簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 周羿君
Chou, Yi-Chun
論文名稱: 團隊成員多樣性對團隊創新能力之影響
The Influence of Team Diversity on Team Innovativeness
指導教授: 史習安
Shih, Hsi-An
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 管理學院 - 企業管理學系碩士在職專班
Department of Business Administration (on the job class)
論文出版年: 2018
畢業學年度: 106
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 68
中文關鍵詞: 團隊成員多樣性團隊成員人格特質團隊資訊交換團隊創新
外文關鍵詞: team, diversity, personality, information exchange, innovativeness, innovation
相關次數: 點閱:155下載:3
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 二十一世紀是急速變化的時代,科技突飛猛進,資訊網路四通八達,伴隨而來的便是全球化的激烈競爭。在激烈競爭的境境下,企業維持其競爭優勢的重要條件之一,便是要不斷追求突破與成長;因此,如何能夠持續提升團隊創新動能便成為現今社會不容忽視的課題。
    台灣被譽為半導體王國,2017年半導體產業年產值突破4000億美元,從業人員已達23萬人,其中晶圓代工產值為世界排名第一,市佔率高達全球70%。而半導體產業所面臨的挑戰與團隊創新動能息息相關,其創新更是涉及跨領域的先進技術,是故,研發與工程團隊皆必須將創新效能做到最大的聚合與發揮。然而,團隊成員的組成是否會影響到團隊創新效能?又團隊資訊交換的行為在其中又扮演著什麼樣的角色?本文將以團隊成員多樣性與團隊成員人格特質為基礎,以探討團隊創新之來源,同時並研究團隊成員多樣性、團隊成員人格特質與團隊資訊交換影響團隊創新的內在歷程。
    本研究主要以臺灣半導體產業為研究對象,研究問卷分為A、B兩式,總計發放75組成套問卷,回收有效樣本64組,有效樣本回收率為85%。實驗分析主要使用層級迴歸分析進行研究假設之驗證。經由實證分析後結果如下:
    (一)團隊成員人格特質對團隊創新具有正向影響。
    (二)團隊成員人格特質對於團隊成員多樣性和團隊創新之關聯性具有調節效果。
    (三)團隊成員人格特質對團隊資訊交換具有正向影響。
    (四)團隊資訊交換對團隊創新具有正向影響。
    (五)團隊資訊交換在團隊成員人格特質對團隊創新間具有中介效果。
    本研究主要貢獻包含:驗證團隊成員人格特質存在之調節效果;探討團隊成員人格特質、團隊資訊交換與與團隊創新之關聯性,以及團隊資訊交換之中介效果。

    This research concerned the semiconductor industry in Taiwan. The overall analysis detailed in the study was verified using hierarchical regression analysis. The results of the empirical analysis are as follows:
    (1) Team personality has a moderating effect on team diversity and innovativeness.
    (2) Team personality has a positive effect on team innovativeness.
    (3) Team personality has a positive effect on team information exchange.
    (4) Team information exchange has a positive effect on team innovativeness.
    (5) Team information exchange mediates the personality traits of team members and team innovativeness.

    摘 要 I 目 錄 II 表目錄 VIII 圖目錄 IX 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究動機 1 第二節 研究目的 3 第三節 研究流程 4 第二章 文獻探討 5 第一節 團隊創新與團隊成員多樣性 5 第二節 團隊成員人格特質與團隊創新 10 第三節 團隊資訊交換與團隊創新 12 第四節 假設推導 14 第三章 研究方法 18 第一節 研究架構 18 第二節 研究假設 19 第三節 研究變數 20 第四節 研究問卷樣本抽樣 24 第五節 資料分析與處理 26 第四章 研究結果與討論 28 第一節 敘述性統計分析 28 第二節 信度分析 34 第三節 團隊層次加總檢驗 37 第四節 建構效度分析 38 第五節 相關係數分析 38 第六節 層級迴歸分析 41 第五章 結論與建議 49 第一節 研究假設實證結果彙整 49 第二節 研究結論 50 第三節 研究貢獻與限制 54 第四節 研究建議 56 參考文獻 58 附錄一、主管問卷 65 附錄二、成員問卷 67

    Adams, R. B., & Ferreira, D. (2009). Women in the boardroom and their impact on governance and performance. Journal of financial economics, 94(2), 291-309.
