、促進物質流 動的封閉式循環、最後達到零排放與零廢棄的目標，而城市採礦的概念也 隨之產生 : 在城市裡掏金。

電子垃圾 (E-WASTE) 隨著科技進步以及消費文化改變，在環境上產生了 非常龐大的壓力。但變相思考下電子垃圾就是城市中的礦產，人們不需要再去向大自然汲取新的資源，而應善用這些廢棄物，從維修、回收提升到再製造、再設計的層次。本文將電子垃圾做三種不同尺度的分析，廢棄物整體特性、拆解後零件材料特性到被設計過後新循環材料特性。

從較縱觀的角度了解廢棄物本身來源再看到每個回收再製層次上的總結，電子垃圾具有除了大眾所知的有價金屬具有價值外，所有零件、設備都因產品必須具備絕緣、耐熱和一定抗外力衝擊之條件而使用與一般商品有別之塑膠、玻璃等等材料。而本文也在這些發現下，尋找其在同樣需要保護性、強度之建築表皮上的可能。

都市表皮 (URBAN SKIN) 為形成城市樣貌的一龐大系統，例如在台灣，都市表皮由鐵皮材料占比最高。經過分析發現，無論在空間上或時間上，台灣城鄉的都市表皮都具有臨時性、間歇性以及過渡性，此特性也成為了發展至今之電子垃圾循環材料在建築上能挑戰的第一位角色，並隨人們因應世代改變的新觀念產生，電子垃圾循環材料所製作的都市表皮系統將能逐漸取代之。

為達到未來可封閉循環所有產品，模組化為最佳設計手法，材料可快速地 因應、進行改變，也附帶了提升效率、降低變革成本的優勢。而設計範圍介於依附型和半自立型之臨時性都市表皮系統，將電子垃圾循環材料根據分析其進行回收再製造後最佳型態分配在模組中的角色。

With the gradual depletion of the earth’s resources in the 21st century, people try to establish innovative design systems to promote a closed cycle of materials, to achieve the goal of zero emissions and zero waste, and the concept of urban mining has also emerged. With the advancement of technology and the change of consumer culture, electronic waste (E-WASTE) has created tremendous pressure on the environment. But thinking in a different way is that electronic waste is a kind of urban mine. People should make good use of these wastes and upgrade from maintenance and recycling to the level of remanufacturing and redesign. From a comprehensive understanding of the source, and then at each level of recycling and remanufacturing, all parts of electronic waste have different types of plastics and glass due to the product’s insulation, heat resistance and impact resistance. Under these findings, we can see the possibility of its recycled materials on the building skin which that also needs protection and strength.

The urban skin is a huge system that forms the appearance of the city. In Taiwan, urban skins are made up of iron sheets, and they are regarded as the transition materials of the city into the next generation: circular economy generation. No matter in space or time, it is temporary and intermittent, this characteristic has also become the first role that experimental recycling materials can take on construction. In order to achieve a closed cycle of all products in the future, modularization can quickly respond to and change, and also has the advantages of improving efficiency and reducing costs. In this study, the e-waste recycling materials are assigned their respective roles in the module system according to the optimal form after analysis. This urban skin module system has become a new idea for the circular economy to intervene in the city.

中文文獻

李冠杰、張庭瑀、蔡明衡、高海葳、洪靖淳撰，《重現生「機」：廢棄手機的再利用》，華視新聞網報導，2019
洪鳳雅撰，《台灣鐵皮屋住宅現象之研究-以台南為例》，國立成功大學建築研究所碩士論文，2009
郭葉輝撰，《漫談城市採礦》，臺灣鑛業報導，2010
張沛頎撰，《熱塑性塑膠微射出成型技術之研究》，國立成功大學機械工程研究所碩士論文，2005
詹子嫻撰，《你聽過循環經濟嗎？看戴爾如何讓電子垃圾變有價》，數位時代，2017
蔡獻逸撰，《液晶顯示器用玻璃邈板》，科學發展406期，2006
劉舜仁撰，《循環經濟時代的設計挑戰》，臺灣建築學會會刊雜誌，2018
藍貫銘撰，《電子垃圾的回收關鍵：主機板的剝金技術與回收策略》，聯合新聞網報導，2019
拉普普撰，張玫玫譯，《住屋形式與文化》，境與象出版社，1979

英文文獻

Baldé, C.P., Forti, V., Gray, V., Kuehr, R. & Stegmann, P., The Global E-waste Monitor, UNU & ITU, 2017

Cheng, K.L., Quantifying Potential Anthropogenic Resources of Buildings through Hot Spot Analysis, Conservation and Recycling, Volume 133, 2018

Durmisevic, E., Circular Economy in Construction- Design Strategies for Reversible Building, Building as Material Bank, 2019

Honda, S., Sinha Khetri, D. & Kuehr, R., Regional E-waste Monitor: East and Southeast Asia., United Nations University ViE- SCYCLE, 2016

Kuroda, K. & Ueda, M., Cell Curface Design for Selective Recovery of Rare Metal Ions, Metal Biotechnology: Applications for Environmental Conservation and Sustainability. CRC Press., 2011

Mmereki,D., Li, B., Baldwin, A. & Liu, H., The Generation, Composition, Collection, Treatment and Disposal System, and Impact of E-Waste, E-Waste in Transition- From Pollution to Resource, Florin-Constantin Mihai, 2016

Nakamura, T., How to Recover Minor Rare Metals from E-scrap, Rare Metal Technology, 2016
Baldé, C.P., Forti, V., Gray, V., Kuehr, R. & Stegmann, P., The Global E-waste Monitor, UNU & ITU, 2017

Yu, J.S., Che, J., Omura, M. & Serrona, K.R. B., Emerging Issues on Urban Mining in Automobile Recycling, Integrated Waste Management. 2. InTech., 2011

網路資料

社企流, https://www.seinsights.asia/info/6124
政大-大學報, https://reurl.cc/ObyOzg
綠捷環保發展, https://kknews.cc/zh-tw/news/avkv3jv.html
數位時代, https://www.bnext.com.tw/article/43186/dell-closed-loop-recycling
Kknews, https://71a.xyz/byAmbW
Kknews, https://71a.xyz/LNW8Gy
Miniwiz, http://www.miniwiz.com/solution_detail.php?id=8
Miniwiz, http://www.miniwiz.com/solution_detail.php?id=4
Renato Lab, http://renato-lab.com/appear-circle