隨著18世紀工業革命的到來，促使機械代替人力，人機械的使用需要大量的能源，化石能源為主要的能源之用。而20世紀末的三次石油危機打響了能源危機的警鐘，各國紛紛推廣可再生能源取代不可再生能源。生質柴油為一種具有潛力的可再生能源，他是一種生物可降解性的能源，且對環境友善，故各國推出一系列政策鼓勵開發生質能源。生質柴油的快速發展促使其主要副產品甘油出現了供過於求的現象，尋求一種能將甘油轉化為高附加價值商品是當今迫切需要解決的課題。而其中甘油的衍生品甘油碳酸酯具有廣泛的應用，本實驗嘗試使用甘油藉由直接羰化法合成甘油碳酸酯以達到甘油高值化。
本實驗使用了水熱合成及市售氧化鋅作為擔體，使用六水合硝酸鈰作為前驅物以濕式含浸法於表面擔載氧化鈰，形成氧化鈰/氧化鋅之觸媒，並藉由XRD，SEM，ICP等鑑定觸媒之性質。觸媒應用於甘油直接羰化法反應中並探討影響甘油直接羰化法之因素。
經由實驗結果顯示，以氧化鈰/氧化鋅重量比為10:90可得最佳之產物產率 15 %，且隨著反應時間加長，產物產率提高，但是隨著反應時間拉長，除水劑之寡聚物產量提升，使產物出現固化之現象，難以進一步後續的分離。不同擔體的合成方式對於本實驗之影響不顯著，而除水劑的選著可影響本實驗之結果，本實驗的除水劑選擇使用2-氰基吡啶(2-cyanopyridine)可得較高的產物產率。而此反應之其中主要副產品為甘油醋酸酯，經由實驗結果顯示此觸媒對於副產品無法提高副產品選擇率，故出現無明顯趨勢的現象。

The catalytic carbonylation of glycerol with carbon dioxide over the catalyst cerium oxide/zinc oxide (〖CeO〗_2/ZnO) was studied in this work. Using cerium nitrate hexahydrate as a precursor, cerium oxide was successfully impregnated on the both hydrothermal and commercial zinc oxide, and the hydrothermal zinc oxide was synthesized by zinc chloride and sodium hydroxide with molar ratio 1:4 at 180 ℃ for 24 hours. The catalyst was characterized by a series of instrument such as XRD, N2-adsorption, ICP-OES, XPS and its basicity also measure by Hammett method. The 50:50 weight ratio of cerium oxide and zinc oxide has the highest specific surface area and more basicity between the different weight ratio of cerium oxide-zinc oxide catalyst. Generally, this carbonylation reaction was performed in a semi-batch reactor with 5 kg/cm2 continuous CO2 flow at 120 ℃, cooperate with 2-cyanopyridine or acetonitrile as dehydration agent. According to the result of carbonylation reaction, the highest yield of desire product, i.e., glycerol carbonate, was synthesized after 8 hours reaction, however the longer reaction time, the excess 2-cyanopyridine will oligomerizing and the product become more solidify. Therefore, 6 hours is the optimal reaction time with lower solidify and higher yields of desire product. Loading of the cerium oxide is a major effect of this reaction, the lower cerium oxide loading, the higher yields of desire product. The effect of the supports is not significant. The dehydration agent can affect this reaction significantly, according to the result, 2-cyanopyridine is a better dehydration agent in this reaction.

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