    Albrecht, T. L., & Hall, B. J. (1991). Facilitating talk about new ideas: The role of personal relationships in organizational innovation. Communication Monographs, 58(3), 273-288.
    Allport, G. W. (1937). Personality: A psychological interpretation. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
    Allport, G. W., & Harrington, M. (1938). Personality: A Psychological Interpretation.
    Amabile, T. M. (1988). A model of creativity and innovation in organization. Research in organizational behavior, 10, 123-167.
    Ancona, D., & Caldwell, D. (1987). Management issues facing new product teams in high technology companies. Advances in industrial and labor relations, 4(191.221).
    Appleyard, M. M., Brown, C., & Sattler, L. (2006). An International Investigation of Problem-Solving Performance in the Semiconductor Industry. The Journal of Product Innovation Management, 23(2), 147-167.
    Appleyard, M. M., & Brown C.(2001). Employment Practices and Semiconductor Manufacturing Performance. Industrial Relations, 40(3), 436-471.
    Appleyard, M. M. (1996). How does knowledge flow? Interfirm patterns in the semiconductor industry. Strategic Management Journal, 17, 137-154.
    Bagozzi, R., & Yi. Y. (1998). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 16(1), 74-94.
    Bantel, K.A. & Jackson, S.E. (1989) Top Management and Innovations in Banking: Does the Composition of the Top Team Make a Difference? Strategic Management Journal, 10, 107-124
    Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.
    Barrick, M.R., &Mount, M.K. (1991), The big five personality dimensions and job performance: a meta-analysis. Personality Psychology, 44(1), 1-26
    Barrick, M. R., Stewart, G. L., Neubert, M. J., & Mount, M. K. (1998). Relating member ability and personality to work-team processes and team effectiveness. Journal of Applied Psychology, 83(3), 377.
    Bell, S. T., Villado, A. J., Lukasik, M. A., Belau, L., & Briggs, A. L. (2011). Getting specific about demographic diversity variable and team performance relationships: A meta-analysis. Journal of management, 37(3), 709-743.
    Bunderson, J. S. (2003). Team member functional background and involvement in management teams: Direct effects and the moderating role of power centralization. Academy of Management Journal, 46(4), 458-474.
    Byrne, D. (1997). An overview (and underview) of research and theory within the attraction paradigm. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 14(3), 417-431.
    Cannella, A. A., Park, J.-H., & Lee, H.-U. (2008). Top management team functional background diversity and firm performance: Examining the roles of team member colocation and environmental uncertainty. Academy of Management Journal, 51(4), 768-784.
    Carter, D. A., Simkins, B. J., & Simpson, W. G. (2003). Corporate governance, board diversity, and firm value. Financial review, 38(1), 33-53.
    Cohen, W., & Levinthal, D. (1990). Absorptive capacity: A new perspective on learning and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(1), 128-152.
    Cooper, R. G., & Kleinschmidt, E. J. (1995). Benchmarking the Firm's Critical Success Factors in New Product Development. The Journal of Product Innovation Management, 5(12), 374-391.
    Costa Jr, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Four ways five factors are basic. Personality and individual differences, 13(6), 653-665.
    Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Normal personality assessment in clinical practice: The NEO Personality Inventory. Psychological assessment, 4(1), 5.
    Dahlin, K. B., Weingart, L. R., & Hinds, P. J. (2005). Team diversity and information use. Academy of Management Journal, 48(6), 1107-1123.
    Dahl, M.S., Pedersen, C.R. (2004). Knowledge flows through informal contacts in industrial clusters: myth or reality? Research Policy. 33(10), 1673-1686.
    Day, D. V., & Silverman, S. B. (1989). Personality and job performance: Evidence of incremental validity. Personnel Psychology, 42(1), 25-36.
    De Dreu, C. K., & West, M. A. (2001). Minority dissent and team innovation: The importance of participation in decision making. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(6), 1191.
