高雄國際機場一直是南部進出國的主要門戶，連續幾年乘客的成長率持續穩定增長，出入境旅客的人數也逐年增加，乘客人數已即將超過原設計容量。目前的國際出境航廈高峰時段擁擠的情況日趨嚴重。航廈設計之目的，係能在尖峰時刻容納旅客並維持一定之服務水準。故探討航廈整體面積或容量時，應著重於航廈是否足以服務尖峰小時旅客的數量，較能精準反應航廈使用狀況。
因此本研究以高雄國際機場為研究對象，依據高雄國際機場最近五年(2014-2018)各航空公司計費系統資料的收集與分析，探討高雄機場國際航廈出境、入境、入出境尖峰特性；高雄機場月尖峰係數；討高雄機場第30、40高尖峰小時運量及其特性；高雄機場累計前3.5%、4.0%、4.5%、5.0%年運量對應小時運量及其特性；高雄機場尖峰月平均日運量特性；最後提出尖峰小時設計運量的建議。
經由資料分析結果顯示，尖峰月係數大致隨年運量增加而遞減，其範圍介於9.22％~10.01％，此特性隨年運量差異增大而愈益明顯。出境第30高小時運量相當一致地都發生於上午7時之時段，而其運量並未隨年運量增加而遞增之原因，推測或許是已達出境大廳容量限制而有尖峰性拉平分散至其他時段。此一特性同樣適用於第40高小時運量。前3.5％所對應之小時排序大致隨年運量增加而增加，此一特性同樣適用於前4.0％、4.5％、5.0％等狀況。推測或許是尖峰時段小時運已達出境大廳容量限制而有尖峰性拉平分散至其他時段，當年運量增加，需要累計較多小時運量，方能達到年運量同樣百分比累計運量。
根據研究結果，尖峰月平均日運量無論較第30及第40高日運量皆明顯低估，透過此一檢視，提醒在連結加權後之尖峰小時運量/尖峰日運量比率與尖峰月平均日運量需多加考量，不宜使用最尖峰日運量與該日尖峰小時運量為依據，或許使用尖峰月前幾高尖峰小時運量平均是可思考的選擇。

Kaohsiung International Airport has always been the main gateway to and from the south. The growth rate of passengers has continued to increase steadily for several years. The number of passengers entering and leaving the country has also increased year by year. The number of passengers is about to exceed the original designed capacity. The current situation of congestion during the peak hours of international outbound terminals is becoming increasingly serious. The purpose of the terminal design is to be able to accommodate passengers at peak times and maintain a certain level of service. Therefore, when discussing the overall area or capacity of the terminal, it should focus on whether the terminal is sufficient to serve the number of peak-hour passengers, and can more accurately reflect the use of the terminal.
Therefore, this study takes Kaohsiung International Airport as the research object, and based on the collection and analysis of the airline billing system data of Kaohsiung International Airport in the last five years (2014-2018), the characteristics of the peaks of departure, entry and exit of Kaohsiung International Terminal are discussed; Kaohsiung Airport monthly spike coefficient; discuss the 30th and 40th peak hours of Kaohsiung Airport and its characteristics; Kaohsiung Airport's cumulative annual traffic of 3.5%, 4.0%, 4.5%, and 5.0% corresponds to hourly traffic and its characteristics; Kaohsiung Airport The characteristics of peak monthly average daily transport volume; finally, suggestions for peak hour design transport volume are proposed.
The data analysis results show that the peak month coefficient generally decreases with the increase in annual transportation volume, ranging from 9.22% to 10.01%. This characteristic becomes more and more obvious as the annual transportation volume difference increases. The reason that the 30th hour of the outbound traffic occurred fairly uniformly at 7:00 am, and the reason for the fact that the traffic did not increase with the increase in annual traffic, it is speculated that it may have reached the capacity limit of the departure hall and peaked and dispersed. To other times. This feature is also applicable to the 40th high-hour throughput. The hourly rank corresponding to the top 3.5% generally increases with the increase in annual traffic. This feature is also applicable to the top 4.0%, 4.5%, and 5.0%. It is speculated that it may be that the hourly traffic in the peak hours has reached the capacity limit of the departure hall and there are peaking flattening and scattered to other times. When the year's traffic increases, it needs to accumulate more hours of traffic to achieve the same percentage of annual traffic.
According to the results of the study, the average monthly transport volume of the peak month is significantly underestimated no matter whether it is the 30th or 40th highest daily transport volume. Through this view, it is reminded that the peak hourly transport volume / peak daily transport ratio and peak monthly average after link weighting Daily traffic needs to be taken into consideration, and it is not appropriate to use the peak daily traffic and the hourly peak hourly traffic as the basis. Perhaps using the average peak hourly traffic before the peak month is a conceivable choice.

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網站部份

1. 交通部民用航空局網站， https://www.caa.gov.tw/index.aspx。
2. 高雄國際航空站，https://www.kia.gov.tw/。
3. 國際民航組織，https://www.icao.int/Pages/default.aspx 。
4. 英國機場管理局(BAA)，https://www.heathrow.com/company。
5. 美國聯邦航空管理局，https://www.faa.gov/。