    Diehl, M. (1992). Production losses in brainstorming groups: The effects of group composition on fluency and flexibility of ideas. Paper presented at the Joint Meeting of the European Association of Experimental Social Psychology and the Society for Experimental Social Psychology, Leuven, Belgium.
    Digman, J. M. (1990). Personality structure: Emergence of the five-factor model. Annual review of psychology, 41(1), 417-440.
    Digman, J.M., & Inouye, J. (1986). Further specification of the five robust factors of personality, Annual Review of Psychology, 50(1), 116-123.
    Drach-Zahavy, A., & Somech, A. (2001). Understanding team innovation: The role of team processes and structures. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 5(2), 111.
    Driskell, J. E., Goodwin, G. F., Salas, E., & O'shea, P. G. (2006). What makes a good team player? Personality and team effectiveness. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 10(4), 249.
    Edmondson, A. (1999). Psychological safety and learning behavior in work teams. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44(2), 350-383.
    Francoeur, C., Labelle, R., & Sinclair-Desgagné, B. (2008). Gender diversity in corporate governance and top management. Journal of business ethics, 81(1), 83-95.
    George, J. M., (1990). Personality, affect, and behavior in groups. Journal of Applied Psychology, 75(2), 107-116.
    George, J. M., & King, E. B. (2007). Potential pitfalls of affect convergence in teams: Functions and dysfunctions of group affective tone. Research on managing groups and teams. 10, 97–124.
    George, J. M., & Zhou, J. (2002). Understanding when bad moods foster creativity and good ones don't: the role of context and clarity of feelings. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 687.
    Gibson, C. B., & Gibbs, J. L. (2006). Unpacking the concept of virtuality: The effects of geographic dispersion, electronic dependence, dynamic structure, and national diversity on team innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 51(3), 451-495.
    Graziano, W. G., Jensen-Campbell, L. A., & Hair, E. C. (1996). Perceiving interpersonal conflict and reacting to it: the case for agreeableness. Journal of personality and social psychology, 70(4), 820.
    Hansen, M., Mors, M., and Løvås, B. (2005). Knowledge Sharing in Organizations: Multiple Networks, Multiple Phases. Academy of Management Journal, 48(5), 776-793.
    Harrison, D. A., & Klein, K. J. (2007). What's the difference? Diversity constructs as separation, variety, or disparity in organizations. Academy of management review, 32(4), 1199-1228.
    Harrison, D. A., Price, K. H., & Bell, M. P. (1998). Beyond Relational Demography: Time and the Effects of Surface- and Deep-level Diversity on Work Group Cohesion. Academy of Management Journal, 41(4), 96-107.
    Harrison, D. A., Price, K. H., Gavin, J. H., & Florey, A. T. (2002). Time, teams, and task performance: Changing effects of surface- and deep-level diversity on group functioning. Academy of Management Journal, 45(5) 1029–1045.
    Henderson, R., & Cockburn, I. (1994). Measuring competence? Exploring firm effects in pharmaceutical research. Strategic management journal, 15(S1), 63-84.
    Hickman, G. R., & Creighton-Zollar, A. (1998). Diverse self-directed work teams: Developing strategic initiatives for 21st century organizations. Public Personnel Management, 27(2), 187-200.
    Hoever, I. J., Van Knippenberg, D., Van Ginkel, W. P., & Barkema, H. G. (2012). Fostering team creativity: perspective taking as key to unlocking diversity's potential. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97(5), 982.
    Horwitz, S. K., & Horwitz, I. B. (2007). The effects of team diversity on team outcomes: A meta-analytic review of team demography. Journal of management, 33(6), 987-1015.
    Jackson, S. E. (1992). Consequences of group composition for the interpersonal dynamics of strategic issue processing. Advances in strategic management, 8(3), 345-382.
    Jackson, S. E., Joshi, A., & Erhardt, N. L., (2003). Recent research on team and organizational diversity: SWOT analysis and implications. Journal of management, 29(6), 801-830.
    Jakob, L., & Jan S., (2012). Knowledge sharing in diverse organizations. Human Resource Management Journal, 22(1), 89-105.
    Janssen, O., Van de Vliert, E., & West, M. A., (2004). The bright and dark sides of individual and group innovation: A special issue introduction. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(2), 129-145.
    Johnson, M. D., Hollenbeck, J. R., Humphrey, S. E., Ilgen, D. R., Jundt, D., & Meyer, C. J. (2006). Cutthroat cooperation: Asymmetrical adaptation of team reward structures. Academy of Management Journal, 49, 103-119.
    Joshi, A., & Roh, H. (2009). The role of context in work team diversity research: A meta-analytic review. Academy of Management Journal, 52(3), 599-627.
    Judge, T. A., Higgins, C. A., Thoresen, C. J., & Barrick, M. R. (1999). The big five personality traits, general mental ability, and career success across the life span. Personnel psychology, 52(3), 621-652.
    Kenny, D. A., LaVoie, L. (1985). Separating individual and group effects. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48(2), 339-348.
    Levine, J. M., & Moreland, R. L. (2004). Collaboration: The social context of theory development. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 8, 164-172
    Madhavan, R., & Grover, R. (1998). From embedded knowledge to embodied knowledge: New product development as knowledge management. Journal of Marketing, 62, 1-12.
    Marinova, D. (2004). Actualizing innovation effort: the impact of market knowledge diffusion in adynamic system of competition. Journal of. Marketing, 68(3) 1-20.
    Mathieu, J., Maynard, M. T., Rapp, T., & Gilson, L. (2008). Team effectiveness 1997-2007: A review of recent advancements and a glimpse into the future. Journal of management, 34(3), 410-476.
    Matzler, K., Renzl, B., Mooradian, T., Von Krogh, G., & Mueller, J. (2011). Personality traits, affective commitment, documentation of knowledge, and knowledge sharing. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 22(2), 296-310.
    Mayer, R. C. & Davis, J. H. (1995). An integrative model of organizational trust. Academy of Management Review, 20(3), 709-734.
    Maznevski, M. L. (1994). Understanding our differences: Performance in decision-making groups with diverse members. Human relations, 47, 531-552
    McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (1986). Personality, coping, and coping effectiveness in an adult sample. Journal of personality, 54(2), 385-404.
    Mesmer-Magnus, J. R., & DeChurch, L. A. (2009). Information sharing and team performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(2), 535-546.
    Milliken, F. J., & Martins, L. L. (1996). Searching for common threads: Understanding the multiple effects of diversity in organizational groups. Academy of management review, 21(2), 402-433.
    Murray, H. A. (1938). Explorations in personality. New York: Oxford University Press.
    Nemeth, C.J. & Nemeth-Brown, B. (2003). Better than individuals? The potential benefits of dissent and diversity for group creativity. In P. Paulus & B. Nijstad (Eds.), Group creativity: Innovation through collaboration (pp. 63-84). New York: Oxford University Press.
    Østergaarda C. R., Timmermans, B., & Kristinsson, K. (2011). Does a different view create something new? The effect of employee diversity on innovation. Research Policy, 40(3), 500-509.
    Neuman, G. A., Wagner, S. H., & Christiansen, N. D. (1999). The relationship between work-team personality composition and the job performance of teams. Group & Organization Management, 24(1), 28-45.
    Nonaka, I; Von Krogh, G & Voelpel, S. (2006). Organizational Knowledge Creation Theory: Evolutionary Paths and Future Advances. Organization Studies, 27(8) 1179-1208.
    Reilly, R. R., Lynn, G. S., & Aronson, Z. H. (2002). The role of personality in new product development team performance. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 19(1), 39-58.
    Pirola‐Merlo, A., & Mann, L. (2004). The relationship between individual creativity and team creativity: Aggregating across people and time. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(2), 235-257.
    Pitt, M., & MacVaugh. J. (2008) "Knowledge management for new product development", Journal of Knowledge Management, 12(4), 101-116.
    Podsakoff, P. M., & Organ, D. W. (1986). Self-reports in organizational research: Problems and prospects. Journal of management, 12(4), 531-544.
    Porter, M. E., & Millar, V. E. (1985). How information gives you competitive advantage. Retrieved from http://www.gospi.fr/IMG/pdf/how_information_gives_you_competitive_advantage-porter-hbr-1985.pdf
    Schippers, M. C., Den Hartog, D. N., Koopman, P. L., & Wienk, J. A. (2003). Diversity and Team Outcomes: The Moderating Effects of Outcome Interdependence and Group Longevity and the Mediating Effect of Reflexivity. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 24(6), 779-802.
    Schulz, M. (2001). The Uncertain Relevance of Newness: Organizational Learning and Knowledge Flow. Academy of Management Journal, 44(4), 661-681.
    Simons, T., Pelled, L. H., & Smith, K. A. (1999). Making use of difference: Diversity, debate, and decision comprehensiveness in top management teams. Academy of Management Journal, 42(6), 662-673.
    Simonton, D. K. 2003. Scientific creativity as constrained stochastic behavior: The integration of product, person, and process perspectives. Psychological Bulletin, 129, 475-494.
    Smith, K. G., Collins, C. J., & Clark, K. D. (2005). Existing knowledge, knowledge creation capability, and the rate of new product introduction in high-technology firms. Academy of Management Journal, 48, 346– 357.
    Smith, N., Smith, V., & Verner, M. (2006). Do women in top management affect firm performance? A panel study of 2,500 Danish firms. International Journal of productivity and Performance management, 55(7), 569-593.
    Stasser, G., & Birchmeier, Z. (2003). Group creativity and collective choice. In P. Paulus & B. Nijstad (Eds.), Group creativity: Innovation through collaboration, 85-109. New York: Oxford University Press.
    Stock, R.M., Gillert, N.L. & Von Hippel, E. (2016). Impacts of personality traits on consumer innovation success. Research Policy, 45(4), 757-769.
    Straud, C., McNaughton-Cassill, M., & Fuhrman, R. (2015). The role of the Five Factor Model of personality with proactive coping and preventative coping among college students. Personality and individual differences, 83, 60-64.
    Thompson, L. L. (1991). Information exchange in negotiation. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 27(2), 161-179.
    Tjosvold, D., & Sun, H. F. (2003). Openness among Chinese in conflict: Effects of direct discussion and warmth on integrative decision making. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 33(9), 1878-1897.
    Tsai, W. C., Chi, N. W., Grandey, A. A., & Fung, S. C. (2012). Positive group affective tone and team creativity: Negative group affective tone and team trust as boundary conditions. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33(5), 638-656.
    Tushman, M.L., Scanlan, T.J. (1981). Boundary Spanning Individuals: their role in information transfer and their antecedents. Academy of management journal. 24(2), 289-305.
    Van Knippenberg, D., De Dreu, C. K., & Homan, A. C. (2004). Work group diversity and group performance: an integrative model and research agenda. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(6), 1008.
    Welbourne, T. M., Cycyota, C. S., & Ferrante, C. J. (2007). Wall Street reaction to women in IPOs: An examination of gender diversity in top management teams. Group & Organization Management, 32(5), 524-547.
    West, M. A, & Farr, J. (1989). Innovation at work: psychological perspectives. Social behaviour, 4(1), 15-30.
    West, M. A. (2002). Sparkling fountains or stagnant ponds: An integrative model of creativity and innovation implementation in work groups. Applied psychology, 51(3), 355-387.
    West, M. A., & Anderson, N. R. (1996). Innovation in top management teams. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(6), 680.
    Wiersema, M. F., & Bantel, K. A. (1992). Top management team demography and corporate strategic change. Academy of Management Journal, 35(1), 91-121.
    Yaping, G., Tae-yeol, K., Deog-ro, L., & Jing Z,. (2013). A multilevel model of team goal orientation, information exchange, and creativity. Academy of Management Journal, 56(3), 827-851.
    Yu, L.-C., Wu, J.-L., Chang, P.-C., & Chu, H.-S. (2013). Using a contextual entropy model to expand emotion words and their intensity for the sentiment classification of stock market news. Knowledge-Based Systems, 41, 89-97.

    無法下載圖示 校內:立即公開
    校外:不公開
    電子論文尚未授權公開,紙本請查館藏目錄
    QR CODE